Substituted 1H-Pyrrolo [2, 3-b] pyridine and 1H-Pyrazolo [3, 4-b] pyridine Derivatives as Salt Inducible Kinase 2 (SIK2) Inhibitors

ABSTRACT

The present invention relates to compounds according to Formulas I, IA or IB: 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     to pharmaceutically acceptable composition, salts thereof, their synthesis and their use as SIK2 inhibitors including such compounds and methods of using said compounds in the treatment of various diseases and or disorders such as cancer, stroke, cardiovascular, obesity and type II diabetes.

The present application claims the benefit of U.S. Patent Application No. 61/737,618 filed Dec. 14, 2012.

FIELD OF INVENTION

The present invention is directed to compounds, their synthesis, and their use as modulators or inhibitors of the Salt Inducible Kinase 2 (“SIK2” kinase). The compounds of the present invention are useful for modulating (e.g. inhibiting) SIK2 activity and for treating diseases or conditions mediated by SIK2 such as for example, disease states associated with abnormal cell growth such as cancer, stroke, obesity and type 2 diabetes.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Substituted 5-(pyrazin-2-yl)-1 h-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine and pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine derivatives as protein kinase inhibitors are described in US patent publication No. 2013/0102586 and International Publication No. WO2012/135631.

Salt Inducible Kinase 2 (SIK2) is a centrosome kinase required for bipolar mitotic spindle formation and is a Ser/Thr kinase. Three isoforms of SIK family have been reported; SIK1 (SNFILK), SIK2 (SNFILK, QIK) and SIK3 (QSK). The SIK2 is amplified in large B-cell lymphoma, ovarian, melanoma and beast cancer patients. Recent findings suggest that SIK2 over expression enhanced cell death after ischemia and metabolic diseases as well. Inhibition of SIK2 was reported to cause SIK2-dependent centrosome splitting in interphase while SIK2 depletion blocked centrosome separation in mitosis, sensitizing ovarian cancers to paclitaxel in culture and in xenografts. Depletion of SIK2 also delayed G1/S transition and reduced AKT phosphorylation. Higher expression of SIK2 significantly correlated with poor survival in patients with high-grade serous ovarian cancers (Bast, Jr., et al., Cancer Cell., 18, 109-121, 2010) and is a plausible therapeutic target for therapy in ovarian cancers.

The Salt Inducible Kinase 2 (SIK2) depletion in cancer cells had a significant decrease in cancer cell growth, delayed mitotic progression and G1/S transition and decreased AKT phosphorylation. Deficiency of SIK2 significantly sensitized cancer cells to taxnae and paclitaxel in vivo xenograft models in interfering with mitotic progression. In this work we established the basis of utilizing SIK2 as a target for therapy in cancer by evaluating its effect on taxane, paclitaxel sensitization in a panel of cell lines, confirming activity in xenografts that the SIK2 is over-expressed in 30% of ovarian cancers and to further develop an assay to measure SIK2 activity. Ovarian Cancer (OC) accounts 3% of cancers in women and is the fifth leading cause of cancer related death among women. Nearly 22,240 women were diagnosed in 2013 with OC in US alone with about 14,030 women estimated to die from this deadly gynecologic malignancy of American women. Ovarian cancer is one of the cancers difficult to detect prior to its advanced stage. The currently available treatments, other than surgery and radiation, are chemotheurapeutics and the few approved targeted agents.

Additionally, an advantage of SIK2 inhibitors that block SIK2 activity is to recruite melanogenesis. This leads to recovery of brown hair in 6 to 8 weeks.

Recent reports suggests that the over expression of SIK2 controlled the TORC1 (Transducer of regulated CREB activity-1) from entering the nucleus and activating CREB, and this enhanced cell death after ischemia. The SIK2 inhibitor could enhance CREB (cAMP Responsive Element-Binding) protein activity and prevent neuron death in response to ischemia. The SIK2 deficient mice were protected from stroke suggests that SIK2 degradation after ischemia is required for neurons.

There continues to be a need for new drugs to treat multiple cancer indications, melanogenesis, stroke, cardiovascular, obesity and type II diabetes diseases where SIK2 and its isoforms play a pivotal role in these multiple disease indications. Using the homology structure of the SIK2 and our FFDD (Fragment Field Drug Design) or FIELDS guided lead identification, screening and SAR efforts; we have discovered the first-in-class novel H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine and 1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine inhibitors of SIK2 that would be useful for treating multiple disease indications, including cancer (ovarian, breast, prostate, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and melanoma), stroke, obesity, type II diabetes. We disclose here the composition and method of use for inhibitors of SIK2.

Accordingly, the present invention is directed to composition and method of use for novel H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine and 1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine inhibitors of SIK2 and SIK3 useful for treating multiple disease indications, including cancer (ovarian, breast, prostate, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, lung, NSCL and melanoma), autophagy function, stroke, obesity, and type II diabetes.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention concerns compounds active on protein kinases, specifically SIKI, SIK2 and SIK3, and in general, including but not limited to CLK1, CLK2, DYRK1, DYRK1A, ITK, Janus family of kinases (JAK1, JAK2, JAK3 and TYK2), LRRK2, LRRK2 G2019, MELK, MAP4K1, MAP4K5, NIK, PKCd, RSK4, STK2, STK3, STK4, STK10 and TNIK1, including any mutations of these kinases and the use thereof in treating disease and conditions associated with egulations of the activity of these kianses. More specifically the invention concerns compounds of Formula I, IA, and IB as described below. Thus the invention provides novel use of compounds for therapeutic methods involving inhibition and or modulation of protein kinases specifically SIK family of kinases; SIK1 (SNFILK), SIK2 (SNFILK, QIK) and SIK3 (QSK), as well as novel compounds that can be used for the theurapeutic methods involving modulation of these protein kinases.

The present invention relates to compounds according to Formulas I, IA or IB:

to pharmaceutically acceptable composition, salts thereof, their synthesis and their use as SIK2 inhibitors including such compounds and methods of their use in the treatment of various diseases and disorders such as cancer, stroke, obesity and type II diabetes.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

FIG. 1: shows two panels of SIK2 inhibitor examples: Panel A on the left: 135 (▪), 142 (Δ) and Panel B on the right: 133 (▪) and 168 (Δ). The percent activity is plotted against log M.

FIG. 2: shows SIK2 inhibitor examples tested in SK-OV-3 cell lines on the left Panel A and OVCAR3 cell lines on the right Panel B with Cisplatin as control. The survival fraction is plotted against the concentration.

FIG. 2 b 1: Effects of four 1H-Pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine and 1H-Pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine derivatives on the SIK2-expressed SKOv3 cells.

FIG. 2 b 2: Effects of four 1H-Pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine and 1H-Pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine derivatives on the SIK2-expressed OVCAR3 cells.

FIG. 2 b 3: Effects of four 1H-Pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine and 1H-Pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine derivatives on the SIK2-expressed ES-2 cells.

FIG. 3: depicts the structure based sequence alignment in Clustal W of the catalytic protein kinase domains of SIK1 (SNFILK), SIK2 (SNFILK, QIK), SIK3 (QSK), AMPK and MARK2. Amino acid residue annotation were identical residues (*), highly conserved residues (:), and similar residues (.) The active site residues highlighted in yellow and the gatekeeper residues in turquoise and the DFG residues shown in yellow.

FIG. 4: Homology model of SIK2 in complex with one of the lead inhibitor. The critical active site residues shown in color-by-atom in stick representations. The inhibitor binding site depicted in surface in complex with SIK2. Compound belongs to 1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine structural class claimed.

FIG. 5 a-c: Plots of tumor volume, weight, and number against a control, two 1H-Pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine compounds, taxol, and a combination. The data show that the compounds of the present invention and taxol have significant antitumor effects and as a single agent these series dissemination of tumor cell in vivo.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Compounds of the present invention are described by the Formulas I, IA or IB:

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein:

X is N or CH; L¹ is H, F; or

L¹ is thienyl, phenyl, pyrrolyl, pyridyl,

piperazinyl,

any of which is optionally substituted with 1-3 substituents, each substituent independently selected from halo, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, piperazinyl, methylpiperazinyl,

Q is a direct bond, thienyl, thiazolyl, phenyl,

furanyl, piperazinyl, or pyrazolyl; R¹ is each H, halo, —CN, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy,

Z is a direct bond, thienyl, thiazolyl, phenyl,

furanyl, piperazinyl, or pyrazolyl; R² is each independently H, halo, —CN, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy,

n is 0, 1, or 2; and m is 0, 1, or 2; provided that the compound is not a compound selected from the following list (“Exclusion List”):

and further provided that at least one of L¹, R¹, and R² is not H.

In an aspect of the invention, compounds of the present invention are described by Formula (IA) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein X is CH; and the other variables are as defined above for Formula (IA), provided that the compound is not one in the Exclusion List and at least one of L¹, R¹, and R² is not H.

In one embodiment of this aspect, compounds of the present invention are described by Formula (IA) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein X is CH; L¹ is H or F; and the other variables are as defined above for Formula (IA), provided that the compound is not one in the Exclusion List and at least one of R¹ and R² is not H.

In another embodiment of this aspect, compounds of the present invention are described by Formula (IA) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein X is CH; L¹ is thienyl optionally substituted with 1-3 substituents, each substituent independently selected from halo, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, piperazinyl, methylpiperazinyl,

and the other variables are as defined above for Formula (IA), provided that the compound is not one in the Exclusion List.

In still another embodiment of this aspect, compounds of the present invention are described by Formula (IA) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein X is CH; L¹ is phenyl optionally substituted with 1-3 substituents, each substituent independently selected from halo, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, piperazinyl, methylpiperazinyl,

and the other variables are as defined above for Formula (IA), provided that the compound is not one in the Exclusion List.

In yet another embodiment of this aspect, compounds of the present invention are described by Formula (IA) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein X is CH; L¹ is pyrrolyl optionally substituted with 1-3 substituents, each substituent independently selected from halo, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, piperazinyl, methylpiperazinyl,

and the other variables are as defined above for Formula (IA), provided that the compound is not one in the Exclusion List.

In still another embodiment of this aspect, compounds of the present invention are described by Formula (IA) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein X is CH; L¹ is pyridyl optionally substituted with 1-3 substituents, each substituent independently selected from halo, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, piperazinyl, methylpiperazinyl,

and the other variables are as defined above for Formula (IA), provided that the compound is not one in the Exclusion List.

In another embodiment of this aspect, compounds of the present invention are described by Formula (IA) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein X is CH; L¹ is

optionally substituted with 1-3 substituents, each substituent independently selected from halo, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, piperazinyl, methylpiperazinyl,

and the other variables are as defined above for Formula (IA), provided that the compound is not one in the Exclusion List.

In yet another embodiment of this aspect, compounds of the present invention are described by Formula (IA) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein X is CH; L¹ is piperazinyl optionally substituted with 1-3 substituents, each substituent independently selected from halo, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, piperazinyl, methylpiperazinyl,

and the other variables are as defined above for Formula (IA), provided that the compound is not one in the Exclusion List.

In another embodiment of this aspect, compounds of the present invention are described by Formula (IA) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein X is CH; L¹ is

optionally substituted with 1-3 substituents, each substituent independently selected from halo, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, piperazinyl, methylpiperazinyl,

and the other variables are as defined above for Formula (IA), provided that the compound is not one in the Exclusion List.

In another embodiment of this aspect, compounds of the present invention are described by Formula (IA) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein X is CH; L¹ is

optionally substituted with 1-3 substituents, each substituent independently selected from halo, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, piperazinyl, methylpiperazinyl,

and the other variables are as defined above for Formula (IA), provided that the compound is not one in the Exclusion List.

In an aspect of the invention, compounds of the present invention are described by Formula (IA) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein X is N; and the other variables are as defined above for Formula (IA), provided that the compound is not one in the Exclusion List and at least one of L¹, R¹, and R² is not H.

In one embodiment of this aspect, compounds of the present invention are described by Formula (IA) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein X is N; L¹ is H or F; and the other variables are as defined above for Formula (IA), provided that the compound is not one in the Exclusion List and at least one of R¹ and R² is not H.

In another embodiment of this aspect, compounds of the present invention are described by Formula (IA) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein X is N; L¹ is thienyl optionally substituted with 1-3 substituents, each substituent independently selected from halo, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, piperazinyl, methylpiperazinyl,

and the other variables are as defined above for Formula (IA), provided that the compound is not one in the Exclusion List.

In still another embodiment of this aspect, compounds of the present invention are described by Formula (IA) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein X is N; L¹ is phenyl optionally substituted with 1-3 substituents, each substituent independently selected from halo, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, piperazinyl, methylpiperazinyl,

and the other variables are as defined above for Formula (IA), provided that the compound is not one in the Exclusion List.

In yet another embodiment of this aspect, compounds of the present invention are described by Formula (IA) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein X is N; L¹ is pyrrolyl optionally substituted with 1-3 substituents, each substituent independently selected from halo, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, piperazinyl, methylpiperazinyl,

and the other variables are as defined above for Formula (IA), provided that the compound is not one in the Exclusion List.

In still another embodiment of this aspect, compounds of the present invention are described by Formula (IA) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein X is N; L¹ is pyridyl optionally substituted with 1-3 substituents, each substituent independently selected from halo, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, piperazinyl, methylpiperazinyl,

and the other variables are as defined above for Formula (IA), provided that the compound is not one in the Exclusion List.

In another embodiment of this aspect, compounds of the present invention are described by Formula (IA) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein X is N; L¹ is

optionally substituted with 1-3 substituents, each substituent independently selected from halo, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, piperazinyl, methylpiperazinyl,

and the other variables are as defined above for Formula (IA), provided that the compound is not one in the Exclusion List.

In yet another embodiment of this aspect, compounds of the present invention are described by Formula (IA) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein X is N; L¹ is piperazinyl optionally substituted with 1-3 substituents, each substituent independently selected from halo, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, piperazinyl, methylpiperazinyl,

and the other variables are as defined above for Formula (IA), provided that the compound is not one in the Exclusion List.

In another embodiment of this aspect, compounds of the present invention are described by Formula (IA) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein X is N; L¹ is

optionally substituted with 1-3 substituents, each substituent independently selected from halo, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, piperazinyl, methylpiperazinyl,

and the other variables are as defined above for Formula (IA), provided that the compound is not one in the Exclusion List.

In another embodiment of this aspect, compounds of the present invention are described by Formula (IA) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein X is N; L¹ is

optionally substituted with 1-3 substituents, each substituent independently selected from halo, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, piperazinyl, methylpiperazinyl,

and the other variables are as defined above for Formula (IA), provided that the compound is not one in the Exclusion List.

In an aspect of the invention, compounds of the present invention are described by Formula (IB) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein X is CH; and the other variables are as defined above for Formula (IB), provided that the compound is not one in the Exclusion List and at least one of L¹, R¹, and R² is not H.

In one embodiment of this aspect, compounds of the present invention are described by Formula (IB) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein X is CH; L¹ is H or F; and the other variables are as defined above for Formula (IB), provided that the compound is not one in the Exclusion List and at least one of R¹ and R² is not H.

In another embodiment of this aspect, compounds of the present invention are described by Formula (IB) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein X is CH; L¹ is thienyl optionally substituted with 1-3 substituents, each substituent independently selected from halo, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, piperazinyl, methylpiperazinyl,

and the other variables are as defined above for Formula (IB), provided that the compound is not one in the Exclusion List.

In still another embodiment of this aspect, compounds of the present invention are described by Formula (IB) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein X is CH; L¹ is phenyl optionally substituted with 1-3 substituents, each substituent independently selected from halo, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, piperazinyl, methylpiperazinyl,

and the other variables are as defined above for Formula (IB), provided that the compound is not one in the Exclusion List.

In yet another embodiment of this aspect, compounds of the present invention are described by Formula (IB) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein X is CH; L¹ is pyrrolyl optionally substituted with 1-3 substituents, each substituent independently selected from halo, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, piperazinyl, methylpiperazinyl,

and the other variables are as defined above for Formula (IB), provided that the compound is not one in the Exclusion List.

In still another embodiment of this aspect, compounds of the present invention are described by Formula (IB) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein X is CH; L¹ is pyridyl optionally substituted with 1-3 substituents, each substituent independently selected from halo, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, piperazinyl, methylpiperazinyl,

and the other variables are as defined above for Formula (IB), provided that the compound is not one in the Exclusion List.

In another embodiment of this aspect, compounds of the present invention are described by Formula (IB) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein X is CH; L¹ is

optionally substituted with 1-3 substituents, each substituent independently selected from halo, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, piperazinyl, methylpiperazinyl,

and the other variables are as defined above for Formula (IB), provided that the compound is not one in the Exclusion List.

In yet another embodiment of this aspect, compounds of the present invention are described by Formula (IB) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein X is CH; L¹ is piperazinyl optionally substituted with 1-3 substituents, each substituent independently selected from halo, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, piperazinyl, methylpiperazinyl,

and the other variables are as defined above for Formula (IB), provided that the compound is not one in the Exclusion List.

In another embodiment of this aspect, compounds of the present invention are described by Formula (IB) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein X is CH; L¹ is

optionally substituted with 1-3 substituents, each substituent independently selected from halo, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, piperazinyl, methylpiperazinyl,

and the other variables are as defined above for Formula (IA), provided that the compound is not one in the Exclusion List.

In another embodiment of this aspect, compounds of the present invention are described by Formula (IB) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein X is CH; L¹ is

optionally substituted with 1-3 substituents, each substituent independently selected from halo, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, piperazinyl, methylpiperazinyl,

and the other variables are as defined above for Formula (IB), provided that the compound is not one in the Exclusion List.

Compounds of the present invention include:

Other compounds of the present invention include:

Other compounds of the present invention include:

In an aspect, the present invention is a method of treating cancer or hyperproliferative disorders by administering an effective amount of a compound according to Formulas I, IA or IB:

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein:

-   -   X is N or CH;     -   L¹ is H, F; or     -   L¹ is thienyl, phenyl, pyrrolyl, pyridyl,

piperazinyl,

any of which is optionally substituted with 1-3 substituents, each substituent independently selected from halo, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, piperazinyl, methylpiperazinyl,

-   -   Q is a direct bond, thienyl, thiazolyl, phenyl,

furanyl, or piperazinyl;

-   -   R¹ is each independently H, halo, —CN, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy,

-   -   Z is a direct bond, thienyl, thiazolyl, phenyl,

furanyl, or piperazinyl;

-   -   R² is each independently H, halo, —CN, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy,

-   -   n is 0, 1, or 2; and     -   m is 0, 1, or 2;     -   provided that at least one of L¹, R¹, and R² is not H

In an embodiment of the aspect, the cancer is of colon, breast, stomach, prostate, pancreas, or ovarian tissue.

In another embodiment of the aspect, the cancer or hyperproliferative disorder is lung cancer, NSCLC (non small cell lung cancer), oat-cell cancer, bone cancer, pancreatic cancer, skin cancer, dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, cancer of the head and neck, cutaneous or intraocular melanoma, uterine cancer, ovarian cancer, colo-rectal cancer, cancer of the anal region, stomach cancer, colon cancer, breast cancer, gynecologic tumors (e.g., uterine sarcomas, carcinoma of the fallopian tubes, carcinoma of the endometrium, carcinoma of the cervix, carcinoma of the vagina or carcinoma of the vulva), Hodgkin's Disease, hepatocellular cancer, cancer of the esophagus, cancer of the small intestine, cancer of the endocrine system (e.g., cancer of the thyroid, pancreas, parathyroid or adrenal glands), sarcomas of soft tissues, cancer of the urethra, cancer of the penis, prostate cancer (particularly hormone-refractory), chronic or acute leukemia, solid tumors of childhood, hypereosinophilia, lymphocytic lymphomas, cancer of the bladder, cancer of the kidney or ureter, renal cell carcinoma, carcinoma of the renal pelvis, pediatric malignancy, neoplasms of the central nervous system, primary CNS lymphoma, spinal axis tumors, medulloblastoma, brain stem gliomas, pituitary adenomas, Barrett's esophagus, pre-malignant syndrome, neoplastic cutaneous disease, psoriasis, mycoses fungoides, benign prostatic hypertrophy, diabetic retinopathy, retinal ischemia, and retinal neovascularization, hepatic cirrhosis, angiogenesis, cardiovascular disease, atherosclerosis, immunological disease, autoimmune disease, or renal.

These and other aspects of the invention will be apparent upon reference to the following detailed description. To that end, certain patent and other documents are cited herein to more specifically set forth various aspects of this invention. Each of these documents is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.

Unless otherwise stated the following terms used in the specification and claims have the meanings discussed below:

“Alkyl” refers to a saturated straight or branched hydrocarbon radical of one to six carbon atoms, preferably one to four carbon atoms, e.g., methyl, ethyl, propyl, 2-propyl, n-butyl, iso-butyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, hexyl, and the like, preferably methyl, ethyl, propyl, or 2-propyl. Representative saturated straight chain alkyls include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, n-pentyl, n-hexyl, and the like; while saturated branched alkyls include isopropyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, isopentyl, and the like. Cyclic alkyls are referred to herein as a “cycloalkyl.”

Unsaturated alkyls contain at least one double or triple bond between adjacent carbon atoms (referred to as an “alkenyl” or “alkynyl”, respectively.) Representative straight chain and branched alkenyls include ethylenyl, propylenyl, 1-butenyl, 2-butenyl, isobutylenyl, 1-pentenyl, 2-pentenyl, 3-methyl-1-butenyl, 2-methyl-2-butenyl, 2,3-dimethyl-2-butenyl, and the like; while representative straight chain and branched alkynyls include acetylenyl, propynyl, 1-butynyl, 2-butynyl, 1-pentynyl, 2-pentynyl, 3-methyl-1-butynyl, and the like.

“C₀₋₄alkyl” refers to an alkyl with 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4 carbon atoms. C₀₋₄alkyl with 0 carbon atoms is a hydrogen atom when terminal and is a direct bond when linking.

“Alkylene” means a linear saturated divalent hydrocarbon radical of one to six carbon atoms or a branched saturated divalent hydrocarbon radical of three to six carbon atoms, e.g., methylene, ethylene, 2,2-dimethylethylene, propylene, 2-methylpropylene, butylene, pentylene, and the like, preferably methylene, ethylene, or propylene.

“Cycloalkyl” refers to a saturated cyclic hydrocarbon radical of three to eight carbon atoms, e.g., cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl or cyclohexyl.

“Alkoxy” means a radical —OR_(a) where R_(a) is an alkyl as defined above, e.g., methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy and the like.

“Halo” means fluoro, chloro, bromo, or iodo, preferably fluoro and chloro.

“Haloalkyl” means alkyl substituted with one or more, preferably one, two or three, same or different halo atoms, e.g., —CH₂Cl, —CF₃, —CH₂CF₃, —CH₂CCl₃, and the like.

“Haloalkoxy” means a radical —OR_(b) where R_(b) is an haloalkyl as defined above, e.g., trifluoromethoxy, trichloroethoxy, 2,2-dichloropropoxy, and the like.

“Acyl” means a radical —C(O)R_(c), where R_(c) is hydrogen, alkyl, or haloalkyl as defined herein, e.g., formyl, acetyl, trifluoroacetyl, butanoyl, and the like.

“Aryl” refers to an all-carbon monocyclic or fused-ring polycyclic (i.e., rings which share adjacent pairs of carbon atoms) groups of 6 to 12 carbon atoms having a completely conjugated pi-electron system. Examples, without limitation, of aryl groups are phenyl, naphthyl and anthracenyl. The aryl group may be substituted or unsubstituted. Unless specifically stated otherwise, “substituted aryl” refers to the aryl group being substituted with one or more, more preferably one, two or three, even more preferably one or two substituents independently selected from the group consisting of alkyl (wherein the alkyl may be optionally substituted with one or two substituents), haloalkyl, halo, hydroxy, alkoxy, mercapto, alkylthio, cyano, acyl, nitro, phenoxy, heteroaryl, heteroaryloxy, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, carboxy, alkoxycarbonyl, amino, alkylamino dialkylamino, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocycle or heterocycle (wherein the aryl, heteroaryl, carbocycle or heterocycle may be optionally substituted).

“Heteroaryl” refers to a monocyclic or fused ring (i.e., rings which share an adjacent pair of atoms) group of 5 to 12 ring atoms containing one, two, three or four ring heteroatoms selected from N, O, or S, the remaining ring atoms being C, and, in addition, having a completely conjugated pi-electron system. Examples, without limitation, of unsubstituted heteroaryl groups are pyrrole, furan, thiophene, imidazole, oxazole, thiazole, pyrazole, pyridine, pyrimidine, quinoline, isoquinoline, purine, triazole, tetrazole, triazine, and carbazole. The heteroaryl group may be unsubstituted or substituted, such as, for example, 5-methylthiazolyl. Unless specifically stated otherwise, “substituted heteroaryl” refers to the heteroaryl group being substituted with one or more, more preferably one, two or three, even more preferably one or two substituents independently selected from the group consisting of alkyl (wherein the alkyl may be optionally substituted with one or two substituents), haloalkyl, halo, hydroxy, alkoxy, mercapto, alkylthio, cyano, acyl, nitro, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, carboxy, alkoxycarbonyl, amino, alkylamino dialkylamino, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocycle or heterocycle (wherein the aryl, heteroaryl, carbocycle or heterocycle may be optionally substituted).

“Carbocycle” refers to a saturated, unsaturated or aromatic ring system having 3 to 14 ring carbon atoms. The term “carbocycle”, whether saturated or partially unsaturated, also refers to rings that are optionally substituted. The term “carbocycle” includes aryl. The term “carbocycle” also includes aliphatic rings that are fused to one or more aromatic or nonaromatic rings, such as in a decahydronaphthyl or tetrahydronaphthyl, where the radical or point of attachment is on the aliphatic ring. The carbocycle group may be substituted or unsubstituted. Unless specifically stated otherwise, “substituted carbocyle” refers to the carbocycle group being substituted with one or more, more preferably one, two or three, even more preferably one or two substituents independently selected from the group consisting of alkyl (wherein the alkyl may be optionally substituted with one or two substituents), haloalkyl, halo, hydroxy, alkoxy, mercapto, alkylthio, cyano, acyl, nitro, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, carboxy, alkoxycarbonyl, amino, alkylamino dialkylamino, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocycle or heterocycle (wherein the aryl, heteroaryl, carbocycle or heterocycle may be optionally substituted).

“Heterocycle” refers to a saturated, unsaturated or aromatic cyclic ring system having 3 to 14 ring atoms in which one, two or three ring atoms are heteroatoms selected from N, O, or S(O)_(m) (where m is an integer from 0 to 2), the remaining ring atoms being C, where one or two C atoms may optionally be replaced by a carbonyl group. The term “heterocycle” includes heteroaryl. Unless specifically stated otherwise, “substituted heterocyclyl” refers to the heterocyclyl ring being substituted independently with one or more, preferably one, two, or three substituents selected from alkyl (wherein the alkyl may be optionally substituted with one or two substituents), haloalkyl, cycloalkylamino, cycloalkylalkyl, cycloalkylaminoalkyl, cycloalkylalkylaminoalkyl, cyanoalkyl, halo, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, alkoxy, amino, alkylamino, dialkylamino, hydroxyalkyl, carboxyalkyl, aminoalkyl, alkylaminoalkyl, dialkylaminoalkyl, aralkyl, heteroaralkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocycle, heterocycle (wherein the aryl, heteroaryl, carbocycle or heterocycle may be optionally substituted), aralkyl, heteroaralkyl, saturated or unsaturated heterocycloamino, saturated or unsaturated heterocycloaminoalkyl, and —COR_(d) (where R^(d) is alkyl). More specifically the term heterocyclyl includes, but is not limited to, tetrahydropyranyl, 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolane, piperidino, N-methylpiperidin-3-yl, piperazino, N-methylpyrrolidin-3-yl, pyrrolidino, morpholino, 4-cyclopropylmethylpiperazino, thiomorpholino, thiomorpholino-1-oxide, thiomorpholino-1,1-dioxide, 4-ethyloxycarbonylpiperazino, 3-oxopiperazino, 2-imidazolidone, 2-pyrrolidinone, 2-oxohomopiperazino, tetrahydropyrimidin-2-one, and the derivatives thereof, including 2-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridinyl. In certain embodiments, the heterocycle group is optionally substituted with one or two substituents independently selected from halo, alkyl, alkyl substituted with carboxy, ester, hydroxy, alkylamino, saturated or unsaturated heterocycloamino, saturated or unsaturated heterocycloaminoalkyl, or dialkylamino.

“Optional” or “optionally” means that the subsequently described event or circumstance may but need not occur, and that the description includes instances where the event or circumstance occurs and instances in which it does not. For example, “heterocyclic group optionally substituted with an alkyl group” means that the alkyl may but need not be present, and the description includes situations where the heterocycle group is substituted with an alkyl group and situations where the heterocycle group is not substituted with the alkyl group.

Lastly, unless specifically stated otherwise, the term “substituted” as used herein means any of the above groups (e.g., alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, carbocycle, heterocycle, etc.) wherein at least one hydrogen atom is replaced with a substituent. In the case of an oxo substituent (“═O”) two hydrogen atoms are replaced. “Substituents” within the context of this invention, if not specified, include halogen, hydroxy, oxo, cyano, nitro, amino, alkylamino, dialkylamino, alkyl, alkoxy, thioalkyl, haloalkyl (e.g., —CF₃), hydroxyalkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, arylalkyl, substituted arylalkyl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, substituted heteroarylalkyl, heterocycle, substituted heterocycle, heterocyclealkyl, substituted heterocyclealkyl, —NR_(e)R_(f), —NR_(e)C(═O)R_(f), —NR_(e)C(═O)NR_(e)R_(f), —NR_(e)C(═O)OR_(f)—NReSO₂R_(f), —OR_(e), —C(═O)R_(e)—C(═O)OR_(e), —C(═O)NR_(e)R_(f), —OC(═O)NR_(e)R_(f), —SH, —SR_(e), —SOR_(e), —S(═O)₂R_(e), —OS(═O)₂R_(e), —S(═O)₂OR_(e), wherein R_(e) and R_(f) are the same or different and independently hydrogen, alkyl, haloalkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, arylalkyl, substituted arylalkyl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, substituted heteroarylalkyl, heterocycle, substituted heterocycle, heterocyclealkyl or substituted heterocyclealkyl.

Compounds that have the same molecular formula but differ in the nature or sequence of bonding of their atoms or the arrangement of their atoms in space are termed “isomers”. Isomers that differ in the arrangement of their atoms in space are termed “stereoisomers”. Stereoisomers that are not mirror images of one another are termed “diastereomers” and those that are non-superimposable mirror images of each other are termed “enantiomers”. When a compound has an asymmetric center, for example, it is bonded to four different groups; a pair of enantiomers is possible. An enantiomer can be characterized by the absolute configuration of its asymmetric center and is described by the R— and S— sequencing rules of Cahn and Prelog (Cahn, R., Ingold, C., and Prelog, V. Angew. Chem. 78:413-47, 1966; Angew. Chem. Internat. Ed. Eng. 5:385-415, 511, 1966), or by the manner in which the molecule rotates the plane of polarized light and designated as dextrorotatory or levorotatory (i.e., as (+) or (−)-isomers respectively). A chiral compound can exist as either individual enantiomer or as a mixture thereof. A mixture containing equal proportions of the enantiomers is called a “racemic mixture”.

The compounds of this invention may possess one or more asymmetric centers; such compounds can therefore be produced as individual (R)- or (S)-stereoisomers or as mixtures thereof. Unless indicated otherwise, the description or naming of a particular compound in the specification and claims is intended to include both individual enantiomers and mixtures, racemic or otherwise, thereof. The methods for the determination of stereochemistry and the separation of stereoisomers are well-known in the art (see discussion in Ch. 4 of ADVANCED ORGANIC CHEMISTRY, 4^(th) edition, March, J., John Wiley and Sons, New York City, 1992).

The compounds of the present invention may exhibit the phenomena of tautomerism and structural isomerism. This invention encompasses any tautomeric or structural isomeric form and mixtures thereof which possess the ability to modulate SIK2 activity and is not limited to, any one tautomeric or structural isomeric form.

It is contemplated that a compound of the present invention would be metabolized by enzymes in the body of the organism such as human being to generate a metabolite that can modulate the activity of the protein kinases. Such metabolites are within the scope of the present invention.

A compound of the present invention or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof can be administered as such to a human patient or can be administered in pharmaceutical compositions in which the foregoing materials are mixed with suitable carriers or excipient(s). Techniques for formulation and administration of drugs may be found, for example, in REMINGTON'S PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES, Mack Publishing Co., Easton, Pa., latest edition.

A “pharmaceutical composition” refers to a mixture of one or more of the compounds described herein or pharmaceutically acceptable salts or prodrugs thereof, with other chemical components, such as pharmaceutically acceptable excipients. The purpose of a pharmaceutical composition is to facilitate administration of a compound to an organism.

“Pharmaceutically acceptable excipient” refers to an inert substance added to a pharmaceutical composition to further facilitate administration of a compound. Examples, without limitation, of excipients include calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate, various sugars and types of starch, cellulose derivatives, gelatin, vegetable oils and polyethylene glycols.

“Pharmaceutically acceptable salt” refers to those salts which retain the biological effectiveness and properties of the parent compound. Such salts may include: (1) acid addition salt which is obtained by reaction of the free base of the parent compound with inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, and perchloric acid and the like, or with organic acids such as acetic acid, oxalic acid, (D)- or (L)-malic acid, maleic acid, methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, salicylic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, succinic acid or malonic acid and the like, preferably hydrochloric acid or (L)-malic acid; or (2) salts formed when an acidic proton present in the parent compound either is replaced by a metal ion, e.g., an alkali metal ion, an alkaline earth ion, or an aluminum ion; or coordinates with an organic base such as ethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, tromethamine, N-methylglucamine, and the like.

The compound of the present invention may also act, or be designed to act, as a prodrug. A “prodrug” refers to an agent, which is converted into the parent drug in vivo. Prodrugs are often useful because, in some situations, they may be easier to administer than the parent drug. They may, for instance, be bioavailable by oral administration whereas the parent drug is not. The prodrug may also have improved solubility in pharmaceutical compositions over the parent drug. An example, without limitation, of a prodrug would be a compound of the present invention, which is, administered as an ester (the “prodrug”), phosphate, amide, carbamate, or urea.

“Therapeutically effective amount” refers to that amount of the compound being administered which will relieve to some extent one or more of the symptoms of the disorder being treated. In reference to the treatment of cancer, a therapeutically effective amount refers to that amount which has the effect of: (1) reducing the size of the tumor; (2) inhibiting tumor metastasis; (3) inhibiting tumor growth; and/or (4) relieving one or more symptoms associated with the cancer.

The term “disease”, as used herein, means any disease or other deleterious condition in which a SIK2 is known to play a role. The term “disease” also means those diseases or conditions that are alleviated by treatment with SIK2 modulators. Such conditions include, without limitation, cancer and other hyperproliferative disorders as well as inflammation. In certain embodiments, the cancer is a cancer of colon, breast, stomach, prostate, pancreas, or ovarian tissue.

The term “SIK2 activity-mediated condition” or “disease”, as used herein, means any disease or other deleterious condition in which SIK2 activity is known to play a role. The term “SIK2 activity-mediated condition” also means those diseases or conditions that are alleviated by treatment with a SIK2 inhibitor.

As used herein, “administer” or “administration” refers to the delivery of an inventive compound or of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof or of a pharmaceutical composition containing an inventive compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof of this invention to an organism for the purpose of prevention or treatment of a protein kinase-related disorder.

Suitable routes of administration may include, without limitation, oral, rectal, transmucosal or intestinal administration or intramuscular, subcutaneous, intramedullary, intrathecal, direct intraventricular, intravenous, intravitreal, intraperitoneal, intranasal, or intraocular injections. In certain embodiments, the preferred routes of administration are oral and intravenous. Alternatively, one may administer the compound in a local rather than systemic manner, for example, via injection of the compound directly into a solid tumor, often in a depot or sustained release formulation. Furthermore, one may administer the drug in a targeted drug delivery system, for example, in a liposome coated with tumor-specific antibody. In this way, the liposomes may be targeted to and taken up selectively by the tumor.

Pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention may be manufactured by processes well known in the art, e.g., by means of conventional mixing, dissolving, granulating, dragee-making, levigating, emulsifying, encapsulating, entrapping or lyophilizing processes.

Pharmaceutical compositions for use in accordance with the present invention may be formulated in any conventional manner using one or more physiologically acceptable carriers comprising excipients and auxiliaries which facilitate processing of the active compounds into preparations which can be used pharmaceutically. Proper formulation is dependent upon the route of administration chosen.

For injection, the compounds of the invention may be formulated in aqueous solutions, preferably in physiologically compatible buffers such as Hanks' solution, Ringer's solution, or physiological saline buffer. For transmucosal administration, penetrants appropriate to the barrier to be permeated are used in the formulation. Such penetrants are generally known in the art.

For oral administration, the compounds can be formulated by combining the active compounds with pharmaceutically acceptable carriers well known in the art. Such carriers enable the compounds of the invention to be formulated as tablets, pills, lozenges, dragees, capsules, liquids, gels, syrups, slurries, suspensions and the like, for oral ingestion by a patient. Pharmaceutical preparations for oral use can be made using a solid excipient, optionally grinding the resulting mixture, and processing the mixture of granules, after adding other suitable auxiliaries if desired, to obtain tablets or dragee cores. Useful excipients are, in particular, fillers such as sugars, including lactose, sucrose, mannitol, or sorbitol, cellulose preparations such as, for example, maize starch, wheat starch, rice starch and potato starch and other materials such as gelatin, gum tragacanth, methyl cellulose, hydroxypropylmethyl-cellulose, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, and/or polyvinyl-pyrrolidone (PVP). If desired, disintegrating agents may be added, such as cross-linked polyvinyl pyrrolidone, agar, or alginic acid. A salt such as sodium alginate may also be used.

Dragee cores are provided with suitable coatings. For this purpose, concentrated sugar solutions may be used which may optionally contain gum arabic, talc, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, carbopol gel, polyethylene glycol, and/or titanium dioxide, lacquer solutions, and suitable organic solvents or solvent mixtures. Dyestuffs or pigments may be added to the tablets or dragee coatings for identification or to characterize different combinations of active compound doses.

Pharmaceutical compositions which can be used orally include push-fit capsules made of gelatin, as well as soft, sealed capsules made of gelatin and a plasticizer, such as glycerol or sorbitol. The push-fit capsules can contain the active ingredients in admixture with filler such as lactose, a binder such as starch, and/or a lubricant such as talc or magnesium stearate and, optionally, stabilizers. In soft capsules, the active compounds may be dissolved or suspended in suitable liquids, such as fatty oils, liquid paraffin, or liquid polyethylene glycols. Stabilizers may be added in these formulations, also. Pharmaceutical compositions which may also be used include hard gelatin capsules. The capsules or pills may be packaged into brown glass or plastic bottles to protect the active compound from light. The containers containing the active compound capsule formulation are preferably stored at controlled room temperature (15-30° C.).

For administration by inhalation, the compounds for use according to the present invention may be conveniently delivered in the form of an aerosol spray using a pressurized pack or a nebulizer and a suitable propellant, e.g., without limitation, dichlorodifluoromethane, trichlorofluoromethane, dichlorotetra-fluoroethane or carbon dioxide. In the case of a pressurized aerosol, the dosage unit may be controlled by providing a valve to deliver a metered amount. Capsules and cartridges of, for example, gelatin for use in an inhaler or insufflator may be formulated containing a powder mix of the compound and a suitable powder base such as lactose or starch.

The compounds may also be formulated for parenteral administration, e.g., by bolus injection or continuous infusion. Formulations for injection may be presented in unit dosage form, e.g., in ampoules or in multi-dose containers, with an added preservative. The compositions may take such forms as suspensions, solutions or emulsions in oily or aqueous vehicles, and may contain formulating materials such as suspending, stabilizing and/or dispersing agents.

Pharmaceutical compositions for parenteral administration include aqueous solutions of a water soluble form, such as, without limitation, a salt, of the active compound. Additionally, suspensions of the active compounds may be prepared in a lipophilic vehicle. Suitable lipophilic vehicles include fatty oils such as sesame oil, synthetic fatty acid esters such as ethyl oleate and triglycerides, or materials such as liposomes. Aqueous injection suspensions may contain substances which increase the viscosity of the suspension, such as sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, sorbitol, or dextran. Optionally, the suspension may also contain suitable stabilizers and/or agents that increase the solubility of the compounds to allow for the preparation of highly concentrated solutions.

Alternatively, the active ingredient may be in powder form for constitution with a suitable vehicle, e.g., sterile, pyrogen-free water, before use.

The compounds may also be formulated in rectal compositions such as suppositories or retention enemas, using, e.g., conventional suppository bases such as cocoa butter or other glycerides.

In addition to the formulations described previously, the compounds may also be formulated as depot preparations. Such long acting formulations may be administered by implantation (for example, subcutaneously or intramuscularly) or by intramuscular injection. A compound of this invention may be formulated for this route of administration with suitable polymeric or hydrophobic materials (for instance, in an emulsion with a pharmacologically acceptable oil), with ion exchange resins, or as a sparingly soluble derivative such as, without limitation, a sparingly soluble salt.

A non-limiting example of a pharmaceutical carrier for the hydrophobic compounds of the invention is a cosolvent system comprising benzyl alcohol, a nonpolar surfactant, a water-miscible organic polymer and an aqueous phase such as the VPD cosolvent system. VPD is a solution of 3% w/v benzyl alcohol, 8% w/v of the nonpolar surfactant polysorbate 80, and 65% w/v polyethylene glycol 300, made up to volume in absolute ethanol. The VPD cosolvent system (VPD: D5W) consists of VPD diluted 1:1 with a 5% dextrose in water solution. This cosolvent system dissolves hydrophobic compounds well, and itself produces low toxicity upon systemic administration. Naturally, the proportions of such a cosolvent system may be varied considerably without destroying its solubility and toxicity characteristics. Furthermore, the identity of the cosolvent components may be varied: for example, other low-toxicity nonpolar surfactants may be used instead of polysorbate 80, the fraction size of polyethylene glycol may be varied, other biocompatible polymers may replace polyethylene glycol, e.g., polyvinyl pyrrolidone, and other sugars or polysaccharides may substitute for dextrose.

Alternatively, other delivery systems for hydrophobic pharmaceutical compounds may be employed. Liposomes and emulsions are well known examples of delivery vehicles or carriers for hydrophobic drugs. In addition, certain organic solvents such as dimethylsulfoxide also may be employed, although often at the cost of greater toxicity.

Additionally, the compounds may be delivered using a sustained-release system, such as semipermeable matrices of solid hydrophobic polymers containing the therapeutic agent. Various sustained-release materials have been established and are well known by those skilled in the art. Sustained-release capsules may, depending on their chemical nature, release the compounds for a few weeks up to over 100 days. Depending on the chemical nature and the biological stability of the therapeutic reagent, additional strategies for protein stabilization may be employed.

The pharmaceutical compositions herein also may comprise suitable solid or gel phase carriers or excipients. Examples of such carriers or excipients include, but are not limited to, calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate, various sugars, starches, cellulose derivatives, gelatin, and polymers such as polyethylene glycols.

Many of the SIK2-modulating compounds of the invention may be provided as physiologically acceptable salts wherein the claimed compound may form the negatively or the positively charged species. Examples of salts in which the compound forms the positively charged moiety include, without limitation, quaternary ammonium (defined elsewhere herein), salts such as the hydrochloride, sulfate, carbonate, lactate, tartrate, malate, maleate, succinate wherein the nitrogen atom of the quaternary ammonium group is a nitrogen of the selected compound of this invention which has reacted with the appropriate acid. Salts in which a compound of this invention forms the negatively charged species include, without limitation, the sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium salts formed by the reaction of a carboxylic acid group in the compound with an appropriate base (e.g. sodium hydroxide (NaOH), potassium hydroxide (KOH), calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂), etc.).

Pharmaceutical compositions suitable for use in the present invention include compositions wherein the active ingredients are contained in an amount sufficient to achieve the intended purpose, e.g., the modulation of protein kinase activity and/or the treatment or prevention of a protein kinase-related disorder.

More specifically, a therapeutically effective amount means an amount of compound effective to prevent, alleviate or ameliorate symptoms of disease or prolong the survival of the subject being treated.

Determination of a therapeutically effective amount is well within the capability of those skilled in the art, especially in light of the detailed disclosure provided herein.

For any compound used in the methods of the invention, the therapeutically effective amount or dose can be estimated initially from cell culture assays. Then, the dosage can be formulated for use in animal models so as to achieve a circulating concentration range that includes the IC₅₀ as determined in cell culture (i.e., the concentration of the test compound which achieves a half-maximal inhibition of the SIK2, or surrogate marker activity). Such information can then be used to more accurately determine useful doses in humans.

Toxicity and therapeutic efficacy of the compounds described herein can be determined by standard pharmaceutical procedures in cell cultures or experimental animals, e.g., by determining the IC₅₀ and the LD₅₀ (both of which are discussed elsewhere herein) for a subject compound. The data obtained from these cell culture assays and animal studies can be used in formulating a range of dosage for use in humans. The dosage may vary depending upon the dosage form employed and the route of administration utilized. The exact formulation, route of administration and dosage can be chosen by the individual physician in view of the patient's condition. (See, e.g., GOODMAN & GILMAN'S THE PHARMACOLOGICAL BASIS OF THERAPEUTICS, Ch. 3, 9^(th) ed., Ed. by Hardman, J., and Limbard, L., McGraw-Hill, New York City, 1996, p. 46.)

Dosage amount and interval may be adjusted individually to provide plasma levels of the active species which are sufficient to maintain the kinase modulating effects. These plasma levels are referred to as minimal effective concentrations (MECs). The MEC will vary for each compound but can be estimated from in vitro data, e.g., the concentration necessary to achieve 50-90% inhibition of SIK2, or surrogate marker may be ascertained using the assays described herein. Dosages necessary to achieve the MEC will depend on individual characteristics and route of administration. HPLC assays or bioassays can be used to determine plasma concentrations.

Dosage intervals can also be determined using MEC value. Compounds should be administered using a regimen that maintains plasma levels above the MEC for 10-90% of the time, preferably between 30-90% and most preferably between 50-90%.

At present, the therapeutically effective amounts of compounds of the present invention may range from approximately 2.5 mg/m² to 1500 mg/m² per day. Additional illustrative amounts range from 0.2-1000 mg/qid, 2-500 mg/qid, and 20-250 mg/qid.

In cases of local administration or selective uptake, the effective local concentration of the drug may not be related to plasma concentration, and other procedures known in the art may be employed to determine the correct dosage amount and interval.

The amount of a composition administered will, of course, be dependent on the subject being treated, the severity of the affliction, the manner of administration, the judgment of the prescribing physician, etc.

The compositions may, if desired, be presented in a pack or dispenser device, such as an FDA approved kit, which may contain one or more unit dosage forms containing the active ingredient. The pack may for example comprise metal or plastic foil, such as a blister pack. The pack or dispenser device may be accompanied by instructions for administration. The pack or dispenser may also be accompanied by a notice associated with the container in a form prescribed by a governmental agency regulating the manufacture, use or sale of pharmaceuticals, which notice is reflective of approval by the agency of the form of the compositions or of human or veterinary administration. Such notice, for example, may be of the labeling approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for prescription drugs or of an approved product insert. Compositions comprising a compound of the invention formulated in a compatible pharmaceutical carrier may also be prepared, placed in an appropriate container, and labeled for treatment of an indicated condition. Suitable conditions indicated on the label may include treatment of a tumor, inhibition of angiogenesis, treatment of fibrosis, diabetes, and the like.

As mentioned above, the compounds and compositions of the invention will find utility in a broad range of diseases and conditions mediated by protein kinases, including diseases and conditions mediated by SIK2 activity. Such diseases may include by way of example and not limitation, cancers such as lung cancer, NSCLC (non small cell lung cancer), oat-cell cancer, bone cancer, pancreatic cancer, skin cancer, dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, cancer of the head and neck, cutaneous or intraocular melanoma, uterine cancer, ovarian cancer, colo-rectal cancer, cancer of the anal region, stomach cancer, colon cancer, breast cancer, gynecologic tumors (e.g., uterine sarcomas, carcinoma of the fallopian tubes, carcinoma of the endometrium, carcinoma of the cervix, carcinoma of the vagina or carcinoma of the vulva), Hodgkin's Disease, hepatocellular cancer, cancer of the esophagus, cancer of the small intestine, cancer of the endocrine system (e.g., cancer of the thyroid, pancreas, parathyroid or adrenal glands), sarcomas of soft tissues, cancer of the urethra, cancer of the penis, prostate cancer (particularly hormone-refractory), chronic or acute leukemia, solid tumors of childhood, hypereosinophilia, lymphocytic lymphomas, cancer of the bladder, cancer of the kidney or ureter (e.g., renal cell carcinoma, carcinoma of the renal pelvis), pediatric malignancy, neoplasms of the central nervous system (e.g., primary CNS lymphoma, spinal axis tumors, medulloblastoma, brain stem gliomas or pituitary adenomas), Barrett's esophagus (pre-malignant syndrome), neoplastic cutaneous disease, psoriasis, mycoses fungoides, and benign prostatic hypertrophy, diabetes related diseases such as diabetic retinopathy, retinal ischemia, and retinal neovascularization, hepatic cirrhosis, angiogenesis, cardiovascular disease such as atherosclerosis, immunological disease such as autoimmune disease and renal disease.

The inventive compound can be used in combination with one or more other chemotherapeutic agents. The dosage of the inventive compounds may be adjusted for any drug-drug reaction. In one embodiment, the chemotherapeutic agent is selected from the group consisting of mitotic inhibitors, alkylating agents, anti-metabolites, cell cycle inhibitors, enzymes, topoisomerase inhibitors such as CAMPTOSAR (irinotecan), biological response modifiers, anti-hormones, antiangiogenic agents such as MMP-2, MMP-9 and COX-2 inhibitors, anti-androgens, platinum coordination complexes (cisplatin, etc.), substituted ureas such as hydroxyurea; methylhydrazine derivatives, e.g., procarbazine; adrenocortical suppressants, e.g., mitotane, aminoglutethimide, hormone and hormone antagonists such as the adrenocorticosteriods (e.g., prednisone), progestins (e.g., hydroxyprogesterone caproate), estrogens (e.g., diethylstilbesterol), antiestrogens such as tamoxifen, androgens, e.g., testosterone propionate, and aromatase inhibitors, such as anastrozole, and AROMASIN (exemestane).

Examples of alkylating agents that the above method can be carried out in combination with include, without limitation, fluorouracil (5-FU) alone or in further combination with leukovorin; other pyrimidine analogs such as UFT, capecitabine, gemcitabine and cytarabine, the alkyl sulfonates, e.g., busulfan (used in the treatment of chronic granulocytic leukemia), improsulfan and piposulfan; aziridines, e.g., benzodepa, carboquone, meturedepa and uredepa; ethyleneimines and methylmelamines, e.g., altretamine, triethylenemelamine, triethylenephosphoramide, triethylenethiophosphoramide and trimethylolmelamine; and the nitrogen mustards, e.g., chlorambucil (used in the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia, primary macroglobulinemia and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma), cyclophosphamide (used in the treatment of Hodgkin's disease, multiple myeloma, neuroblastoma, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, lung cancer, Wilm's tumor and rhabdomyosarcoma), estramustine, ifosfamide, novembrichin, prednimustine and uracil mustard (used in the treatment of primary thrombocytosis, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, Hodgkin's disease and ovarian cancer); and triazines, e.g., dacarbazine (used in the treatment of soft tissue sarcoma).

Examples of antimetabolite chemotherapeutic agents that the above method can be carried out in combination with include, without limitation, folic acid analogs, e.g., methotrexate (used in the treatment of acute lymphocytic leukemia, choriocarcinoma, mycosis fungiodes, breast cancer, head and neck cancer and osteogenic sarcoma) and pteropterin; and the purine analogs such as mercaptopurine and thioguanine which find use in the treatment of acute granulocytic, acute lymphocytic and chronic granulocytic leukemias.

Examples of natural product-based chemotherapeutic agents that the above method can be carried out in combination with include, without limitation, the vinca alkaloids, e.g., vinblastine (used in the treatment of breast and testicular cancer), vincristine and vindesine; the epipodophyllotoxins, e.g., etoposide and teniposide, both of which are useful in the treatment of testicular cancer and Kaposi's sarcoma; the antibiotic chemotherapeutic agents, e.g., daunorubicin, doxorubicin, epirubicin, mitomycin (used to treat stomach, cervix, colon, breast, bladder and pancreatic cancer), dactinomycin, temozolomide, plicamycin, bleomycin (used in the treatment of skin, esophagus and genitourinary tract cancer); and the enzymatic chemotherapeutic agents such as L-asparaginase.

An inventive compound can also be used with other signal transduction inhibitors, such as agents that can inhibit EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) responses, such as EGFR antibodies, EGF antibodies, and molecules that are EGFR inhibitors; VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) inhibitors; and erbB2 receptor inhibitors, such as organic molecules or antibodies that bind to the erbB2 receptor, such as HERCEPTIN (Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, Calif.). EGFR inhibitors are described in, for example in WO 95/19970, WO 98/14451, WO 98/02434, and U.S. Pat. No. 5,747,498 and such substances can be used in the present invention as described herein.

EGFR-inhibiting agents include, but are not limited to, the monoclonal antibodies C225 and anti-EGFR 22Mab (ImClone Systems, Inc., New York, N.Y.), the compounds erlotinib (OSI Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Melville, N.Y.), ZD-1839 (AstraZeneca), BIBX-1382 (Boehringer Ingelheim), MDX-447 (Medarex Inc., Annandale, N.J.), and OLX-103 (Merck & Co., Whitehouse Station, N.J.), and EGF fusion toxin (Seragen Inc., Hopkinton, Mass.).

These and other EGFR-inhibiting agents can be used in the present invention. VEGF inhibitors, for example SU-5416 and SU-6668 (Sugen Inc., South San Francisco, Calif.), can also be combined with an inventive compound. VEGF inhibitors are described in, for example, WO 01/60814 A3, WO 99/24440, PCT International Application PCT/IB99/00797, WO 95/21613, WO 99/61422, U.S. Pat. No. 5,834,504, WO 01/60814, WO 98/50356, U.S. Pat. No. 5,883,113, U.S. Pat. No. 5,886,020, U.S. Pat. No. 5,792,783, WO 99/10349, WO 97/32856, WO 97/22596, WO 98/54093, WO 98/02438, WO 99/16755, and WO 98/02437, all of which are incorporated herein in their entireties by reference. Other examples of some specific VEGF inhibitors useful in the present invention are IM862 (Cytran Inc., Kirkland, Wash.); anti-VEGF monoclonal antibody of Genentech, Inc.; and angiozyme, a synthetic ribozyme from Ribozyme (Boulder, Colo.) and Chiron (Emeryville, Calif.). These and other VEGF inhibitors can be used in the present invention as described herein. Further, pErbB2 receptor inhibitors, such as GW-282974 (Glaxo Wellcome plc), and the monoclonal antibodies AR-209 (Aronex Pharmaceuticals Inc., The Woodlands, Tex.) and 2B-1 (Chiron), can furthermore be combined with an inventive compound, for example, those indicated in WO 98/02434, WO 99/35146, WO 99/35132, WO 98/02437, WO 97/13760, WO 95/19970, U.S. Pat. No. 5,587,458 and U.S. Pat. No. 5,877,305, which are all hereby incorporated herein in their entireties by reference. ErbB2 receptor inhibitors useful in the present invention are also described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,284,764, incorporated in its entirety herein by reference. The erbB2 receptor inhibitor compounds and substance described in the aforementioned PCT applications, U.S. patents, and U.S. provisional applications, as well as other compounds and substances that inhibit the erbB2 receptor, can be used with an inventive compound, in accordance with the present invention.

An inventive compound can also be used with other agents useful in treating cancer, including, but not limited to, agents capable of enhancing antitumor immune responses, such as CTLA4 (cytotoxic lymphocyte antigen 4) antibodies, and other agents capable of blocking CTLA4; and anti-proliferative agents such as other farnesyl protein transferase inhibitors, for example the farnesyl protein transferase inhibitors described in the references cited in the “Background” section, of U.S. Pat. No. 6,258,824 B1.

The above method can also be carried out in combination with radiation therapy, wherein the amount of an inventive compound in combination with the radiation therapy is effective in treating the above diseases. Techniques for administering radiation therapy are known in the art, and these techniques can be used in the combination therapy described herein. The administration of the compound of the invention in this combination therapy can be determined as described herein.

The invention will be further understood upon consideration of the following non-limiting Examples. In other aspects or embodiments are included any of the compounds in Table 1, Tables 2, 2A, 2B, and Table 3 that fall with in the scope of any of the embodiments described above of the compounds of Formula I, IA and IB, or pharmaceuticals acceptable salts thereof.

TABLE 1 List of Examples EX. Structure Chemical Name Mol. Wt 1

3-(2-methoxyphenyl)-4-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H- pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 307.2 2

3-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-4-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H- pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine 312.8 3

3-(4-chloro-2-fluorophenyl)-4-(thiophen-3- yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine 329.78 4

3-(4-fluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-4-(thiophen- 3-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine 325.36 5

3-(2-ethoxyphenyl)-4-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H- pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine 321.40 6

3-(4-chloro-2-methoxyphenyl)-4-(thiophen- 3-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine 341.81 7

3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H- pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine 307.37 8

4-(thiophen-3-yl)-3-(2- (trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4- b]pyridine 345.34 9

3-(2-fluorophenyl)-4-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H- pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine 295.33 10

3-(2-chloro-3-fluorophenyl)-4-(thiophen-3- yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine 329.78 11

3-(4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)phenyl)-4- (thiophen-3-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine 375.49 12

2,2,2-trifluoro-1-(4-(4-(4-(thiophen-3-yl)- 1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-3- yl)phenyl)piperazin-1-yl)ethanone 457.47 13

4-(3-(2-chloro-3-fluorophenyl)-1H- pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-4-yl)-2- methylthiazole 344.79 14

4-(3-(4-chloro-2-methoxyphenyl)-1H- pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-4-yl)-2- methylthiazole 356.83 15

4-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4- b]pyridine 201.25 16

3-fluoro-4-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4- b]pyridine 219.24 17

3-(2-methoxyphenyl)-4-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H- pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 306.382 18

3-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-4-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H- pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 312.337 19

4-(2-methoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3- b]pyridine 224.258 20

4-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 200.260 21

4-(thiophen-3-yl)-3-(2- (trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3- b]pyridine 344.354 22

3-(2-fluorophenyl)-4-(thiophcn-3-yl)-1H- pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 294.346 23

3-(2-chloro-3-fluorophenyl)-4-(thiophen-3- yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 328.791 24

3-(4-chloro-2-methoxyphenyl)-4-(thiophen- 3-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 340.827 25

3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H- pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 306.382 26

3-(2-ethoxyphenyl)-4-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H- pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 320.408 27

3-(4-chloro-2-fluorophenyl)-4-(thiophen-3- yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 328.791 28

3-(4-fluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-4-(thiophen- 3-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 324.372 29

4-chloro-3-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3- b]pyridine 234.705 30

4-(2-methoxyphenyl)-3-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H- pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 306.382 31

3-(2-methoxyphenyl)-4-(5-methylthiophen- 2-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 320.408 32

3-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-4-(5-methylthiophen- 2-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 326.363 33

3-(4-chloro-2-methoxyphenyl)-4-(5- methylthiophen-2-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3- b]pyridine 354.853 34

4-(5-methylthiophen-2-yl)-3-(2- (trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3- b]pyridine 358.380 35

3-(2-fluorophenyl)-4-(5-methylthiophen-2- yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 308.373 36

3-(2-methoxypyridin-3-yl)-4-(thiophen-3-yl)- 1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 307.370 37

4-(3-(4-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3- b]pyridin-3-yl)pyridin-2-yl)morpholine 362.448 38

3-(2-chloro-3-fluorophenyl)-4-(5- methylthiophen-2-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3- pyridine 342.818 39

3-(4-chloro-2-fluorophenyl)-4-(5- methylthiophen-2-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3- b]pyridine 342.818 40

3-(4-fluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-4-(5- methylthiophen-2-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3- b]pyridine 338.399 41

3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-(5-methylthiophen- 2-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 320.408 42

3-(2-ethoxyphenyl)-4-(5-methylthiophen-2- yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 334.435 43

3-(2-methoxypyridin-3-yl)-4-(3- methylthiophen-2-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3- b]pyridine 321.396 44

4-(3-(4-(3-methylthiophen-2-yl)-1H- pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-3-yl)pyridin-2- yl)morpholine 376.475 45

4-(5-chlorothiophen-2-yl)-3-(2- methoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 340.827 46

4-(5-chlorothiophen-2-yl)-3-(4- methoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 340.827 47

3-(3-chlorophenyl)-4-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H- pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 310.801 48

3-(3-chlorophenyl)-4-(5-methylthiophen-3- yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 324.827 49

3-(3-chlorophenyl)-4-(5-chlorothiophen-3- yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 345.246 50

4-(5-chlorothiophen-3-yl)-3-(2,4- difluorophenyl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 346.782 51

3-(4-chloro-2-methoxyphenyl)-4-(5- chlorothiophen-3-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3 b]pyridine 375.272 52

4-(5-chlorothiophen-3-yl)-3-(2- (trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3- b]pyridine 378.799 53

4-(5-chlorothiophen-3-yl)-3-(2- fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 328.791 54

3-(2-chloro-3-fluorophenyl)-4-(5- chlorothiophen-3-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3- b]pyridine 363.236 55

3-(4-chloro-2-fluorophenyl)-4-(5- chlorothiophen-3-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3- b]pyridine 363.236 56

4-(5-chlorothiophen-3-yl)-3-(4-fluoro-2- methoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 358.817 57

4-(5-chlorothiophen-3-yl)-3-(2- ethoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 354.853 58

3-(2-methoxyphenyl)-4-(5-methylthiophen- 2-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine 321.396 59

3-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-4-(5-methylthiophen- 2-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine 327.351 60

3-(4-chloro-2-fluorophenyl)-4-(5- methylthiophen-2-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4- b]pyridine 343.806 61

3-(4-fluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-4-(5- methylthiophen-2-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4- b]pyridine 339.387 62

3-(2-ethoxyphenyl)-4-(5-methylthiophen-2- yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine 335.423 63

3-(4-chloro-2-methoxyphenyl)-4-(5- methylthiophen-2-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4- b]pyridine 355.841 64

3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-(5-methylthiophen- 2-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine 321.396 65

4-(5-methylthiophen-2-yl)-3-(2- (trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4- b]pyridine 359.368 66

3-(2-fluorophenyl)-4-(5-methylthiophen-2- yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine 309.361 67

3-(2-chloro-3-fluorophenyl)-4-(5- methylthiophen-2-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4- b]pyridine 343.806 68

3-(3-chlorophenyl)-4-(5-methylthiophen-2- yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine 325.815 69

3-(2-methoxypyridin-3-yl)-4-(5- methylthiophen-2-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4- b]pyridine 322.384 70

4-(3-(4-( 5-methylthiophen-2-yl)-1H- pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-3-yl)pyridin-2- yl)morpholine 377.463 71

4-(5-chlorothiophen-2-yl)-3-(2- methoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine 341.815 72

4-(5-chlorothiophen-2-yl)-3-(2,4- difluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine 347.770 73

3-(4-chloro-2-fluorophenyl)-4-(5- chlorothiophen-2-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4- b]pyridine 364.224 74

4-(5-chlorothiophen-2-yl)-3-(4-fluoro-2- methoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine 359.805 75

4-(5-chlorothiophen-2-yl)-3-(2- ethoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine 355.841 76

3-(4-chloro-2-methoxyphenyl)-4-(5- chlorothiophen-2-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4- b]pyridine 376.260 77

4-(5-chlorothiophen-2-yl)-3-(4- methoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine 341.815 78

4-(5-chlorothiophen-2-yl)-3-(2- (trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4- b]pyridine 379.787 79

4-(5-chlorothiophen-2-yl)-3-(2- fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine 329.779 80

3-(2-chloro-3-fluorophenyl)-4-(5- chlorothiophen-2-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4- b]pyridine 364.224 81

3-(3-chlorophenyl)-4-(5-chlorothiophen-2- yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine 346.234 82

3-(2-methoxypyridin-3-yl)-4-(5- methylthiophen-2-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4- b]pyridine 322.384 83

4-(3-(4-(5-chlorothiophen-2-yl)-1H- pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-3-yl)pyridin-2- yl)morpholine 397.881 84

3-(2-methoxyphenyl)-4-(4-methylthiophen- 2-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 320.408 85

4-((5-(3-(2-methoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3- b]pyridin-4-yl)thiophen-2- yl)methyl)morpholine 405.513 86

3-(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4-(thiophen-3-yl)- 1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 336.408 87

3-(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4-(thiophen-3-yl)- 1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine 337.396 88

N-(4-fluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-4-(thiophen- 3-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-3-amine 339.387 89

N,N-dimethyl-2-((4-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H- pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-3- yl)amino)benzenesulfonamide 398.502 90

N,N-dimethyl-3-(4-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H- pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-3- yl)benzenesulfonamide 383.487 91

N-(tert-butyl)-N-methyl-3-(4-(thiophen-3- yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-3- yl)benzenesulfonamide 425.567 92

N,N-dimethyl-4-(4-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H- pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-3- yl)benzenesulfonamide 383.487 93

N,N-diethyl-3-(4-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H- pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-3- yl)benzenesulfonamide 411.540 94

N,N-dimethyl-2-(4-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H- pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-3- yl)benzenesulfonamide 383.487 95

N,N-diethyl-2-(4-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H- pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-3- yl)benzenesulfonamide 411.540 96

3-(4-(azetidin-1-ylsulfonyl)phenyl)-4- (thiophen-3-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 395.498 97

3-(3-(pyrrolidin-1-ylsulfonyl)phenyl)-4- (thiophen-3-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 409.524 98

3-(4-(pyrrolidin-1-ylsulfonyl)phenyl)-4- (thiophen-3-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 409.524 99

4-(thiophen-3-yl)-3-(2- (trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3- b]pyridine 360.353 100

3-(2-fluoro-4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)-4- (thiophen-3-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 378.343 101

3-(2-6-dimethoxypyridin-3-yl)-4-(thiophen- 3-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 337.396 102

3-(2-methoxypyridin-3-yl)-4-(3- methylthiophen-2-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3- b]pyridine 321.396 103

4-(3,3-difluoroazetidin-1-yl)-3-(2- methoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 315.317 104

4-(2-methoxyazetidin-1-yl)-3-(2- methoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 309.362 105

3-(2-methoxyphenyl)-4-(4- (methylsulfonyl)piperazin-1-yl)-1H- pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 386.468 106

3-(2-methoxyazetidin-1-yl)-4-(thiophen-3- yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 285.364 107

3-(4-(methylsulfonyl)piperazin-1-yl)-4- (thiophen-3-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 362.470 108

3-(2-methoxyphenyl)-4-(3-methylthiophen- 2-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 320.408 109

3-methoxy-N,N-dimethyl-4-((4-(thiophen-3- yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-3- yl)amino)benzenesulfonamide 428.528 110

4-methoxy-N,N-dimethyl-3-((4-(thiophen-3- yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-3- yl)amino)benzenesulfonamide 428.528 111

N-(4-chloro-3-(morpholinosulfonyl)phenyl)- 4-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin- 3-amine 474.984 112

N-(2-methoxy-5- (morpholinosulfonyl)phenyl)-4-(thiophen-3- yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-3-amine 470.564 113

3-(2-methoxyphenyl)-5-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H- pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 306.382 114

3-(2-chloro-3-fluorophenyl)-5-(thiophen-3- yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 328.791 115

3-(2-methoxyphenyl)-5-(5-methylfuran-2- yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 304.343 116

3-(2-chloro-3-fluorophenyl)-4-(5- methylfuran-2-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 326.752 117

2-fluoro-6-(4-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H- pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-3-yl)phenol 310.345 118

2-(4-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3- b]pyridin-3-yl)phenol 292.355 119

2,4-difluoro-6-(4-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H- pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-3-yl)phenol 328.336 120

3-(3-fluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-4-(thiophen- 3-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 324.372 121

3-(3,5-difluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-4- (thiophen-3-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 342.362 122

2-fluoro-6-(5-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H- pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-3-yl)phenol 310.345 123

2-(5-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3- b]pyridin-3-yl)phenol 292.355 124

2,4-difluoro-6-(5-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H- pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-3-yl)phenol 328.336 125

3-(3-fluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-5-(thiophen- 3-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 324.372 126

3-(3,5-difluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-5- (thiophen-3-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 342.362 127

2-fluoro-6-(4-(5-methylfuran-2-yl)-1H- pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-3-yl)phenol 308.306 128

2-fluoro-6-(5-(5-mrthylfuran-2-yl)-1H- pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-3-yl)phenol 308.306 129

3-(2-chloro-3-fluorophenyl)-5-(5- methylfuran-2-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 326.752 130

3-(2-chloro-3-fluorophenyl)-5-(5- methylthiophen-2-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3- b]pyridine 342.818 131

3-(2-chloro-3-fluorophenyl)-5-(4- methylthiophen-2-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3- b]pyridine 342.818 132

5-(3-(2-chloro-3-fluorophenyl)-1H- pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-5-yl)thiophene-2- carbonitrile 353.801 133

4-((5-(3-(2-chloro-3-fluorophenyl)-1H- pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-5-yl)thiophen-2- yl)methyl)morpholine 427.922 134

5-chloro-N-(3-(2-chloro-3-fluorophenyl)-1H- pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-5-yl)-4-methylthiazol- 2-amine 393.265 135

3-(3-(2-chloro-3-fluorophenyl)-1H- pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-5-yl)-N,N- dimethylbenzenesulfonamide 429.895 136

3-(3,3-difluoroazetidin-1-yl)-5-(thiophen-3- yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 291.319 137

5-(3-(2-chloro-3-fluorophenyl)-1H- pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-5-yl)-2-methylthiazole 343.806 138

3-(3-chloro-2-fluorophenyl)-5-(thiophen-3- yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 328.791 139

3-(2-chlorophenyl)-5-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H- pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 310.801 140

3-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-5-(thiophen-3- yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 328.791 141

3-(2-chloro-3-fluoropyridin-4-yl)-5- (thiophen-3-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 329.779 142

4-((5-(3-(3-fluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-1H- pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-5-yl)thiophen-2- yl)methyl)morpholine 423.503 143

4-((5-(3-(3,5-difluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-1H- pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-5-yl)thiophen-2- yl)methyl)morpholine 441.494 144

4-(5-(3-(3-fluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-1H- pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-5-yl)thiophen-2- yl)morpholine 409.477 145

4-(5-(3-(3,5-difluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-1H- pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-5-yl)thiophen-2- yl)morpholine 427.467 146

3-(3-fluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-5-(5-(4- methylpiperazin-1-yl)thiophen-2-yl)-1H- pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 422.518 147

3-(3,5-difluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-5-(5-(4- methylpiperazin-1-yl)thiophen-2-yl)-1H- pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 440.509 148

5-(5-chlorothiophen-2-yl)-3-(3-fluoro-2- methoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 358.817

TABLE 2 List of further Examples: Mol. EX. Structure Chemical Name Wt 149

N-(3-fluoro-4-(4-methylpiperazin-1- yl)phenyl)-4-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H- pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-3-amine 408.50 150

N-(4-((4-methy lpiperazin-1- yl)methyl)phenyl)-4-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H- pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-3-amine 404.53 151

3-(2-methoxyphenyl)-4-(4-(pyrrolidin-1- ylsulfonyl)phenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4- b]pyridine 434.52 152

N-(2,2-difluorocyclopropyl)-4-(thiophen-3- yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-3-amine 292.31 153

4-(4-fluoro-3-(4-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H- pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-3- yl)phenyl)morpholine 380.44 154

4-(6-fluoro-5-(4-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H- pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-3-yl)pyridin-3- yl)morpholine 381.43 155

3-(2-fluoro-5-(4-methylpiperazin-1- yl)phenyl)-4-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H- pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine 393.48 156

3-(2-fluoro-5-(4-methylpiperazin-1- yl)pyridin-3-yl)-4-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H- pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine 394.47 157

N-(3-morpholinophenyl)-4-(thiophen-3-yl)- 1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-3-amine 377.46 158

N-(3-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)phenyl)-4- (thiophen-3-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin- 3-amine 390.50 159

4-(3-(4-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4- b]pyridin-3-yl)-4- (trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)morpholine 446.45 160

3-(5-(4-methylpiperazin-l-yl)-2- (trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)-4-(thiophen-3- yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine 459.49 161

4-(3-(2-methoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4- b]pyridin-4-yl)-2-methylthiazole 322.38 162

4-(2-methoxy-5-(4-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H- pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-3- yl)phenyl)morpholine 392.47 163

3-(4-methoxy-3-(4-methylpiperazin-1- yl)phenyl)-4-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H- pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine 405.52 164

3-(3-chlorophenyl)-4-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H- pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine 311.79 165

4-(2-methoxy-5-(4-(2-methylthiazol-4-yl)- 1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-3 - yl)phenyl)morpholine 407.49 166

4-(3-(4-methoxy-3-(4-methylpiperazin-1- yl)phenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-4-yl)- 2-methylthiazole 420.53 167

5-(5-chlorothiophen-2-yl)-3-(3,5-difluoro-2- methoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 376.80 168

3-(3-fluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-5-(5- methylfuran-2-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3- b]pyridine 322.33 169

3-(3,5-difluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-5-(5- methylfuran-2-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3- b]pyridine 340.32 170

4-(4-fluoro-2-methoxy-3-(5-(thiophen-3- yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-3- yl)phenyl)morpholine 409.47 171

3-(6-fluoro-2-methoxy-3-(4- methylpiperazin-1-yl)phenyl)-5-(thiophen- 3-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 422.51 172

4-(4-fluoro-2-methoxy-3-(5-(5- methylfuran-2-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3- b]pyridin-3-yl)phenyl)morpholine 407.43 173

3-(6-fluoro-2-methoxy-3-(4- methylpiperazin-l-yl)phenyl)-5-(5- methylfuran-2-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3- b]pyridine 420.47 174

3-(3-fluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-5-(5- (pyrrolidin-1-ylmethyl)thiophen-2-yl)-1H- pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 407.50 175

3-(3-fluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-5-(5- (piperidin-1-ylmethyl)thiophen-2-yl)-1H- pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 421.53 176

4-(5-(3-(3-fluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-1H- pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-5-yl)thiazol-2- yl)morpholine 410.46 177

3-(3,5-difluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-5-(5- (pyrrolidin-1-ylmethyl)thiophen-2-yl)-1H- pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 425.49 178

3-(3,5-difluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-5-(5- (piperidin-1-ylmethyl)thiophen-2-yl)-1H- pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 439.51 179

4-(5-(3-(3,5-difluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)- 1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-5-yl)thiazol-2- yl)morpholine 428.45 180

N-(tert-butyl)-3-(3-(3-fluoro-2- methoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin- 5-yl)-N-methylbenzenesulfonamide 467.55 181

N-(tert-butyl)-3-(3-(3,5-difluoro-2- methoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin- 5-yl)-N-methylbenzenesulfonamide 485.54 182

3-(3-fluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-5-(3- (pyrrolidin-1-ylsulfonyl)phenyl)-1H- pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 451.51 183

3-(3,5-difluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-5-(3- (pyrrolidin-1-ylsulfonyl)phenyl)-1H- pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 469.50 184

3-(3-(3-fluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-1H- pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-5-yl)-N,N- dimethylbenzenesulfonamide 425.76 185

3-(3-(3,5-difluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-1H- pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-5-yl)-N,N- dimethylbenzenesulfonamide 443.46 186

N-(3-chloro-4-morpholinophenyl)-3-(3- fluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3- b]pyridin-5-amine 452.90 187

N-(3-chloro-4-morpholinophenyl)-3-(3,5- difluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3- b]pyridin-5-amine 470.89 188

3-(3-fluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-N-(3-fluoro- 4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)phenyl)-1H- pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-5-amine 449.49 189

3-(3,5-difluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-N-(3- fluoro-4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)phenyl)- 1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-5-amine 467.48 190

3-(3-fluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-5-(1- (piperidin-4-yl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H- pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 391.44 191

3-(3,5-difluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-5-(1- (piperidin-4-yl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H- pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 409.43 192

2-(5-(5-(morpholinomethyl)thiophen-2-yl)- 1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-3-yl)phenol 391.486 193

2-fluoro-6-(5-(5- (morpholinomethyl)thiophen-2-yl)-1H- pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-3-yl)phenol 409.477 194

4-((5-(3-(2,2-difluorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol- 4-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-5- yl)thiophen-2-yl)methyl)morpholine 455.457 195

4-(5-(3-(2,2-difluorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-4- yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-5-yl)thiazol-2- yl)morpholine 442.439

TABLE 2A List of further Examples: Mol. EX. Structure Chemical Name Wt 196

N-(tert-butyl)-3-(3-(2,2- difluorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-4-yl)- 1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-5-yl)-N- methylbenzenesulfonamide 499.43 197

3-(2,2-difluorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol- 4-yl)-5-(5-(pyrrolidin-1- ylmethyl)thiophen-2-yl)-1H- pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 439.47 198

3-(2,2-difluorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol- 4-yl)-5-(5-(piperidin-1- ylmethyl)thiophen-2-yl)-1H- pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 453.50 199

4-(4-(3-(2,2- difluorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-4-yl)- 1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-5- yl)thiazol-2-yl)morpholine 442.43 200

4-((5-(3-(2,2- difluorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)- 1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-5- yl)thiophen-2-yl)methyl)morpholine 455.47 201

4-(5-(3-(2,2- difluorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)- 1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-5- yl)thiazol-2-yl)morpholine 442.43 202

N-(tert-butyl)-3-(3-(2,2- difluorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)- 1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-5-yl)-N- methylbenzenesulfonamide 499.53 203

3-(2,2-difluorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol- 5-yl)-5-(5-(pyrrolidin-1- ylmethyl)thiophen-2-yl)-1H- pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 439.47 204

3-(2,2-difluorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol- 5-yl)-5-(5-(piperidin-1- ylmethyl)thiophen-2-yl)-1H- pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 453.50 205

4-(4-(3-(2,2- difluorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)- 1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-5- yl)thiazol-2-yl)morpholine 442.43 206

3-(2,2-difluorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol- 5-yl)-5-(1-(piperidin-4-yl)-1H- pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3- b]pyridine 423.41 207

4-(4-(3-(3-fluoro-2- methoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3- b]pyridin-5-yl)thiazol-2- yl)morpholine 410.46 208

4-(4-(3-(3,5-difluoro-2- methoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3- b]pyridin-5-yl)thiazol-2- yl)morpholine 428.45 209

3-(2,2-difluorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol- 4-yl)-5-(1-(piperidin-4-yl)-1H- pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3- b]pyridine 423.41 210

(2,6-difluorophenyl)(5-(1- (piperidin-4-yl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)- 1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-3- yl)methanone 407.41 211

3-(3,5-difluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)- 5-(1-((4-methylpiperazin-1- yl)sulfonyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H- pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 488.51 212

3-(3,5-difluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)- 5-(1-(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)-1H- pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3- b]pyridine 423.45 213

(2,6-difluorophenyl)(5-(2- morpholinothiazol-5-yl)-1H- pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-3- yl)methanone 426.43 214

3-(3,5-difluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)- 5-(1-(1-(methylsulfonyl)piperidin-4- yl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H- pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 487.52 215

3-(3,5-difluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)- 5-(1-(1-(ethylsulfonyl)piperidin-4- yl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H- pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 501.54 216

3-(3,5-difluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)- 5-(1-(1-(propylsulfonyl)piperidin-4- yl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H- pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 515.57 217

3-(3,5-difluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)- 5-(4-(4-(methylsulfonyl)piperazin- 1-yl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-1H- pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 488.51 218

2-(4-(1-(3-(3,5-difluoro-2- methoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3 - b]pyridin-5-yl)-1H-pyrazol-4- yl)piperazin-1-yl)ethanol 454.47 219

3-(2,2-difluorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol- 5-yl)-5-(1-((4-methylpiperazin-1- yl)sulfonyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H- pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 502.49 220

3-(2,2-difluorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol- 5-yl)-5-(1-(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)- 1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3- b]pyridine 437.44 221

3-(2,2-difluorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol- 5-yl)-5-(1-(1- (methylsulfonyl)piperidin-4-yl)-1H- pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3- b]pyridine 501.50 222

3-(2,2-difluorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol- 5-yl)-5-(1-(1- (ethylsulfonyl)piperidin-4-yl)-1H- pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3- b]pyridine 515.53 223

3-(2,2-difluorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol- 5-yl)-5-(1-(1- (propylsulfonyl)piperidin-4-yl)-1H- pyrazol-4-yl)-l H-pyrrolo[2,3- blpyridine 529.55 224

3-(2,2-difluorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol- 5-yl)-5-(4-(4- (methylsulfonyl)piperazin-1-yl)-1H- pyrazol-1-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3- b]pyridine 502.49 225

2-(4-(1-(3-(2,2- difluorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)- 1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-5-yl)-1H- pyrazol-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)ethanol 468.45 226

2-(4-(4-(3-(3,5-difluoro-2- methoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3- b]pyridin-5-yl)-1H-pyrazol-1- yl)piperidin-1-yl)ethanol 453.48 227

2-(4-(4-(3-(2,2- difluorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)- 1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-5-yl)-1H- pyrazol-1-yl)piperidin-1-yl)ethanol 467.46 228

3-(3-fluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-5-(5- (1-(piperidin-1-yl)ethyl)thiophen-2- yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 435.55

TABLE 2B List of further Examples: Mol. EX. Structure Chemical Name Wt 229

3-(3,5-difluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)- 5-(5-(1-(pyrrolidin-1- yl)ethyl)thiophen-2-yl)-1H- pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 439.52 230

3-(3,5-difluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)- 5-(5-(1-(piperidin-1- yl)ethyl)thiophen-2-yl)-1H- pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 453.55 231

3-(3,5-difluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)- 5-(5-(1-(4-methylpiperidin-1- yl)ethyl)thiophen-2-yl)-1H- pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 467.57 232

3-(3,5-difluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)- 5-(5-(1-(4-methylpiperazin-1- yl)ethyl)thiophen-2-yl)-1H- pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 468.56 233

4-(1-(5-(3-(3,5-difluoro-2- methoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3- b]pyridin-5-yl)thiophen-2- yl)ethyl)morpholine 455.52 234

3-(2,2-difluorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol- 5-yl)-5-(5-(1-(pyrrolidin-1- yl)ethyl)thiophen-2-yl)-1H- pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 453.50 235

3-(2,2-difluorobcnzo[d][1,3]dioxol- 5-yl)-5-(5-(1-(piperidin-1- yl)ethyl)thiophen-2-yl)-1H- pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 467.53 236

3 -(2,2-difluorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol- 5-yl)-5-(5-(1-(4-methylpiperidin-1- yl)ethyl)thiophen-2-yl)-1H- pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 481.56 237

3-(2,2-difluorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol- 5-yl)-5-(5-(1-(4-methylpiperazin-1- yl)ethyl)thiophen-2-yl)-1H- pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 482.55 238

4-(1-(5-(3-(2,2- difluorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)- 1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-5- yl)thiophen-2-yl)ethyl)morpholine 469.50 239

3-(2,2-difluorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol- 4-yl)-5-(5-(1-(pyrrolidin-1- yl)ethyl)thiophen-2-yl)-1H- pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 453.13 240

3-(2,2-difluorobcnzo[d][l,3]dioxol- 4-yl)-5-(5-(1-(piperidin-1- yl)ethyl)thiophen-2-yl)-1H- pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 467.53 241

3-(2,2-difluorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol- 4-yl)-5-(5-(1-(4-methylpiperidin-1- yl)ethyl)thiophen-2-yl)-1H- pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 481.56 242

3-(2,2-difluorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol- 4-yl)-5-(5-(1-(4-methylpiperazin-1- yl)ethyl)thiophen-2-yl)-1H- pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 482.55 243

4-(1-(5-(3-(2,2- difluorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-4-yl)- 1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-5- yl)thiophen-2-yl)ethyl)morpholine 469.50

TABLE 3 List of Compounds purchased from vendor library Cmpd Mol. SIK2 No. Structure Chemical Name Wt IC₅₀ μM 1

4-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(pyridin- 3 -yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine 332.356 ** 2

3-(benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)-4-(3- (trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1H- pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine 383.323 * 3

N-(3-(4-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)- 1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-3- yl)phenyl)methanesulfonamide 454.499 * 4

N-(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)-3-(3- (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-1H- pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-4- yl)benzamide 475.54 * 5

3-(2-methoxyphenyl)-4-(thiophen-3- yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine 307.370 *** 6

4-(4-isopropylphenyl)-3-(3,4,5- trimethoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4- b]pyridine 403.474 ** 7

2-((hydroxy(3-(4-(3- (trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1H- pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-3- yl)phenyl)methyl)amino)ethanol 426.391 * 8

4-(3-methoxyphenyl)-3-(3- (trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1H- pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine 369.34 * 9

N,N-dimethyl-3-(3-(3,4,5- trimethoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4- b]pyridin-4-yl)aniline 404.462 * 10

4-(furan-3-yl)-3-(2-methoxyphenyl)- 1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine 292.304 *** 11

3-(3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-1H- pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-4- yl)benzamide 404.419 * 12

N-methyl-3-(3-(3- (trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1H- pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-4- yl)benzamide 396.365 * *Kinase Inhibition Result for Selected Compounds *** <0.1 μM, ** >0.1 μM, * >1 μM ND = Not Determined List of abbreviation and meaning used through out this application

Abbreviation Meaning CHCl3 Chloroform - CHCl₃ CDCl3 Chloroform deuterated solvent - CDCl₃ DCM Dichloromethane - CH₂Cl₂ DME 1,2-Dimethoxyethane DMF N,N-Dimethylformamide DMSO Dimethylsulfoxide DMSO-d₆ Dimethylsulfoxide deuterated solvent Pd2(pda)3 Tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) Pd(PH3)4 Tetrakis(trifluorophosphine)palladium(0) PTSA p-Toluene Sulfonic Acid THF Tetrahydrofuran ±BINAP rac 2.2′-Bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9- dimethylxanthene Xantphos 4,5-Bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9-dimethylxanthene Pd(dppf)Cl₂•CH₂Cl₂ [1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene- ]dichloropalladium II DCM Et Ethyl Me Methyl MeOH Methanol EtOH Ethanol EtOAc Ethylacetate AcCN/MeCN Acetonitrile DIPEA Diisopropylethylamine IP Isopropanol Na₂CO₃ Sodium Carbonate K₂CO₃ Potassium Carbonate Cs₂CO₃ Cesium Carbonate TFA Trifluoroacetic acid EDC HCl N-Ethyl-N′-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide HCl HOBT 1-Hydroxybenzotgriazole hydrate HOAc Acetic Acid Et Ethyl TMS Trimethylsilyl NBS N-Bromosuccinamide NCS N-Chlorosuccinamide PG Protecting Group g, gm Gram(s) mg Milligram(s) h, hr Hour min Minute(s) M Molar, molarity mM Millimolar μM Micromolar nM Nanomolar L, l Liter(s) mL, mL Milliliter(s) μL Microliter(s) RM Reaction Mixture or Reaction Mass SM Starting Material RT, rt Room Temperature HPLC High-Performance Liquid Chromatography LCMS Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry MS or ms Mass Spectrometry NMR Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy TLC Thin Layer Chromatography UV Ultra-Violet Spectrometry s Singlet d, Dt, dt Doublet, doublet of doublet t, tr Triplet m Multiplet

Methods of Preparation of Compounds

In certain embodiments, the Examples depicted below are compounds prepared according to general procedures given in the following sections. Although the synthetic methods and Schemes depict the syntheses of certain compounds of the present invention, the methods and other methods known to one of ordinary skill in the art can be applied to all the compounds of the genus, the genus sub-class and species of each of these compounds as described herein. All aspects of this invention can be understood from the following Schemes. The following are exemplary and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

EXAMPLES Experimental Details and Examples

Melting points were determined in a MP-96 digital Polmon apparatus. ¹H NMR and ¹³C NMR spectra were recorded at rt in CDCl₃ or DMSO-d₆ at Jeol 400-MHz NMR spectrophotometer using solvent peaks for CDCl₃: 7.27 and DMSO-d6 2.50 (D) as internal references. The assignment of chemical shifts is based on standard NMR experiments (1H, 13C). Mass spectra were recorded on a Shimadzu LCMS LC-210EV spectrometer with an API-ES ionization source. Jasco-FTIR-4100 was used to record the IR spectra. TLC analyses were performed on silica F254 and detection by UV light at 254 nm, or by spraying with phosphomolybdic-H₂SO₄ dyeing reagent, KMNO₄ or iodine. Column chromatography were performed on silica Gel 60 (230 mesh). Purifications and separations were performed on a standard silica flash chromatography system. The purity of the samples has been determined by HPLC for the % area peak corresponding to the retention of compound and elemental analysis for C, H, N and O was carried out using Perkin-Elmer 2400 elemental analyser and chloride analysis performed using calorimetric titration at the Intertek USA Inc., QTI.

General Synthesis Schemes 1-3

“PG” represents a protecting group, or protecting groups (PGs), and refers to a group used to protect a certain functional moiety to prevent it from participation in chemical reactions until the PG is removed. Well known to the skilled artisan, these protective groups can be removed by acid, base, and hydrogenolysis conditions in the presence or absence of organic solvents. Such PGs employed in the above synthesis schemes 1-3 include, but are not limited to, p-methoxybenzyl (PMB), 2,4-dimethoxybenzyl, benzyl (Bn), 4-toluenesulfonyl chloride (tosyl chloride or TsCl), 2-(trimethylsilyl)ethoxymethyl chloride (SEM-Cl), trityl chloride (triphenylmethyl chloride), dimethoxytrityl, tetrahydropyranyl (THP), di-tert-butyl dicarbonate (tert-Boc), fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl chloride (FMOC-Cl), tert-butyldimethylsilyl chloride (TBDMS-Cl), and carboxybenzyl (Cbz) groups.

Intermediate 6 Preparation of 4-chloro-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine (6)

2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxane-4,6-dione 1 (meldrum's acid) (20 g, 139 mmol), 1-(4-methoxybenzyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-amine (2) (28.2 g, 139 mmol, 1 eq) (prepared according to the procedure described by Misra, R. N., et al. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. (2003), 13, 1133-1136) in presence of triethoxymethane (30.8 g, 208 mmol, 1 eq) was heated to 85° C. for 1 hr, subsequently worked up and treated with diethyl ether, and provided the pure 5-(((1-(4-methoxybenzyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)amino)methylene)-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxane-4,6-dione (3) as yellow solid (39.3 g). To a stirred solution of DOWTHERM™ (80 mL) was added compound 3 (39.3 g at 200° C. under N₂ in portions over a 30 min). After completion of additions, the RM was heated at 240° C. for 1 hr. After completion of the reaction from TLC, the mixture was diluted with hexanes (300 mL) to separate the DOWTHERM™ from the crude RM. The resulting crude mixture on treatment with DCM and diethyl ether provided the off-white solid of 1-(4-methoxybenzyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-4-ol (4) (24.56 g). Chlorination of compound 4 (24 g, 94 mmol) on treatment with phosphoryl trichloride (43 g, 282 mmol) in dichloroethane (10 mL) at 40° C. for 4 hr yielded 19 g of 4-chloro-1-(4-methoxybenzyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine 5.

4-Chloro-1-(4-methoxybenzyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine (5) 19 g (69.4 mmol) in neat TFA (30 mL, 389 mmol) was stirred at 80° C. for 4 hr. The resulting RM was concentrated and MeOH was added and the obtained precipitate was filtered and washed with MeOH. The crude solid was treated with EtOAc, saturated NaHCO₃ and dried over Na₂SO₄, to yield the desired product as a half white solid. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃): δ 13.23 (br s, 1H), 8.52 (d, J=5.1 Hz, 1H), 8.10 (s, 1H), 7.32 (m, 1H).

Intermediate 7 Preparation of 3-bromo-4-chloro-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine (7)

4-chloro-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine (6) 1 g (6.53 mmoles) in acetic acid (100 mL) cooled to 0° C. was added N-bromosuccinimide 2.31 g (13.06 mmol and the resulting RM was stirred for 4 hr at rt. After completion of the SM, the RM was quenched with ice water and extracted with dichlromethane (2×10 mL). The combined organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate, and the solvent evaporated to yield compound 7 (Yield: 0.9 g, 60%). ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃): δ 13.19 (br s, —H), 8.21 (s, 1H), 7.39 (m, 1H)

Intermediate 8 Preparation of 3-bromo-4-chloro-1-tosyl-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine (8)

To 3-bromo-4-chloro-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine (7) 1 g (4.345 mmol, 1 eq) in DMF (5 mL) cooled to 0° C. was add sodium hydride 0.156 g (6.5 mmols, 1.5 eq) slowly under nitrogen atmosphere for 15 min followed by the addition of p-toluene sulfonyl chloride 0.91 g (4.77 mmol, 1.1 eq). The resulting RM was stirred for 2 hr and after completion of the SMs from TLC; the RM was quenched with ice cold water and extracted with chloroform. The combined organic layer was washed with brine solution and the organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate. The solvents were removed to get the crude product, which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pure compound 8 at 6-7% ethyl acetate in hexane (Yield: 1.2 g, 72%).

Intermediate 10 Preparation of 4-chloro-3-iodo-1-tosyl-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine (10)

A solution of compound 9 (230 mg, 0.8273 mmol) in DMF (7 mL) was cooled to 0° C. and sodium hydride (49 mg, 1.2409 mmol) was added slowly under nitrogen atmosphere and was stirred for 20 min. The PTSA (p-toluene sulfonic acid) was added slowly to the RM and stirred for 2 hrs at RT. After completion of the reaction, the reaction was quenched with ice water and extracted with ethyl acetate twice. The organic layer was completely distilled off to get the crude material which was passed over 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pure compound at 5-6% ethyl acetate in hexane as eluent to get the title compound as half white colored solid 10.

General Scheme 4 Synthesis Examples

General Scheme 5 for the Synthesis of Examples

General Procedures for the Preparation Examples

The key intermediates 3-bromo-4-chloro-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine (7) or 4-chloro-3-iodo-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine protected (9) were prepared from N-chloro- or N-bromo-succinamide, 2 eq in presence of acetic acid as solvent at rt for 4 to 6 hr, which afforded ˜50-60 yields. Both the compounds 7 and 9 protected with p-toluenesulfonyl chloride (p-TsCl) (1 eq) on treatment with sodium hydride in DMF at rt for 2 hr and after completion of the SMs from TLC; the RM was quenched with ice cold water and extracted with chloroform. The combined organic layer was washed with brine solution and the organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate and the solvents were removed to get the crude product, which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pure compounds 8 and 10 at 10% ethyl acetate in hexane and gave greater than 70% yields.

In subsequent step of the Suzuki-Cross coupling reactions, variously substituted aryl boronic acids and/or aryl boronic esters were reacted with either compound 8 or 10 with 1 eq. each in presence of one of the solvents: 1,4-dioxane, THF, DMF, DMSO, toluene, or acetonitrile. The resulting RM was degassed, purged with argon or N₂ gas a few times and was charged with NaCO₃, Cs₂CO₃, K₂CO₃, tBuOK, Na-tBuOK, potassium acetate or NaHCO₃ (1.5 to 2 eq) followed by the addition of palladium catalysts (0.01 to 0.05 eq). After the addition of catalysts the contents of the reaction were purged and degassed again and heated at 80 to 100° C. for 8 to 16 or 24 hr. After completion of the reaction monitored from TLC, the contents were cooled to rt and diluted with CH₂Cl₂, CHCl₃ or EtOAc. The organic layers were passed through a Celite pad then the solvent was completely distilled off to get the crude product, which was subjected to flash to column chromatography purification to get the variously substituted title compounds 11 and 12.

Preparation of Example 1 3-(2-methoxyphenyl)-4-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine (24) Step 1:

A stirred solution of (8) (0.150 g 0.387 mmol) and (2-methoxyphenyl) boronic acid (20) (58 mg 0.387 mmol) in acetonitrile (10 mL) was degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min. Then cesium carbonate (250 mg, 0.774 mmol) and Pd(dppf)Cl₂ (15 mg, 0.019 mmol) was added, then again degassed and purged with nitrogen for 15 min and the RM heated to 85° C. for 4 hr in a sealed tube. After completion of the reaction, the RM was cooled to rt and diluted with chloroform and filtered through celite bed. The organic layer was completely distilled off to get the crude product, which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pure compound at 7-8% ethyl aceate in hexane as an off white colored compound 21.

Step 2:

To a stirred solution of 4-chloro-3-(2-methoxyphenyl)-1-tosyl-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine (21) (100 mg, 0.242 mmol) and thiophen-3-ylboronic acid (22) (30 mg, 0.242 mmol) in acetonitrile (7 mL), degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min, was added cesium carbonate (158 mg, 0.484 mmol) and Pd(PPh₃)₄ (13.9 mg, 0.0121 mmol) and again degassed and purged with nitrogen for 15 min. Then the RM was heated to 85° C. overnight in a sealed tube. After completion of the SM the RM was cooled to rt and diluted with chloroform. The organic layer was passed through a celite bed. The organic layer was completely distilled off the solvent to get the crude product, which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pure compound at 10-11% ethyl acetate in hexane as off white solid 3-(2-methoxyphenyl)-4-(thiophen-3-yl)-1-tosyl-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine (23).

Step 3:

To a stirred solution of (23) (50 mg, 0.108 mmol) in methanol (5 mL) and water (5 mL) was added potassium carbonate (29 mg, 0.216 mmol). The RM was heated to 60° C. overnight. After completion of the SM, the solvents were completely distilled off and diluted with water and extracted with chloroform twice. The organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate and completely distilled off to get the crude product, which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pre compound at 28-30% ethyl acetate in hexane as eluent to get the pale yellow colored solid (24). ¹H NMR (CDCl₃) δ: 11.05 (1H), 8.57 (d, J=4.75 1H), 7.50 (m, J=5.85 1H), 7.48 (m, J=5.73 1H), 7.16 (m, J=4.87 1H), 7.12 (m, J=3.17 1H), 6.98 (m, J=4.87 3H), 6.61 (d, J=8.17 1H), 3.21 (3H) and MS m/z=308.1.

Preparation of Example 4 3-(4-fluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-4-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine (28)

Step 1:

To a stirred solution of 3-bromo-4-chloro-1-tosyl-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine 8 (150 mg 0.387 mmol) and (4-fluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)boronic acid 25 (65 mg, 0.387 mmol) in acetonitrile (5 mL), degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min, cesium carbonate (252 mg 0.775 mmol) and Pd(dppf)Cl₂ (15 mg, 0.0193 mmol) were added. The resulting RM degassed and purged again with nitrogen for 15 min. The RM was heated to 85° C. for 4 hr in a sealed tube. After completion of the reaction, it was cooled to rt and diluted with chloroform and filtered through celite bed. The organic layer was completely distilled off to get the crude compound 26. The crude material was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel and eluting the pure compound at 7-8% ethyl aceate in hexane obtained off white colored solid 26.

Step 2:

To a stirred solution of compound 26 (100 mg, 0.231 mmol) and compound 22 (33 mg, 0.254 mmol) in acetonitrile (5 mL), degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min, was added cesium carbonate (150 mg, 0.463 mmol) and Pd(PPh₃)₄ (13 mg, 0.0115 mmol) and degassed and purged again with nitrogen for 15 min. Then the RM was heated to 85° C. overnight in a sealed tube. After completion of the SM, the RM was cooled to rt and diluted with chloroform and the organic layer was passed through celite bed. The organic layer was completely distilled off to get the crude product, which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pure compound 27 at 10-11% ethyl acetate in hexane as off white solid.

Step 3:

To a stirred solution of 3-(4-fluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-4-(thiophen-3-yl)-1-tosyl-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine 27 (50 mg 0.102 mmol) in methanol (10 mL) and water (5 mL) was added potassium carbonate (0.204 mmol) and the RM was heated to 60° C. overnight. After completion of the SM the solvents was completely distilled off, diluted with water and extracted with chloroform twice. The organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate. The crude product was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pre compound at 28-30% ethyl acetate in hexane as eluent to get the pale yellow colored solid of compound 3-(4-fluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-4-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine 28. ¹H NMR (CDCl₃) δ: 8.56 (d, 1H), 7.44 (m, 1H), 7.23 (m, 1H), 7.16 (m, 1H), 7.02 (m, 1H), 6.95 (m, 1H), 6.73 (m, 1H), 6.34 (m, 1H) and MS m/z=325.8.

Preparation of Example 5 3-(2-ethoxyphenyl)-4-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine (32)

Step 1:

To a stirred solution of compound 8 (150 mg, 0.387 mmol) and 29 (65 mg, 0.387 mmol) in acetonitrile (5 mL), degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min, was add cesium carbonate (252 mg, 0.775 mmol) and Pd(dppf)Cl₂ (15 mg, 0.0193 mmol), again degassed and purged with nitrogen for 15 min and the RM was heated to 85° C. for 4 hr in a sealed tube. After completion of the reaction, the RM was cooled to rt and diluted with chloroform and filtered through celite bed. The organic layer was completely distilled off to get the crude product, which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pure compound at 7-8% ethyl acetate in hexane as off white colored solid 30.

Step 2:

To a stirred solution of 30 (79 mg, 0.163 mmol) and 22 (23 mg, 0.179 mmol) in acetonitrile (5 mL), degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min, was added cesium carbonate (107 mg, 0.497 mmol) and Pd(PPh₃)₄ (9 mg, 0.00817 mmol) and again degassed and purged with nitrogen for 15 min. The RM was heated to 85° C. overnight in a sealed tube. After completion of the SM, the RM was cooled to rt and diluted with chloroform and the organic layer was passed through celite bed. The organic layer was completely distilled off the solvent to get the crude product, which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pure compound at 10-11% ethyl acetate in hexane as off white solid compound 31.

Step 3:

To a stirred solution of 31 (50 mg, 0.105 mmol) in methanol (40 mL) and water (5 mL) was added potassium carbonate (30 mg, 0.210 mmol) and the RM heated to 60° C. overnight. After completion of the SM, the solvents were completely distilled off, diluted with water and extracted with chloroform twice. The organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate. The crude was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pre compound at 28-30% ethyl acetate in hexane as eluent to get the pale yellow colored solid of compound 32. ¹H NMR (CDCl₃) δ: 11.28 (s, 1H), 8.57 (d, 1H), 7.52 (m, 1H), 7.32 (m, 1H), 7.17 (d, 1H), 7.00 (m, 2H) 6.95 (m, 1H), 6.57 (m, 1H); and MS m/z=321.9

Preparation of Example 6 36

Step 1:

To a stirred solution of compound 8 (150 mg, 0.387 mmol) and 33 (72 mg, 0.387 mmol) in acetonitrile (5 mL), degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min, was added Cs₂CO₃ (253 mg, 0.775 mmol) and Pd(dppf)Cl₂ (16 mg, 0.0193 mmol). The resulting RM was degassed, purged with nitrogen again for 15 min and was heated to 85° C. for 4 hr in a sealed tube. After completion of the reaction was cooled to rt and diluted with chloroform and filtered through celite bed. The organic layer was completely distilled off to get the crude compound 34. The crude was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pure compound at 7-8% ethyl aceate in hexane as off white colored solid 34.

Step 2:

To a stirred solution of 34 (65 mg, 0.149 mmol) and compound 22 (21 mg, 0.159 mmol) in acetonitrile (5 mL), degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min, was added Cs₂CO₃ (95 mg, 0.289 mmol) and Pd(PPh₃)₄ (8 mg, 0.00724 mmol) and continued degassing and purging with nitrogen for another 15 min. The resulting RM was heated to 85° C. overnight for 12 hrs in a sealed tube. After completion of the SM monitored from TLC, the RM was cooled to rt, diluted with chloroform and the organic layer was passed through celite bed. The organic layer was completely distilled off to get the crude product 35. The crude product was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pure compound 35 at 10-11% ethyl acetate in hexane as off white solid compound.

Step 3:

To a stirred solution of compound 35 (60 mg, 0.120 mmol) in methanol (10 mL) and water (5 mL) was added K₂CO₃ (33 mg, 0.241 mmol) and the RM heated to 60° C. for 12 hr. After completion of the SM, the solvents were removed, diluted with water and extracted with chloroform in two volumes. The organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate. The crude material was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel, eluting the compound at 28-30% ethyl acetate in hexane as eluent to get the pale yellow colored solid of compound 36. ¹H NMR (CDCl₃) δ: 10.84 (s, 1H), 8.56 (d, 1H), 7.41 (d, 1H), 7.17 (m, 2H), 7.03 (m, 2H), 6.97 (d, 1H), 6.61 (d, 1H), 3.21 (s, 3H); and MS m/z=341.8

Preparation of Example 7 3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine (40)

Step 1:

A stirred solution of 3-bromo-4-chloro-1-tosyl-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine 8 (150 mg, 0.387 mmol) and (4-methoxyphenyl)boronic acid 37 (59 mg, 0.387 mmol) in acetonitrile (5 mL) was degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min. Cesium carbonate (252 mg, 0.774 mmol) and Pd(dppf)Cl₂ (15 mg, 0.0193 mmol) was added to the RM and degassed and purged with nitrogen again for 15 min. The resulting RM was heated to 85° C. for 4 hr in a sealed tube. After completion of the reaction the crude RM was cooled to rt and diluted with chloroform and filtered through celite bed. The organic layer was completely distilled off. The obtained crude was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pure compound at 7-8% ethyl aceate in hexane to provide off white colored solid of compound 38.

Step 2:

To a stirred solution of 3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-(thiophen-3-yl)-1-tosyl-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine 38 (75 mg, 0.181 mmol) and thiophen-3-ylboronic acid 22 (25 mg, 0.199 mmol) in acetonitrile (5 mL), degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min, was added cesium carbonate (0.118 g 0.363 mmol) and Pd(PPh₃)₄ (10 mg, 0.0090 mmol) and again degassed and purged with nitrogen for 15 min. Then the RM was heated to 85° C. overnight in a sealed tube. After completion of the SM, the RM was cooled to rt and diluted with chloroform and the organic layer was passed through celite bed. The organic layer was completely distilled off to get the crude product, which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pure compound at 10-11% ethyl acetate in hexane giving an off white solid of 3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-(thiophen-3-yl)-1-tosyl-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine 39.

Step 3:

To a stirred solution of compound 39 (35 mg, 00758 mmol) in methanol (10 mL) and water (5 mL) was added potassium carbonate (20 mg, 0.151 mmol) and the RM heated to 60° C. overnight. After completion of the SM, the RM was completely distilled off, diluted with water and extracted with chloroform twice. The organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate and the solvent was completely distilled off to get the crude product, which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the compound at 28-30% ethyl acetate in hexane as eluent to get the pale yellow colored solid of compound 40. ¹H NMR (CDCl₃) δ: 10.71 (s, 1H), 8.57 (d, 1H), 7.18 (m, 4H), 7.09 (m, 1H), 6.92 (m, 1H), 6.74 (m, 1H), 3.81 (s, 3H) and MS m/z=307.9.

Preparation of Example 9 3-(2-fluorophenyl)-4-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine (44)

Step 1:

To a stirred solution of compound 8 (150 mg, 0.387 mmol) and 41 (54 mg, 0.387 mmol) in acetonitrile (5 mL), degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min, was added Cs₂CO₃ (253 mg 0.775 mmol) and Pd(dppf)Cl₂ (15 mg 0.0193 mmol). The resulting RM was degassed, purged with nitrogen again for 15 min again and heated to 85° C. for 4 hr in a sealed tube. After completion of the reaction, it was cooled to rt and diluted with chloroform and filtered through celite bed. The organic layer was completely distilled off to get the crude compound 38. The crude was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pure compound at 7-8% ethyl aceate in hexane as off white colored solid 42.

Step 2:

To a stirred solution of 42 (100 mg, 0.248 mmol) and compound 22 (35 mg, 0.273 mmol) in acetonitrile (5 mL), degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min, was added Cs₂CO₃ (162 mg 0.497 mmol) and Pd(PPh₃)₄ (14 mg, 0.0124 mmol) and continued degassing and purging with nitrogen for another 15 min. The resulting RM was heated to 85° C. overnight or 12 hrs in a sealed tube. After completion of the SM monitored from TLC, the RM was cooled to rt and diluted with chloroform and the organic layer was passed through celite bed. The organic layer was completely distilled off to get the crude product 43. The crude product was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel, eluting the pure compound 43 at 10-11% ethyl acetate in hexane as off white solid compound.

Step 3:

To a stirred solution of compound 43 (60 mg, 0.1334 mmol) in methanol (40 mL) and water (5 mL) was added K₂CO₃ (36.9 mg, 0.266 mmol) and the RM heated to 60° C. for 12 hr. After completion of the SM, the solvents were removed, diluted with water and extracted with chloroform in two volumes. The organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate. The crude material was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the compound at 28-30% ethyl acetate in hexane as eluent to get the pale yellow colored solid of compound 44. ¹H NMR (CDCl₃) δ: 8.66 (d, 1H), 7.31 (m, 1H), 7.20 (m, 1H), 7.19 (m, 2H), 7.02 (m, 1H), 6.93 (m, 2H), 6.71 (m, 2H) and MS m/z=295.8.

Preparation of Intermediate 16 4-chloro-3-iodo-1-tosyl-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (16)

Step 1:

4-chloro-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (14) 1 g (6.55 mmol) in acetic acid (10 mL) cooled to 0° C. and was added N-chlorosuccinimide (0.875 g, 6.55 mmol). The resulting RM was stirred for 4 hr at rt. After completion of the SM, the RM was quenched with ice water and extracted with dichloromethane (2×100 mL). The combined organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate, and the solvent evaporated to yield compound 4-chloro-3-iodo-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 15.

Step 2:

To compound 15 (0.8 g, 2.87 mmol) in DMF (5 mL) cooled to 0° C. was add sodium hydride (0.138 g, 5.75 mmol, 2 eq) slowly under nitrogen atmosphere for 15 min followed by the addition of p-toluene sulfonyl chloride (0.820 g, 4.31 mmol, 1.5 eq). The resulting RM was stirred for 6 hr and after completion of the SMs from TLC; the RM was quenched with ice cold water and extracted with chloroform. The combined organic layer was washed with brine solution and the organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate. The solvents were removed to get the crude product, which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pure compound 16 at 6-7% ethyl acetate in hexane.

Preparation of Example 17 3-(2-methoxyphenyl)-4-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (52)

Step 1:

A stirred solution of compound 16 (150 mg, 0.347 mmol) and 49 (52.7 mg, 0.347 mmol) in acetonitrile (5 mL) was degassed, purged with nitrogen for 10 min and to which was added Cs₂CO₃ (151.1 mg, 0.485 mmol) and Pd(dppf)Cl (14.1 mg, 0.017 mmol). The resulting RM was degassed, purged with nitrogen again for 15 min and was heated to 85° C. for 4 hr in a sealed tube. After completion, the reaction was cooled to rt, diluted with chloroform, and filtered through celite bed. The organic layer was completely distilled off to get the crude compound 50. The crude was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pure compound at 5% ethyl aceate in hexane as off white colored solid 50.

Step 2:

To a stirred solution of 50 (100 mg, 0.242 mmol) and compound 22 (34.1 mg, 0.266 mmol) in acetonitrile (5 mL), degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min, was added Cs₂CO₃ (151.1 mg, 0.485 mmol) and Pd(PPh₃)₄ (14 mg, 0.0121 mmol) and continued degassing and purging with nitrogen for another 15 min. The resulting RM was heated to 85° C. overnight or 12 hrs in a sealed tube. After completion of the SM monitored from TLC, the RM was cooled to rt and diluted with chloroform and the organic layer was passed through celite bed. The organic layer was completely distilled off to get the crude product 51. The crude product was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pure compound 51 at 4-5% ethyl acetate in hexane as off white solid compound.

Step 3:

To a stirred solution of compound 51 (50 mg, 0.108 mmol) in methanol (10 mL) and water (5 mL) was added K₂CO₃ (29.9 mg, 0.217 mmol) and the RM heated to 60° C. for 12 hr. After completion of the SM, the solvents were removed, diluted with water and extracted with chloroform in two volumes. The organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate. The crude material was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the compound at 28-30% ethyl acetate in hexane as eluent to get the pale yellow colored solid of compound 48. ¹H NMR (CDCl₃) δ: 9.00 (1-H), 8.33 (d, J=4.87 1-H), 7.35 (m, J=2.31 1-H), 7.23 (m, J=4.14 3-H), 7.11 (m, J=5.00 1-H), 7.04 (m, J=3.04 1-H), 6.90 (m, J=7.56 1-H), 6.56 (d, J=7.92 1-H), 3.27 (3-H); and MS m/z=307.2.

Preparation of Example 18 3-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-4-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (56)

Step 1:

To a stirred solution of compound 16 (150 mg, 0.346 mmol) and 53 (54 mg, 0.346 mmol) in acetonitrile (5 mL), degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min, was added Cs₂CO₃ (282 mg, 0.866 mmol) and Pd(dppf)Cl (11 mg, 0.013 mmol). The resulting RM was degassed, purged with nitrogen again for 15 min and was heated to 85° C. for 4 hr in a sealed tube. After completion, the reaction was cooled to rt and diluted with chloroform 50 mL and filtered through celite bed. The organic layer was completely distilled off to get the crude compound 54. The crude was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pure compound at 6% ethyl aceate in hexane as off white colored solid 54.

Step 2:

To a stirred solution of 54 (100 mg, 0.239 mmol) and compound 22 (30 mg, 0.239 mmol) in acetonitrile (5 mL), degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min, was added Cs₂CO₃ (194 mg, 0.597 mmol) and Pd(PPh₃)₄ (11 mg, 0.00956 mmol) and continued degassing and purging with nitrogen for another 15 min. The resulting RM was heated to 85° C. overnight or 12 hr in a sealed tube. After completion of the SM monitored from TLC, the RM was cooled to rt and diluted with chloroform and the organic layer was passed through celite bed. The organic layer was completely distilled off to get the crude product 55. The crude product was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pure compound 55 at 10% ethyl acetate in hexane as off white solid compound.

Step 3:

To a stirred solution of compound 55 (50 mg, 0.107 mmol) in methanol (10 mL) and water (5 mL) was added K2CO3 (37 mg, 0.268 mmol) and the RM heated to 60° C. for 12 hr. After completion of the SM, the solvents were removed, diluted with water and extracted with chloroform in two volumes. The organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate. The crude material was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the compound at 28-30% ethyl acetate in hexane as eluent to get the pale yellow colored solid of compound 56. ¹H NMR (CDCl₃) δ: 9.43 (1-H), 8.37 (d, J=5.00 1-H), 7.40 (s, 1-H), 7.13 (m, J=4.87 1-H), 7.00 (m, J=6.58 2-H) 6.96 (m, J=5.12 2-H) 6.87 (d, J=3.78 1-H) 6.60 (m, J=6.95 2-H); and MS m/z=312.8

Preparation of Example 19 4-(2-methoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine

Step 1:

To a stirred solution of tosylated 14 (100 mg, 0.326 mmol) and 99 (49.6 mg, 0.326 mmol) in acetonitrile (6 mL), degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min, was added cesium carbonate (214 mg, 0.653 mmol) and Pd(dppf)Cl₂ (18.8 mg, 0.0163 mmol), again degassed and purged with nitrogen for 15 min, and the RM heated to 85° C. overnight in a sealed tube. After completion of the SM, the RM was cooled to rt and diluted with chloroform and the organic layer was passed through celite bed. The organic layer was completely distilled off the solvent to get the crude product which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pure compound at 10-11% ethyl acetate in hexane as off white solid compound 100.

Step 2:

To a stirred solution of 100 (45 mg, 0.119 mmol) in methanol (10 mL) and water (5 mL) was added potassium carbonate (33 mg, 0.238 mmol) and the RM heated to 60° C. overnight. After completion of the SM, methanol was completely distilled off and the RM diluted with water and extracted with chloroform twice. The organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate and completely distilled off to get the crude product which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pre compound at 25-20% ethyl acetate in hexane as eluent to get the pale yellow colored solid compound 101. ¹H NMR (CDCl₃) δ: 9.43 (1-H), 8.31 (d, J=5.12 1-H), 7.46 (m, J=5.85 2-H), 7.30 (d, J=3.53 1-H), 7.19 (d, J=5.00 1-H), 7.08 (m, J=7.43 2-H), 6.42 (d, J=3.53 1-H), 3.81 (s, 3-H).

Preparation of Example 20 4-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (66)

Step 1:

To a stirred solution of 14 (100 mg, 0.326 mmol) and 22 (50 mg 0.392 mmol) in DME (5 mL) and water (1 mL), degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min, was added cesium carbonate (214 mg, 0.653 mmol) and Pd(pph₃)₄ (18.8 mg, 0.0163 mmol) and again degassed and purged with nitrogen for 15 min. Then the RM was heated to 85° C. overnight in a sealed tube. After completion of the SM, the RM was cooltTed to rt and diluted with chloroform and the organic layer passed through celite bed. The organic layer was completely distilled off the solvent to get the crude product which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel, eluting the pure compound 65 at 5% ethyl acetate in hexane as off white solid.

Step 2:

To a stirred solution of 65 (30 mg, 0.0847 mmol) in methanol (5 mL) and water (1 mL) was added potassium carbonate (23.2 mg, 0.169 mmol) and heated to 60° C. overnight. After completion of the SM, methanol was completely distilled off and the RM diluted with water then extracted with chloroform twice. The organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate and completely distilled off to get the crude product which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pre compound at 25-20% ethyl acetate in hexane as eluent to get the pale yellow colored solid 66. ¹H NMR (CDCl₃) δ: 9.14 (1-H), 8.33 (M, J=5.00 1-H), 7.75 (m, J=1.58 1-H), 7.56 (m, J=3.78 1-H) 7.49 (m, J=2.92 1-H), 7.38 (m, J=3.41 1-H), 7.22 (m, J=2.56 1-H), 6.78 (m, J=1.95 1-H) and MS m/z=201.2.

Preparation of Example 21 4-(thiophen-3-yl)-3-(2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (90)

Step 1:

To a stirred solution of 16 (150 mg, 0.346 mmol) and 87 (65.8 mg, 0.346 mmol) in acetonitrile (8 mL), degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min, was added cesium carbonate (225.9 mg, 0.693 mmol) and Pd(dppf)Cl₂ (14.1 mg, 0.0173 mmol), again degassed and purged with nitrogen again for 15 min, and the RM heated to 85° C. for 4 hr in a sealed tube. After completion of the reaction the RM was cooled to rt and diluted with chloroform and filtered through celite bed. The organic layer was completely distilled off to get the crude which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pure compound at 7-8% ethyl aceate in hexane as off white colored solid compound 88.

Step 2:

To a stirred solution of 88 (80 mg, 0.177 mmol) and 22 (22 mg, 0.177 mmol) in acetonitrile (6 mL), degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min, was added cesium carbonate (115 mg, 0.354 momL) and Pd(PPh₃)₄ (10 mg, 0.0088 mmol), again degassed and purged with nitrogen for 15 min, and the RM heated to 85° C. overnight in a sealed tube. After completion of the SM, the RM was cooled to rt and diluted with chloroform and the organic layer was passed through celite bed. The organic layer was completely distilled off the solvent to get the crude product which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pure compound at 10-11% ethyl acetate in hexane as off white solid compound 89.

Step 3:

To a stirred solution of 89 (40 mg, 0.0803 mmol) in methanol (15 mL) and water (5 mL) was added potassium carbonate (22 mg, 0.160 mmol) and the RM heated to 60° C. overnight. After completion of the SM, methanol was completely distilled off and the RM diluted with water and extracted with chloroform twice. The organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate and completely distilled off to get the crude product which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pre compound at 25-20% ethyl acetate in hexane as eluent to get the pale yellow colored solid compound 90. ¹H NMR (CDCl₃) δ: 9.21 (1-H), 8.35 (d, J=4.51 1-H), 7.64 (d, J=7.8 1-H), 7.52 (s, J=9.39 1-H), 7.09 (m, J=4.26 2-H), 6.88 (m, J=12.19 3-H), 6.73 (d, J=4.63 1-H); and MS m/z=344.8.

Preparation of Example 22 3-(2-fluorophenyl)-4-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (60)

Step 1:

To a stirred solution of 16 (150 mg, 0.346 mmol) and 57 (48 mg, 0.346 mmol) in acetonitrile (8 mL), degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min, was add cesium carbonate (282 mg, 0.866 mmol) and Pd(dppf)Cl₂ (11 mg, 0.0138 mmol), then degassed and purged with nitrogen again for 15 min and the RM was heated to 85° C. for 4 hr in a sealed tube. After completion of the reaction the RM was cooled to rt and diluted with chloroform (50 mL) and filtered through celite bed. The organic layer was completely distilled off to get the crude. the crude was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pure compound 58 at 5% ethyl aceate in hexane as off white colored solid.

Step 2:

To a stirred solution of 58 (100 mg, 0.249 m mol) and 22 (31 mg, 0.249 mmol) in acetonitrile (7 mL), degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min, was added cesium carbonate (203 mg, 0.623 m mol) and Pd(PPh₃)₄ (11 mg, 0.0997 mmol), and again degassed and purged with nitrogen for 15 min. Then the RM was heated to 85° C. overnight in a sealed tube. After completion of the SM the RM was cooled to rt and diluted with chloroform (50 mL) and the organic layer passed through celite bed. The organic layer was completely distilled off the solvent to get the crude product, which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pure compound 59 at 10-11% ethyl acetate in hexane as off white solid.

Step 3:

To a stirred solution of 59 (50 mg, 0.111 mmol) in methanol (7 mL) and water (3 mL) was added potassium carbonate (38 mg, 0.278 m mol) and heated to 60° C. overnight. After completion of the SM, the RM was completely distilled off, diluted with water and extracted with chloroform (50 mL) twice. The organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate and completely distilled off to get the crude product, which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pre compound 60 at 17% ethyl acetate in hexane as eluent to get the pale yellow colored solid. ¹H NMR (CDCl₃) δ: 9.08 (1-H), 8.36 (d, J=4.87 1-H), 7.42 (d, J=2.31 1-H), 7.28 (m, J=52.6 2-H), 7.17 (m, J=5.24 2-H) 7.13 (m, J=4.84 2-H) 7.05 (m, J=5.00 2-H) 6.94 (m, J=7.19 1-H), MS m/z=294.9.

Preparation of Example 23 3-(2-chloro-3-fluorophenyl)-4-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (98)

Step 1:

To a stirred solution of 16 (150 mg, 0.346 mmol) and 95 (60 mg, 0.346 mmol) in acetonitrile (8 mL), degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min, was added cesium carbonate (282 mg, 0.866 mmol) and Pd(dppf)Cl₂ (11 mg, 0.0138 mmol), again degassed and purged with nitrogen for 15 min and the RM heated to 85° C. for 4 hr in a sealed tube. After completion of the reaction the RM was cooled to rt and diluted with chloroform and filtered through celite bed. The organic layer was completely distilled off to get the crude which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pure compound at 7-8% ethyl aceate in hexane as off white colored solid 96.

Step 2:

To a stirred solution of 96 (0.229 mmol) and 22 (0.229 mmol) in acetonitrile (6 mL), degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min, was added cesium carbonate (0.574 mmol) and Pd(PPh₃)₄ (0.00968 mmol), again degassed and purged with nitrogen for 15 min, and the RM heated to 85° C. overnight in a sealed tube. After completion of the SM, the RM was cooled to rt and diluted with chloroform and the organic layer was passed through celite bed. The organic layer was completely distilled off the solvent to get the crude product which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pure compound at 10-11% ethyl acetate in hexane as off white solid 97.

Step 3:

To a stirred solution of 97 (30 mg, 0.0621 mmol) in methanol (10 mL) and water (5 mL) was added potassium carbonate (17 mg, 0.124 mmol) and the RM heated to 60° C. overnight. After completion of the SM, methanol was completely distilled off and the RM diluted with water then extracted with chloroform twice. The organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate and completely distilled off to get the crude product which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pre compound at 25-20% ethyl acetate in hexane as eluent to get the pale yellow colored solid compound 98. ¹H NMR (CDCl₃) δ: 9.19 (1-H), 8.38 (d, J=4.75 1-H), 7.40 (d, J=2.56 1-H), 7.13 (d, J=4.87 1-H), 7.01 (m, J=4.26 3-H) 6.85 (m, J=8.53 3-H); and MS m/z=328.8

Preparation of Example 24 3-(4-chloro-2-methoxyphenyl)-4-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (82)

Step 1:

To a stirred solution of 16 (150 mg, 0.347 mmol) and 79 (64.3 mg, 0.347 mmol) in acetonitrile (7 mL), degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min, was added cesium carbonate (228 mg, 0.694 mmol) and Pd(dppf)Cl₂ (14.1 mg, 0.0173 mmol), again degassed and purged with nitrogen again for 15 min and the RM was heated to 85° C. for 4 hr in a sealed tube. After completion of the reaction the RM was cooled to rt and diluted with chloroform and filtered through celite bed. The organic layer was completely distilled off to get the crude, which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pure compound at 7-8% ethyl aceate in hexane as off white colored solid compound 80.

Step 2:

To a stirred solution of 80 (100 mg, 0.224 mmol) and 22 (31.5 mg, 0.224 mmol) in acetonitrile (7 mL), degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min, was added cesium carbonate (147 mg, 0.448 mmol) and Pd(PPh₃)₄ (12.9 mg, 0.011 mmol), again degassed and purged with nitrogen for 15 min, and the RM heated to 85° C. overnight in a sealed tube. After completion of the SM, the RM was cooled to rt and diluted with chloroform and the organic layer passed through celite bed. The organic layer was completely distilled off the solvent to get the crude product which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pure compound at 10-11% ethyl acetate in hexane as off white solid compound 81.

Step 3:

To a stirred solution of 81 (60 mg, 0.121 mmol) in methanol (10 mL) and water (5 mL) was added potassium carbonate (33 mg, 0.2424 mmol) and heated to 60° C. overnight. After completion of the SM, methanol was completely distilled off and the RM diluted with water then extracted with chloroform twice. The organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate and completely distilled off to get the crude product which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pre compound at 25-20% ethyl acetate in hexane as eluent to get the pale yellow colored solid compound 82. ¹H NMR (CDCl₃) δ: 9.13 (1-H), 8.34 (d, J=4.87 1-H), 7.33 (d, J=2.31 1-H), 7.09 (m, J=5.00 1-H), 6.88 (m, J=5.97 3-H), 6.55 (d, J=1.95 1-H) 3.28 (s, 3-H) and MS m/z=341.3.

Preparation of Example 25 3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (64)

Step 1:

To a stirred solution of 16 (150 mg, 0.346 mmol) and 61 (52 mg, 0.346 mmol) in acetonitrile (7 mL), degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min, was added cesium carbonate (282 mg 0.865 mmol) and Pd(dppf)Cl₂ (11 mg, 0.013 mmol), again degassed and purged with nitrogen for 15 min and the RM heated to 85° C. for 4 hr in a sealed tube. After completion of the reaction the RM was cooled to rt and diluted with chloroform (50 mL) and filtered through celite bed. The organic layer was completely distilled off to get the crude, which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pure compound 62 at 7-8% ethyl aceate in hexane as off white colored solid.

Step 2:

To a stirred solution of 62 (100 mg, 0.242 mmol) and 22 (31 mg, 0.242 mmol) in acetonitrile (6 mL), degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min, was added cesium carbonate (197 mg, 0.605 mmol) and Pd(PPh₃)₄ (11 mg 0.00908 mmol), and again degassed and purged with nitrogen for 15 min and heated to 85° C. overnight in a sealed tube. After completion of the SM the RM was cooled to rt and diluted with chloroform (50 mL) and the organic layer was passed through celite bed. The organic layer was completely distilled off the solvent to get the crude product which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pure compound at 10-11% ethyl acetate in hexane as off white solid compound 63.

Step 3:

To a stirred solution of 63 (40 mg 0.086 mmol) in methanol (7 mL) and water (3 mL) was added potassium carbonate 30 mg (0.215 mmol) and heated to 60° C. overnight. After completion of the SM, the RM was completely distilled off, diluted with water and extracted with chloroform twice. The organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate and completely distilled off to get the crude product which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pre compound at 20% ethyl acetate in hexane as eluent to get the pale yellow colored solid. ¹H NMR (CDCl₃) δ: 9.26 (1H), 8.35 (d, J=4.87 1H), 7.33 (d, J=2.43 1H), 7.12 (d, J=4.87 1-H), 7.07 (m, J=3.04 1-H) 6.95 (m, J=5.48 2-H) 6.93 (m, J=4.63 2-H) 6.87 (m, J=3.65 1-H), 6.67 (m, J=4.51 2-H), 3.79 (s 3-H); and MS m/z=307.2.

Preparation of Example 26 3-(2-ethoxyphenyl)-4-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (78)

Step 1:

To a stirred solution of 16 (150 mg, 0.347 mmol) and 75 (57.6 mg, 0.347 mmol) in acetonitrile (7 mL), degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min, was added cesium carbonate (228.1 mg, 0.694 mmol) and Pd(dppf)Cl₂ (11 mg, 0.0138 mmol), again degassed and purged with nitrogen again for 15 min and the RM heated to 85° C. for 4 hr in a sealed tube. After completion of the reaction the RM was cooled to rt and diluted with chloroform (50 mL) and filtered through celite bed. The organic layer was completely distilled off to get the crude which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pure compound at 7-8% ethyl aceate in hexane as off white colored solid 76.

Step 2:

To a stirred solution of 76 (100 mg, 0.234 mmol) and 22 (30 mg, 0.234 mmol) in acetonitrile (7 mL), degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min, was added cesium carbonate (153 mg, 0.469 mmol) and Pd(PPh₃)₄ (11 mg, 0.0093 mmol), again degassed and purged with nitrogen for 15 min and the RM heated to 85° C. overnight in a sealed tube. After completion of the SM, the RM was cooled to rt and diluted with chloroform (50 mL) and the organic layer was passed through celite bed. The organic layer was completely distilled off the solvent to get the crude product which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pure compound at 10-11% ethyl acetate in hexane as off white solid compound 77.

Step 3:

To a stirred solution of 77 (30 mg 0.063 mmol) in methanol (5 mL) and water (1 mL) was added potassium carbonate (21.8 mg, 0.158 mmol) and the RM heated to 60° C. overnight. After completion of the SM, methanol was completely distilled off and the RM diluted with water and extracted with chloroform twice. The organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate and completely distilled off to get the crude product which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pre compound at 25-20% ethyl acetate in hexane as eluent to get the pale yellow colored solid compound 78. ¹H NMR (CDCl₃) δ: 9.10 (1-H), 8.33 (d, J=4.87 1-H), 7.36 (d, J=2.31 1-H), 7.20 (m, J=5.61 2-H), 7.11 (d, J=5.00 1-H), 7.04 (m, J=2.92 1-H), 6.98 (m, J=6.70 1-H), 6.87 (m, J=7.31 2-H), 6.55 (d, J=8.17 1-H), 3.47 (q, J=6.95 2-H), 1.04 (t, J=6.95 3-H); and MS m/z=321.2.

Preparation of Example 27 3-(4-chloro-2-fluorophenyl)-4-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (94)

Step 1:

To a stirred solution of 16 (150 mg, 0.346 mmol) and 91 (60 mg, 0.346 mmol) in acetonitrile (8 mL), degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min, was added cesium carbonate (282 mg, 0.865 mmol) and Pd(dppf)Cl₂ (11 mg, 0.0138 mmol), again degassed and purged with nitrogen again for 15 min, and the RM heated to 85° C. for 4 hr in a sealed tube. After completion of the reaction the RM was cooled to rt and diluted with chloroform and filtered through celite bed. The organic layer was completely distilled off to get the crude which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pure compound at 7-8% ethyl aceate in hexane as off white colored solid compound 92.

Step 2:

To a stirred solution of 92 (100 mg, 0.229 mmol) and 2 (29 mg, 0.229 mmol) in acetonitrile (6 mL), degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min, was added cesium carbonate (186 mg, 0.574 mmol) and Pd(PPh₃)₄ (10 mg, 0.0091 mmol), again degassed and purged with nitrogen for 15 min, and the RM heated to 85° C. overnight in a sealed tube. After completion of the SM, the RM was cooled to rt and diluted with chloroform and the organic layer was passed through celite bed. The organic layer was completely distilled off the solvent to get the crude product which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pure compound at 10-11% ethyl acetate in hexane as off white solid compound 93.

Step 3:

To a stirred solution of 93 (30 mg, 0.0621 mmol) in methanol (10 mL) and water (5 mL) was added potassium carbonate (17 mg, 0.124 mmol) and the RM heated to 60° C. overnight. After completion of the SM, methanol was completely distilled off and the RM diluted with water and extracted with chloroform twice. The organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate and completely distilled off to get the crude product which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pre compound at 25-20% ethyl acetate in hexane as eluent to get the pale yellow colored solid compound 94. ¹H NMR (CDCl₃) δ: 9.51 (1-H), 8.37 (d, J=4.75 1-H), 7.43 (s, 1-H) 7.11 (m, J=8.29 2-H), 6.91 (m, J=8.29 5-H), and MS m/z=327.6.

Preparation of Example 28 3-(4-fluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-4-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (86)

Step 1:

To a stirred solution of 16 (150 mg, 0.347 mmol) and 83 (59 mg, 0.347 mmol) in acetonitrile (7 mL), degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min, was added cesium carbonate (285 mg, 0.868 mmol) and Pd(dppf)Cl₂ (11 mg, 0.0138 mmol), again degassed and purged with nitrogen for 15 min and the RM heated to 85° C. for 4 hr in a sealed tube. After completion of the reaction the RM was cooled to rt and diluted with chloroform and filtered through celite bed. The organic layer was completely distilled off to get the crude which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pure compound at 7-8% ethyl aceate in hexane as off white colored solid compound 84.

Step 2:

To a stirred solution of 84 (110 mg, 0.255 mmol) and 22 (32 mg, 0.255 mmol) in acetonitrile (7 mL), degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min, was added cesium carbonate (209 mg, 0.638 mmol) and Pd(PPh₃)₄ (11 mg, 0.0102 mmol), again degassed and purged with nitrogen for 15 min, and the RM heated to 85° C. overnight in a sealed tube. After completion of the SM, the RM was cooled to rt and diluted with chloroform and the organic layer was passed through celite bed. The organic layer was completely distilled off the solvent to get the crude product which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pure compound at 10-11% ethyl acetate in hexane as off white solid compound 85.

Step 3:

To a stirred solution of 85 (30 mg, 0.062 mmol) in methanol (10 mL) and water (5 mL) was added potassium carbonate (17 mg, 0.125 mmol) and the RM heated to 60° C. overnight. After completion of the SM, methanol was completely distilled off and the RM diluted with water then extracted with chloroform twice. The organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate and completely distilled off to get the crude product which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pre compound at 25-20% ethyl acetate in hexane as eluent to get the pale yellow colored solid compound 86. ¹H NMR (CDCl₃) δ: 9.11 (1-H), 8.33 (d, J=311 1-H), 7.32 (s, 2-H), 7.11 (m, J=13.17 3-H), 6.90 (d, J=4.50 2-H), 6.61 (t, J=6.09 1-H), 6.30 (d, J=9.14 1-H) 3.20 (s, 3-H) and MS m/z=324.8

Preparation of Example 29 4-chloro-3-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (103)

Step 1:

To a stirred solution of 16 (150 mg, 0.347 mmol) and 22 (44 mg, 0.347 mmol) in acetonitrile (7 mL), degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min, was added cesium carbonate (226 mg, 0.866 mmol) and Pd(dppf)Cl₂ (14 mg, 0.0173 mmol), again degassed and purged with nitrogen for 15 min and the RM heated to 85° C. for 4 hr in a sealed tube. After completion of the reaction the RM was cooled to rt and diluted with chloroform and filtered through celite bed. The organic layer was completely distilled off to get the crude which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pure compound at 7-8% ethyl aceate in hexane as off white colored solid compound 102.

Step 2:

To a stirred solution of 102 (70 mg, 0.180 mmol) in methanol (15 mL) and water (5 mL) was added potassium carbonate (49 mg, 0.360 mmol) and the RM heated to 60° C. overnight. After completion of the SM, methanol was completely distilled and the RM diluted with water then extracted with chloroform twice. The organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate and completely distilled off to get the crude product which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pre compound at 25-20% ethyl acetate in hexane as eluent to get the pale yellow colored solid compound 103. ¹H NMR (CDCl₃) δ: 9.78 (1-H), 8.21 (d, J=5.12 1H), 7.39 (d, J=2.31 1-H), 7.35 (m, J=3.04 2-H), 7.29 (m, J=2.92 1-H), 7.13 (d, J=5.12 1-H); and MS m/z=234.8.

Preparation of Example 30 4-(2-methoxyphenyl)-3-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (106)

Step 1:

To a stirred solution of 16 (150 mg, 0.347 mmol) and 22 (44 mg, 0.347 mmol) in acetonitrile (7 mL), degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min, was added cesium carbonate (226 mg, 0.866 mmol) and Pd(dppf)Cl₂ (14 mg, 0.0173 mmol), again degassed and purged with nitrogen for 15 min and the RM heated to 85° C. for 4 hr in a sealed tube. After completion of the reaction the RM was cooled to rt and diluted with chloroform and filtered through celite bed. The organic layer was completely distilled off to get the crude which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pure compound at 7-8% ethyl aceate in hexane as off white colored solid compound 104.

Step 2:

To a stirred solution of 104 (100 mg, 0.257 mmol) and 20 (39.1 mg, 0.257 mmol) in acetonitrile (6 mL), degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min, was added cesium carbonate (167.4 mg, 0.513 mmol) and Pd(PPh₃) (14.8 mg, 0.0128 mmol), again degassed and purged with nitrogen for 15 min, and the RM heated to 85° C. overnight in a sealed tube. After completion of the SM, the RM was cooled to rt and diluted with chloroform and the organic layer was passed through celite bed. The organic layer was completely distilled off the solvent to get the crude product which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pure compound at 10-11% ethyl acetate in hexane as off white solid compound 105.

Step 3:

To a stirred solution of 105 (45 mg, 0.0978 mmol) in methanol (15 mL) and water (5 mL) was added potassium carbonate (26.9 mg, 0.1949 mmol) and the RM heated to 60° C. overnight. After completion of the SM, methanol was completely distilled off and the RM diluted with water and extracted with chloroform twice. The organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate and completely distilled off to get the crude product which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pre compound at 25-20% ethyl acetate in hexane as eluent to get the pale yellow colored solid compound 106. ¹H NMR (CDCl₃) δ: 8.95 (s, 1H), 8.38 (d, 1H), 7.34 (d, 1H), 7.30 (m, 1H), 7.23 (d, 1H), 7.06 (d, 1H), 6.96 (m, 2H), 6.62 (m, 2H), 6.51 (m, 1H) 3.29 (s, 3H); and MS m/z=306.8.

Preparation of Example 36 3-(2-methoxypyridin-3-yl)-4-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (70, ARN-3088)

Step 1:

To a stirred solution of 16 (150 mg, 0.346 mmol) and 67 (53 mg 0.346 mmol) in acetonitrile (6 mL), degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min, was added cesium carbonate 225 mg, (0.693 mmol) and Pd(dppf)Cl₂ (14 mg 0.0173 mmol), again degassed and purged with nitrogen again for 15 min and the RM was heated to 85° C. for 4 hr in a sealed tube. After completion of the reaction the RM was cooled to rt and diluted with chloroform (50 mL) and filtered through celite bed. The organic layer was completely distilled off to get the crude which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pure compound 68 at 7-8% ethyl aceate in hexane as off white colored solid.

Step 2:

To a stirred solution of 68 (130 mg, 0.314 mmol) and 22 (45 mg 0.345 mmol) in acetonitrile (7 mL), degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min, was added cesium carbonate (205 mg, 0.628 mmol) and Pd(pph3)4 (18 mg, 0.0157 mmol), again degassed and purged with nitrogen for 15 min, and heated to 85° C. overnight in a sealed tube. After completion of the SM, the RM was cooled to rt and diluted with chloroform (50 mL) and the organic layer was passed through celite bed. The organic layer was completely distilled off the solvent to get the crude product which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pure compound 69 at 10-11% ethyl acetate in hexane as off white solid.

Step 3:

To a stirred solution of 69 (50 mg, 0.108 mmol) in methanol (10 mL) and water (5 mL) was added potassium carbonate (30 mg, 0.216 m mol) and heated to 60° C. overnight. After completion of the SM, methanol was completely distilled off and the RM diluted with water and extracted with chloroform twice. The organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate and completely distilled off to get the crude product which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pre compound at 25-20% ethyl acetate in hexane as eluent to get the pale yellow colored solid compound 70. 1H NMR (CDCl3) δ: 9.05 (1-H), 8.35 (d, J=4.87 1-H), 8.04 (m, j=3.04 1-H), 7.41 (m, J=1.95 2-H), 7.12 (d, J=4.87 1-H), 7.07 (m, J=3.04 1-H), 6.90 (m, J=5.36 2-H), 6.79 (m, J=5.12 1-H), 3.49 (s, 1-H), and MS m/z=307.9.

Preparation of Example 37 4-(3-(4-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-3-yl)pyridin-2-yl)morpholine (74)

Step 1:

To a stirred solution of 16 (150 mg, 0.346 mmol) and 71 (72 mg, 0.346 mmol) in acetonitrile (6 mL), degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min, was added cesium carbonate (225 mg, 0.693 mmol) and Pd(dppf)Cl₂ (14 mg, 0.0173 mmol), again degassed and purged with nitrogen again for 15 min and heated to 85° C. for 4 hr in a sealed tube. After completion of the reaction, the RM was cooled to rt and diluted with chloroform (50 mL) and filtered through celite bed. The organic layer was completely distilled off to get the crude which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pure compound at 7-8% ethyl aceate in hexane as off white colored solid compound 72.

Step 2:

To a stirred solution of 72 (100 mg, 0.213 mmol) and 22 (30 mg 0.345 mmol) in acetonitrile (7 mL), degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min, was added cesium carbonate (139 mg, 0.426 mmol) and Pd(PPh₃)₄ (12 mg, 0.0106 mmol), again degassed and purged with nitrogen for 15 min, and heated to 85° C. overnight in a sealed tube. After completion of the SM, the RM was cooled to rt and diluted with chloroform (50 mL) and the organic layer was passed through celite bed. The organic layer was completely distilled off the solvent to get the crude product which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pure compound at 10-11% ethyl acetate in hexane as off white solid compound 73.

Step 3:

To a stirred solution of 73 (40 mg, 0.0774 mmol) in methanol (10 mL) and water (5 mL) was added potassium carbonate (22 mg, 0.154 mmol), then heated to 60° C. overnight. After completion of the SM, methanol was completely distilled off and the RM diluted with water then extracted with chloroform twice. The organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate and completely distilled off to get the crude product which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pre compound at 25-20% ethyl acetate in hexane as eluent to get the pale yellow colored solid compound 74. 1H NMR (CDCl3) δ: 11.98 (1-H), 8.28 (d, J=4.87 1-H), 8.08 (M, J=2.92 1-H), 7.61 (d, J=2.56 1-H), 7.55 (m, J=5.48 1-H), 7.24 (m, J=2.92 1-H) 7.14 (d, J=4.87 1-H), 6.94 (m, J=4.87 3-H), 3.33 (s, 4-H), 3.07 (s, 4-H) and MS m/z=362.9.

Preparation of Example 47 3-(3-chlorophenyl)-4-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (110, ARN-3111)

Step 1:

To a stirred solution of 16 (150 mg, 0.343 mmol) and 107 (88 mg, 0.343 mmol) in acetonitrile (7 mL), degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min, was added cesium carbonate (223 mg, 0.686 mmol) and Pd(dppf)Cl₂ (14 mg, 0.0171 mmol), again degassed and purged with nitrogen for 15 min, and the RM heated to 85° C. for 4 hr in a sealed tube. After completion of the reaction the RM was cooled to rt, diluted with chloroform and filtered through celite bed. The organic layer was completely distilled off to get the crude which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pure compound at 7-8% ethyl aceate in hexane as off white colored solid compound 108.

Step 2:

To a stirred solution of 108 (100 mg, 0.239 mmol) and 22 (31 mg, 0.240 mmol) in acetonitrile (7 mL), degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min, was added cesium carbonate (155 mg, 0.475 mmol) and Pd(PPh₃)₄ (10 mg, 0.019 mmol), again degassed and purged with nitrogen for 15 min, and the RM heated to 85° C. overnight in a sealed tube. After completion of the SM, the RM was cooled to rt, diluted with chloroform and the organic layer passed through celite bed. The organic layer was completely distilled off the solvent to get the crude product which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pure compound 109 at 10-11% ethyl acetate in hexane as off white solid.

Step 3:

To a stirred solution of 109 (45 mg, 0.097 mmol) in methanol (10 mL) and water (10 mL) was added potassium carbonate (40 mg, 0.29 mmol) and the RM heated to 60° C. overnight. After completion of the SM, methanol was completely distilled off and the RM diluted with water, then extracted with chloroform twice. The organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate and completely distilled off to get the crude product, which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pre compound at 25-20% ethyl acetate in hexane as eluent to get the pale yellow colored solid compound 110. ¹H NMR (CDCl₃) δ: 9.18 (s, 1H), 8.41 (m, 1H), 7.39 (m, 1H), 7.13 (m, 6H), 6.89 (m, 2H), and MS m/z=310.8.

Preparation of Example 86 3-(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (114)

Step 1:

To a stirred solution of 16 (150 mg, 0.347 mmol) and 111 (59 mg, 0.347 mmol) in acetonitrile (7 mL), degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min, was added cesium carbonate (228 mg, 0.694 mmol) and Pd(dppf)Cl₂ (14 mg, 0.0173 mmol), again degassed and purged with nitrogen for 15 min and the RM heated to 85° C. for 4 hr in a sealed tube. After completion of the reaction the RM was cooled to rt and diluted with chloroform and filtered through celite bed. The organic layer was completely distilled off to get the crude product, which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pure compound at 10-11% ethyl aceate in hexane as off white colored solid compound 112.

Step 2:

To a stirred solution of 112 (100 mg, 0.339 mmol) and 22 (44 mg, 0.339 mmol) in acetonitrile (7 mL), degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min, was added cesium carbonate (229 mg, 0.678 mmol) and Pd(PPh₃)₄ (20 mg, 0.017 mmol), and again degassed and purged with nitrogen for 15 min. Then the RM was heated to 85° C. overnight in a sealed tube. After completion of the SM, the RM was cooled to rt and diluted with chloroform and the organic layer was passed through celite bed. The organic layer was completely distilled off to get the crude product, which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pure compound in 11-13% ethyl acetate and hexane as off white solid compound 113.

Step 3:

To a stirred solution of 113 (40 mg, 0.0816 mmol) in methanol (10 mL) and water (10 mL) was added potassium carbonate (28 mg, 0.204 mmol). The RM was heated to 60° C. overnight. After completion of the SMs, the solvent methanol was completely distilled off and diluted with water extracted with chloroform twice. The organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate and the solvents removed to get the crude product, which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the compound at 25-20% ethyl acetate in hexane as eluent to get the pale yellow colored solid compound 114. ¹H NMR (CDCl₃) δ: 9.06 (s, 1H), 8.32 (d, 1H), 7.30 (d, 1H), 7.12 (m, 2H), 7.07 (m, 1H), 6.94 (m, 1H), 6.90 (m, 1H), 6.44 (m, 1H), 6.16 (d, 1H), 3.82 (s, 3H), 3.24 (s, 3H). MS/Mz: 337.2.

Preparation of Example 87 3-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-4-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine (48)

Step 1:

To a stirred solution of compound 8 (150 mg, 0.387 mmol) and 45 (66 mg, 0.387 mmol) in acetonitrile (5 mL), degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min, was added Cs₂CO₃ (253 mg 0.775 mmol) and Pd(dppf)Cl₂ (15 mg 0.0193 mmol). The resulting RM was degassed, purged with nitrogen again for 15 min and heated to 85° C. for 4 hr in a sealed tube. After completion of the reaction, it was cooled to rt and diluted with chloroform and filtered through celite bed. The organic layer was completely distilled off to get the crude compound 46. The crude was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel, eluting the pure compound at 7-8% ethyl aceate in hexane as off white colored solid 46.

Step 2:

To a stirred solution of 46 (60 mg, 0.2135 mmol) and compound 22 (20 mg, 0.148 mmol) in acetonitrile (5 mL), degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min, was added Cs₂CO₃ (88 mg, 0.79 mmol) and Pd(PPh₃)₄ (8 mg, 0.00675 mmol) and continued degassing and purging with nitrogen for another 15 min. The resulting RM was heated to 85° C. overnight or 12 hrs in a sealed tube. After completion of the SM monitored from TLC, the RM was cooled to rt and diluted with chloroform and the organic layer was passed through celite bed. The organic layer was completely distilled off to get the crude product 47. The crude product was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pure compound 47 at 10-11% ethyl acetate in hexane as off white solid compound.

Step 3:

To a stirred solution of compound 47 (40 mg, 0.0813 mmol) in methanol (10 mL) and water (5 mL) was added K₂CO₃ (22 mg, 0.162 mmol) and heated to 60° C. for 12 hr. After completion of the SM, the solvents were removed, diluted with water and extracted with chloroform in two volumes. The organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate. The crude material was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the compound at 28-30% ethyl acetate in hexane as eluent to get the pale yellow colored solid of compound 48. ¹H NMR (CDCl₃) δ: 10.65 (s, 1H), 8.54 (d, 1H), 7.52 (s, 1H), 7.39 (m, 2H), 7.13 (m, 2H), 6.55 (m, 1H), 6.19 (d, 1H), 3.85 (s, 3H), 3.18 (s, 3H) and MS m/z=338.3

Preparation of Example 90 N,N-dimethyl-3-(4-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-3-yl)benzenesulfonamide (177)

Step 1

To a stirred solution of 115 (150 mg, 0.347 mmol) and 174 (79 mg, 0.347 mmol) in acetonitrile (10 mL), degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min, was added cesium carbonate (226 mg 0.694 mmol) and Pd(dppf)Cl₂ (14 mg, 0.017 mmol), again degassed and purged with nitrogen for 15 min and the RM heated to 85° C. for 4 hr in a sealed tube. After completion of the reaction, the RM was cooled to rt and diluted with chloroform and filtered through celite bed. The organic layer was completely distilled off to get the crude, which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pure compound at 5% ethyl aceate in hexane as off white colored solid compound 175.

Step 2

To a stirred solution of 175 (100 mg, 0.204 mmol) and 22 (26 mg, 0.204 mmol) in acetonitrile (10 mL), degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min, was added cesium carbonate (133 mg, 0.408 mmol) and Pd(dppf)Cl₂ (8 mg, 0.0102 mmol), again degassed and purged with nitrogen for 15 min and the RM heated to 85° C. for 4 hr in a sealed tube. After completion of the reaction, the RM was cooled to rt and diluted with chloroform and filtered through celite bed. The organic layer was completely distilled off to get the crude product, which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pure compound at 5% ethyl aceate in hexane as off white colored solid compound 176.

Step 3

To a stirred solution of 177 (45 mg, 0.0773 mmol) in methanol (15 mL) was added water (10 mL) and potassium carbonate (26 mg 0.193 mmol) and the RM heated to 60° C. overnight. after completion of the SM, the RM was completely distilled off and diluted with water and extract with chloroform twice. The organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate and completely distilled off to get the crude product, which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pre compound at 8-30% ethyl acetate in hexane as eluent to get the pale yellow colored solid compound 177. ¹H NMR (CDCl₃) δ: 9.09 (1-H), 8.39 (d, J=4.75 1H), 7.55 (m, J=6.9 3-H), 7.52 (m, J=14.39 1-H), 7.20 (d, J=7.80 2-H), 7.16 (m, J=4.87 2-H), 7.07 (m, J=11.58 1-H), 6.84 (d, J=4.87 1-H), 2.67 (6-H) and MS m/z=383.2 (M+H)⁺.

Preparation of Example 91 N-(tert-butyl)-N-methyl-3-(4-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-3-yl)benzenesulfonamide (181)

Step 1:

To a stirred solution of 16 (150 mg, 0.347 mmol) and 178 (94 mg, 0.347 mmol) in acetonitrile (5 mL), degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min, was added cesium carbonate (228 mg, 0.694 mmol) and Pd(dppf)Cl₂ (14.1 mg, 0.0173 mmol), again degassed and purged with nitrogen for 15 min and the RM heated to 85° C. for 4 hr in a sealed tube. After completion of the reaction, the RM was cooled to rt and diluted with chloroform and filtered through celite bed. The organic layer was completely distilled off to get the crude product, which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pure compound at 5% ethyl aceate in hexane as off white colored solid compound 179.

Step 2:

To a stirred solution of 179 (80 mg, 0.150 mmol) and 22 (21 mg, 0.165 mmol) in acetonitrile (5 mL), degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min, was added cesium carbonate and Pd(dppf)Cl₂, again degassed and purged with nitrogen for 15 min and the RM heated to 85° C. for 4 hr in a sealed tube. After completion of the reaction the RM was cooled to rt and diluted with chloroform and filtered through celite bed. The organic layer was completely distilled off to get the crude, which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pure compound at 5% ethyl aceate in hexane as off white colored solid compound 180.

Step 3:

To a stirred solution of 180 (80 mg, 0.138 mmol) in methanol (15 mL) was added water (100 mL) and potassium carbonate (47 mg 0.345 mmol) and the RM heated to 60° C. overnight. After completion of the SM, the RM was completely distilled off and diluted with water and extract with chloroform twice. The organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate and completely distilled off to get the crude product, which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pre compound at 28-30% ethyl acetate in hexane as eluent to get the pale yellow colored solid compound 181. ¹H NMR (CDCl₃) δ: 12.17 (1H), 8.31 (d, J=4.26 1H), 7.72 (s, 1-H), 7.52 (m, J=8.04 2-H), 6.95 (m, J=7.56, 6H), 2.85 (s, 3H), 1.25 (s, 9H), MS m/z=426.3 (M+H)⁺.

Preparation of Example 92 N,N-dimethyl-4-(4-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-3-yl)benzenesulfonamide (185)

Step 1:

To a stirred solution of 16 (150 mg, 0.347 mmol) and 182 (79.5 mg, 0.347 mmol) in acetonitrile (5 mL), degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min, was added cesium carbonate (226 mg, 0.695 mmol) and Pd(dppf)Cl₂ (14 mg, 0.0173 mmol), again degassed and purged with nitrogen for 15 min and the RM heated to 85° C. for 4 hr in a sealed tube. After completion of the reaction the RM was cooled to rt and diluted with chloroform and filtered through celite bed. The organic layer was completely distilled off to get the crude product, which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pure compound at 5% ethyl aceate in hexane as off white colored solid compound 183.

Step 2:

To a stirred solution of 183 (120 mg, 0.255 mmol) and 22 (49 mg, 0.384 mmol) in acetonitrile (5 mL), degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min, was added cesium carbonate (166 mg, 0.512 mmol) and Pd(dppf)Cl₂ (10 mg, 0.0127 mmol), again degassed and purged with nitrogen for 15 min and the RM heated to 85° C. for 4 hr in a sealed tube. After completion of the reaction the RM was cooled to rt and diluted with chloroform and filtered through celite bed. The organic layer was completely distilled off to get the crude product, which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pure compound at 5% ethyl aceate in hexane as off white colored solid compound 184.

Step 3:

To a stirred solution of 184 (40 mg, 0.0744 mmol) in methanol (15 mL) was added water (10 mL) and potassium carbonate (25 mg, 0.186 mmol) and the RM heated to 60° C. overnight. After completion of the SM, the RM was completely distilled off and diluted with water and extract with chloroform twice. The organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate and completely distilled off to get the crude product, which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pre compound at 28-30% ethyl acetate in hexane as eluent to get the pale yellow colored solid compound 185. ¹H NMR (CDCl₃) δ: 9.25 (1-H), 8.41 (d, J=4.87 1-H), 7.51 (m, J=8.4 2-H), 7.45 (d, J=2.56 1-H), 7.17 (m, J=5.00 3-H), 7.10 (m, J=3.04 1-H), 6.98 (m, J=4.14 1-H), 6.88 (m, J=4.87 1-H), 2.72 (S, 6-H) and MS m/z=383.9 (M+H)⁺.

Preparation of Example 93 N,N-diethyl-3-(4-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-3-yl)benzenesulfonamide (189)

Step 1:

To a stirred solution of 16 (150 mg, 0.347 mmol) and 186 (89 mg, 0.347 mmol) in acetonitrile (5 mL), degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min, was added cesium carbonate (226 mg, 0.694 mmol) and Pd(dppf)Cl₂ (14 mg, 0.0173 mmol), again degassed and purged with nitrogen for 15 min and the RM heated to 85° C. for 4 hr in a sealed tube. After completion of the reaction the RM was cooled to rt and diluted with chloroform and filtered through celite bed. The organic layer was completely distilled off to get the crude product, which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pure compound at 5% ethyl aceate in hexane as off white colored solid compound 187.

Step 2:

To a stirred solution of 187 (100 mg, 0.198 mmol) and 22 (64 mg, 0.198 mmol) in acetonitrile (5 mL), degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min, was added cesium carbonate (129 mg, 0.396 mmol) and Pd(dppf)Cl₂ (6 mg, 0.0079 mmol), again degassed and purged with nitrogen for 15 min and the RM heated to 85° C. for 4 hr in a sealed tube. After completion of the reaction the RM was cooled to rt and diluted with chloroform and filtered through celite bed. The organic layer was completely distilled off to get the crude product, which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pure compound at 5% ethyl aceate in hexane as off white colored solid compound 188.

Step 3:

To a stirred solution of 188 (60 mg, 0.1087 mmol) in methanol (10 mL) was added water (5 mL) and potassium carbonate (45 mg, 0.326 mmol) and the RM heated to 60° C. overnight. After completion of the SM, the RM was completely distilled off and diluted with water and extract with chloroform twice. The organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate and completely distilled off to get the crude product, which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pre compound at 28-30% ethyl acetate in hexane as eluent to get the pale yellow colored solid compound 189. ¹H NMR (CDCl₃) δ: 9.45 (1-H), 8.40 (S, 1-H), 7.68 (S, 1-H), 7.57 (d, J=43.1, 1-H), 7.43 (S, 1-H), 7.17 (m, J=42.56, 2-H), 6.98 (m, J=18.41, 3-H), 6.85 (d, J=52.1, 1-H), 3.21 (m, J=6.95, 4-H), 1.13 (S, 6-H) and MS m/z=412.3 (M+H)⁺.

Preparation of Example 94 N,N-dimethyl-2-(4-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-3-yl)benzenesulfonamide (193)

Step 1:

To a stirred solution of 16 (150 mg, 0.347 mmol) and 190 (79 mg, 0.347 mmol) in acetonitrile (5 mL), degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min, was added cesium carbonate (226 mg, 0.694 mmol) and Pd(dppf)Cl₂ (14 mg, 0.0173 mmol), again degassed and purged with nitrogen for 15 min and the RM heated to 85° C. for 4 hr in a sealed tube. After completion of the reaction the RM was cooled to rt and diluted with chloroform and filtered through celite bed. The organic layer was completely distilled off to get the crude, which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pure compound at 5% ethyl aceate in hexane as off white colored solid compound 190.

Step 2:

To a stirred solution of 191 (100 mg, 0.204 mmol) and 22 (26 mg, 0.204 mmol) in acetonitrile (5 mL), degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min, was added cesium carbonate (134 mg, 0.408 mmol) and Pd(dppf)Cl₂ (8 mg, 0.0101 mmol), again degassed and purged with nitrogen for 15 min and the RM heated to 85° C. for 4 hr in a sealed tube. After completion of the reaction the RM was cooled to rt and diluted with chloroform and filtered through celite bed. The organic layer was completely distilled off to get the crude, which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pure compound at 5% ethyl aceate in hexane as off white colored solid compound 192.

Step 3:

To a stirred solution of 192 (50 mg, 0.0931 mmol) in methanol (15 mL) was added water (10 mL) and potassium carbonate (32 mg, 0.232 mmol) and the RM heated to 60° C. overnight. After completion of the SM, the RM was completely distilled off and diluted with water and extract with chloroform twice. The organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate and completely distilled off to get the crude product, which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pre compound at 28-30% ethyl acetate in hexane as eluent to get the pale yellow colored solid compound 193. ¹H NMR (CDCl₃) δ: 9.41 (S, 1-H), 8.36 (d, J=5, 1-H), 7.85 (dd, J=6.7, 1-H), 7.6 (d, J=2.56, 1-H), 7.28 (m, J=6.21, 1-H), 7.12 (m, J=6.34, 2-H), 6.94 (m, J=2.92, 2-H), 6.89 (dd, J=6.34, 1-H), 6.81 (m, J=2.43, 1-H, 2.66 (S, 6-H) and MS m/z=384.2 (M+H)⁺.

Preparation of Example 95 N,N-diethyl-2-(4-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-3-yl)benzenesulfonamide (197)

Step 1:

To a stirred solution of 16 (150 mg, 0.347 mmol) and 194 (89 mg, 0.347 mmol) in acetonitrile (5 mL), degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min, was added cesium carbonate (226 mg, 0.694 mmol) and Pd(dppf)Cl₂ (14 mg, 0.0173 mmol), again degassed and purged with nitrogen for 15 min and the RM heated to 85° C. for 4 hr in a sealed tube. After completion of the reaction the RM was cooled to rt and diluted with chloroform and filtered through celite bed. The organic layer was completely distilled off to get the crude product, which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pure compound at 5% ethyl aceate in hexane as off white colored solid compound 195.

Step 2:

To a stirred solution of 195 (100 mg, 0.198 mmol) and 22 (64 mg, 0.198 mmol) in acetonitrile (5 mL), degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min, was added cesium carbonate (129 mg, 0.396 mmol) and Pd(dppf)Cl₂ (6 mg, 0.0079 mmol), again degassed and purged with nitrogen for 15 min and the RM heated to 85° C. for 4 hr in a sealed tube. After completion of the reaction the RM was cooled to rt and diluted with chloroform and filtered through celite bed. The organic layer was completely distilled off to get the crude product, which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pure compound at 5% ethyl aceate in hexane as off white colored solid compound 196.

Step 3:

To a stirred solution of 196 (60 mg, 0.108 mmol) in methanol (10 mL) was added water (5 mL) and potassium carbonate (45 mg, 0.326 mmol) and the RM heated to 60° C. overnight. After completion of the SM, the RM was completely distilled off and diluted with water and extract with chloroform twice. The organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate and completely distilled off to get the crude product, which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pre compound at 28-30% ethyl acetate in hexane as eluent to get the pale yellow colored solid compound 197. ¹H NMR (CDCl₃) δ: 9.00 (1H), 8.36 (d, J=5.0, 1-H), 7.78 (dd, J=7.92, 1H), 7.63 (d, J=63.04, 1H), 7.23 (m, J=7.92, 1-H), 7.07 (m, J=8.04 2H), 6.96 (m, J=1.7, 1H), 6.92 (m, J=2.92 1H), 6.83 (m, J=6.46, 2H), 3.2 (m, J=7.07, 4H), 1.11 (m, J=7.07, 6-H) and MS m/z=412.7 (M+H)⁺.

Preparation of Example 96 3-(4-(azetidin-1-ylsulfonyl)phenyl)-4-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (201)

Step 1:

To a stirred solution of 16 (150 mg, 0.347 mmol) and 198 (83 mg, 0.347 mmol) in acetonitrile (5 mL), degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min, was added cesium carbonate (226 mg) and Pd(dppf)Cl₂ (14 mg, 0.0176 mmol), again degassed and purged with nitrogen for 15 min and the RM heated to 85° C. for 4 hr in a sealed tube. After completion of the reaction the RM was cooled to rt and diluted with chloroform and filtered through celite bed. the organic layer was completely distilled off to get the crude product, which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pure compound at 5% ethyl aceate in hexane as off white colored solid compound 199.

Step 2:

To a stirred solution of 199 (100 mg, 0.204 mmol) and 22 (26 mg, 0.204 mmol) in acetonitrile (5 mL) degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min, was added cesium carbonate (133 mg, 0.409 mmol) and Pd(dppf)Cl₂ (6 mg, 0.00819 mmol), again degassed and purged with nitrogen for 15 min and the RM heated to 85° C. for 4 hr in a sealed tube. After completion of the reaction the RM was cooled to rt and diluted with chloroform and filtered through celite bed. The organic layer was completely distilled off to get the crude product, which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pure compound at 5% ethyl aceate in hexane as off white colored solid compound 200.

Step 3:

To a stirred solution of 200 (60 mg, 0.112 mmol) in methanol (10 mL) was added water (5 mL) and potassium carbonate (46 mg, 0.336 mmol) and the RM heated to 60° C. overnight. After completion of the reaction, the RM was completely distilled off and diluted with water and extract with chloroform twice. The organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate and completely distilled off to get the crude product, which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pre compound at 28-30% ethyl acetate in hexane as eluent to get the pale yellow colored solid compound 201. ¹H NMR (CDCl₃) δ: 9.30 (S, 1-H), 8.42 (d, J=353.77, 1-H), 7.58 (m, J=8.29 2-H), 7.2 (d, J=8.29, 1-H), 7.13 (m, J=21.21, 3-H), 7.11 (m, J=3.04, 1-H), 6.93 (m, J=4.74, 2-H) 3.79 (t, J=7.43, 4-H), 2.13 (m, J=7.56, 2-H) and MS m/z=396.3 (M+H)⁺.

Preparation of Example 97 3-(3-(pyrrolidin-1-ylsulfonyl)phenyl)-4-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (205)

Step 1:

To a stirred solution of 16 (150 mg, 0.347 mmol) and 202 (88 mg, 0.347 mmol) in acetonitrile (5 mL), degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min, was added cesium carbonate (226 mg, 0.694 mmol) and Pd(dppf)Cl₂ (14 mg, 0.0176 mmol), again degassed and purged with nitrogen for 15 min and the RM heated to 85° C. for 4 hr in a sealed tube. After completion of the reaction the RM was cooled to rt and diluted with chloroform and filtered through celite bed. the organic layer was completely distilled off to get the crude product, which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pure compound at 5% ethyl aceate in hexane as off white colored solid compound 203.

Step 2:

To a stirred solution of 203 (100 mg, 0.193 mmol) and 22 (24 mg, 0.193 mmol) in acetonitrile (5 mL), degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min, was added cesium carbonate (126 mg, 0.387 mmol) and Pd(dppf)Cl₂ (8 mg, 0.00968 mmol), again degassed and purged with nitrogen for 15 min and the RM was heated to 85° C. for 4 hr in a sealed tube. After completion of the reaction the RM was cooled to rt and diluted with chloroform and filtered through celite bed. The organic layer was completely distilled off to get the crude product, which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pure compound at 5% ethyl aceate in hexane as off white colored solid compound 204.

Step 3:

To a stirred solution of 204 (60 mg, 0.106 mmol) in methanol (100 mL) was added water (5 mL) and potassium carbonate (44 mg, 0.319 mmol) and heat the RM to 60° C. overnight. After completion of the SM, the RM was completely distilled off and diluted with water and extract with chloroform twice. The organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate and completely distilled off to get the crude product, which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pre compound at 28-30% ethyl acetate in hexane as eluent to get the pale yellow colored solid compound 205. ^(1H) NMR (CDCl₃) δ: 9.31 (1H), 8.40 (d, J=4.75 1H), 7.69 (s, 1H), 7.60 (m, J=7.56 1H), 7.43 (d, J=2.56 1H), 7.17 (m, J=6.95 2H), 7.07 (m, J=3.17 2H), 6.97 (m, J=2.19 1H), 6.84 (m, J=4.87 1H), 3.22 (m, J=6.70 4H), 1.77 (m, J=2.92 4H) and MS m/z=410.3 (M+H)⁺.

Preparation of Example 98 3-(4-(pyrrolidin-1-ylsulfonyl)phenyl)-4-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (209)

Step 1:

To a stirred solution of 16 (150 mg, 0.347 mmol) and 206 (88 mg, 0.347 mmol) in acetonitrile (5 mL) was degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min, was added cesium carbonate (226 mg, 0.694 mmol) and Pd(dppf)Cl₂ (14 mg, 0.0173 mmol), again degassed and purged with nitrogen for 15 min and the RM heated to 85° C. for 4 hr in a sealed tube. After completion of the reaction the RM was cooled to rt and diluted with chloroform and filtered through celite bed. The organic layer was completely distilled off to get the crude product, which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pure compound at 5% ethyl aceate in hexane as off white colored solid compound 207.

Step 2:

To a stirred solution of 207 (100 mg, 0.193 mmol) and 22 (24 mg, 0.193 mmol) in acetonitrile (5 mL), degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min, was added cesium carbonate (126 mg, 0.387 mmol) and Pd(dppf)Cl₂ (8 mg, 0.00968 mmol), again degassed and purged with nitrogen for 15 min and the RM heated to 85° C. for 4 hr in a sealed tube. After completion of the reaction the RM was cooled to rt and diluted with chloroform and filtered through celite bed. The organic layer was completely distilled off to get the crude product, which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pure compound at 5% ethyl aceate in hexane as off white colored solid compound 208.

Step 3:

To a stirred solution of 208 (50 mg, 0.0886 mmol) in methanol (10 mL) was added water (5 mL) and potassium carbonate (36.8 mg, 0.265 mmol) and the RM heated to 60° C. overnight. After completion of the SM, the RM was completely distilled off and diluted with water and extract with chloroform twice. The organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate and completely distilled off to get the crude product, which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pre compound at 28-30% ethyl acetate in hexane as eluent to get the pale yellow colored solid compound 209. ¹H NMR (CDCl₃) δ: 9.18 (s, 1H), 8.40 (d, J=5.00 1H), 7.56 (m, J=8.29 2-H), 7.45 (d, J=43.93 1-H), 7.16 (m, J=6.46 3H), 7.08 (m, J=3.04 1-H), 6.91 (m, J=4.63 2-H), 3.25 (m J=6.70 4-H) 1.82 (m J=6.58 4-H) and MS m/z=409.9 (M+H)⁺.

Preparation of Example 99 4-(thiophen-3-yl)-3-(2-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (213)

Step 1:

To a stirred solution of 16 (150 mg, 0.347 mmol) and 210 (48 mg, 0.347 mmol) in acetonitrile (5 mL), degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min, was added cesium carbonate (226 mg, 0.694 mmol) and Pd(dppf)Cl₂ (14 mg, 0.0173 mmol), again degassed and purged with nitrogen for 15 min and the RM heated to 85° C. for 4 hr in a sealed tube. After completion of the reaction the RM was cooled to rt and diluted with chloroform and filtered through celite bed. The organic layer was completely distilled off to get the crude product, which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pure compound at 5% ethyl aceate in hexane as off white colored solid compound 211.

Step 2:

To a stirred solution of 211 (100 mg, 0.214 mmol) and 22 (27.3 mg, 0.214 mmol) in acetonitrile (5 mL), degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min, was added cesium carbonate (174 mg, 0.535 mmol) and Pd(dppf)Cl₂ (7 mg, 0.0107 mmol), again degassed and purged with nitrogen for 15 min and the RM heated to 85° C. for 4 hr in a sealed tube. After completion of the reaction the RM was cooled to rt and diluted with chloroform and filtered through celite bed. The organic layer was completely distilled off to get the crude product, which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pure compound at 5% ethyl aceate in hexane as off white colored solid 212.

Step 3:

To a stirred solution of 212 (50 mg, 0.097 mmol) in methanol (10 mL) was added water (5 mL) and potassium carbonate (40 mg, 0.291 mmol) and the RM heated to 60° C. overnight. After completion of the sm the RM was completely distilled off and diluted with water and extract with chloroform twice. The organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate and completely distilled off to get the crude product, which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pre compound at 28-30% ethyl acetate in hexane as eluent to get the pale yellow colored solid compound 213. ¹H NMR (CDCl₃) δ: 9.52 (S, 1-H), 8.37 (d, J=5.00 1-H), 7.44 (S, 1-H), 7.20 (m, J=8.29 1-H), 7.18 (m, J=3.78 2-H), 7.02 (m J=5.00 3-H), 6.89 (m, J=2.92 1-H), 6.85 (m, J=4.87 1-H) and MS m/z=361.2 (M+H)⁺.

Preparation of Example 100 3-(2-fluoro-4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)-4-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (217)

Step 1

To a stirred solution of 16 (150 mg, 0.347 mmol) and 214 (77 mg, 0.347 mmol) in acetonitrile (5 mL), degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min, was added cesium carbonate (226 mg, 0.694 mmol) and Pd(dppf)Cl₂ (14 mg, 0.0176 mmol), again degassed and purged with nitrogen for 15 min and the RM was heated to 85° C. for 4 hr in a sealed tube. After completion of the reaction the RM was cooled to rt and diluted with chloroform and filtered through celite bed. The organic layer was completely distilled off to get the crude product, which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pure compound at 5% ethyl aceate in hexane as off white colored solid compound 215.

Step 2:

To a stirred solution of 215 (100 mg, 0.206 mmol) and 22 (26.4 mg, 0.206 mmol) in acetonitrile (5 mL), degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min, was added cesium carbonate (134 mg, 0.412 mmol) and Pd(dppf)Cl₂ (6.7 mg, 0.0082 mmol), again degassed and purged with nitrogen for 15 min and the RM was heated to 85° C. for 4 hr in a sealed tube. After completion of the reaction the RM was cooled to rt and diluted with chloroform and filtered through celite bed. The organic layer was completely distilled off to get the crude. the crude was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pure compound at 5% ethyl aceate in hexane as off white colored solid compound 216.

Step 3:

To a stirred solution of 216 (60 mg, 0.112 mmol) in methanol (10 mL) was added water (5 mL) and potassium carbonate (46 mg, 0.336 mmol) and the RM heated to 60° C. overnight. After completion of the SM, the RM was completely distilled off and diluted with water and extract with chloroform twice. the organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate and completely distilled off to get the crude product, which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pre compound at 28-30% ethyl acetate in hexane as eluent to get the pale yellow colored solid compound 217. ¹H NMR (CDCl₃) δ: 9.53 (S, 1-H), 8.39 (d, J=4.87 1-H), 7.44 (d, J=2.31 1-H), 7.40 (d, J=4.87 1-H), 7.06 (m, J=3.04 2-H), 6.97 (m, J=7.19 1-H), 6.80 (m, J=9.63 3-H) and MS m/z=378.8 (M+H)⁺.

Preparation of Example 101 3-(2,6-dimethoxypyridin-3-yl)-4-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (221)

Step 1:

To a stirred solution of 16 (150 mg, 0.347 mmol) and 218 (63.5 mg, 0.347 mmol) in acetonitrile (5 mL), degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min, was added cesium carbonate (226 mg, 0.694 mmol) and Pd(dppf)Cl₂ (14 mg, 0.0173 mmol), again degassed and purged with nitrogen for 15 min and the RM heated to 85° C. for 4 hr in a sealed tube. After completion of the reaction the RM was cooled to rt and diluted with chloroform and filtered through celite bed. the organic layer was completely distilled off to get the crude product, which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pure compound at 5% ethyl aceate in hexane as off white colored solid compound 219.

Step 2:

To a stirred solution of 219 (100 mg, 0.225 mmol) and 22 (29 mg, 0.225 mmol) in acetonitrile (5 mL), degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min, was added cesium carbonate (183 mg, 0.563 mmol) and Pd(dppf)Cl₂ (7.3 mg, 0.00112 mmol), again degassed and purged with nitrogen for 15 min and the RM heated to 85° C. for 4 hr in a sealed tube. After completion of the reaction the RM was cooled to rt and diluted with chloroform and filtered through celite bed. The organic layer was completely distilled off to get the crude product, which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pure compound at 5% ethyl aceate in hexane as off white colored solid compound 220.

Step 3:

To a stirred solution of 220 (50 mg, 0.101 mmol) in methanol (10 mL) was added water (5 mL) and potassium carbonate (42 mg, 0.305 mmol) and the RM heated to 60° C. overnight. After completion of the SM, the RM was completely distilled off and diluted with water and extract with chloroform twice. The organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate and completely distilled off to get the crude product, which was passed through 100-200 mesh silica gel eluting the pre compound at 28-30% ethyl acetate in hexane as eluent to get the pale yellow colored solid compound 221. ¹HNMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ: 9.26 (S, 1-H), 8.34 (d, J=4.75 1-H), 7.33 (m, J=6.21 2-H), 7.10 (m, J=5.00 2-H), 6.91 (m, J=5.48 2-H), 6.22 (d, J=7.92 1-H), 3.88 (S, 3-H), 3.47 (S, 3-H) and MS m/z=337.8 (M+H)⁺.

Preparation of Example 113 3-(2-methoxyphenyl)-5-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (224)

Step 1:

A solution of 115 (0.150 g, 0.315 mmol) and 222 (0.048 g, 0.315 mmol) in acetonitrile (7 mL) in a sealed tube was added Cs₂CO₃ (0.204 gm, 0.628 mmol) and degassed for 15 min. To the resulting RM was added Pd(dppf)Cl₂ DCM (0.012 gm, 0.0157 mmol) and degassed again for another 15 min and the contents were stirred for 3 hr at 90° C. After TLC monitoring, the RM allowed to cool to rt and diluted with DCM (50 mL) and filtered through celite and evaporated. The resulting crude material was purified thorough silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 6% ethyl acetate:hexane to afford the pure compound 223.

Step 2:

A solution of 223 (0.1 g, 0.219 mmol) and 22 (26 mg, 0.219 mmol) in acetonitrile (7 mL) in a sealed tube was added Cs₂CO₃ (143 mg, 0.438 mmol) and degassed for 15 min. To the RM was Pd(PPh₃)₄ (12.6 mg, 0.0109 mmol) and degassed again for 15 min. RM stirred for 3 hr at 90° C. After completion of the reaction, the RM was allowed to cool to rt and diluted with DCM (50 mL) and filtered through celite. The resulting crude material was purified through silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 6% ethyl acetate:hexane to afford the compound 224.

Step 3:

A solution of 224 (0.060 g, 0.1247 mmol) in MeOH (5 mL), water (5 mL) and K₂CO₃ (0.051 g, 0.3742 mmol) was stirred overnight at 70° C. After the termination of reaction was allowed to cool and the solvents were removed and diluted with DCM (50 mL), extracted and the organic layer washed with water and dried over Na₂SO₄ and evaporated. The resulting crude material was purified through silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 25% ethyl acetate:hexane to afford title compound 225. ¹HNMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ: 8.87 (s, 1H), 8.59 (d, 1H), 8.24 (d, 1H), 7.60 (m, 2H), 7.43 (m, 3H), 7.31 (m, 1H), 7.07 (m, 2H), 3.88 (s, 3H), MS m/z=306.8 (M+H)⁺.

Preparation of Example 114 3-(2-chloro-3-fluorophenyl)-5-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (229)

Step 1:

A solution of 115 (0.150 g, 0.315 mmol) and 226 (0.54.8 mg, 0.315 mmol) in acetonitrile (7 mL) in a sealed tube was added Cs₂CO₃ (0.206 g, 0.628 mmol) and degassed for 15 min. To the resulting RM was added Pd(dppf)Cl₂ DCM (0.012 g, 0.0157 mmol) and degassed again for another 15 min and the contents were stirred for 3 hr at 90° C. After TLC monitoring, the RM allowed to cool to rt and diluted with DCM (50 mL) and filtered through celite and evaporated. The resulting crude material was purified thorough silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 6% ethyl acetate:hexane to afford the pure compound 227.

Step 2:

A solution of 227 (0.1 g, 0.219 mmol) and 22 (26.7 mg, 0.209 mmol) in acetonitrile (7 mL) in a sealed tube was added Cs₂CO₃ (137 mg, 0.418 mmol) and degassed for 15 min. To the RM was Pd(PPh₃)₄ (12 mg, 0.0104 mmol) and degassed again for 1 min. RM stirred for 3 hr at 90° C. After completion of the reaction was allowed to cool to rt and diluted with DCM (50 mL) and filtered through celite. The resulting crude material was purified through silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 6% ethyl acetate:hexane to afford the compound 228.

Step 3:

A solution of 228 (0.060 g, 0.1247 mmol) in MeOH (5 mL), water (5 mL) and K₂CO₃ (0.051 g, 0.3742 mmol) was stirred overnight at 70° C. After the termination of reaction was allowed to cool and the solvents were removed and diluted with DCM (50 mL) extracted and the organic layer washed with water and dried over Na₂SO₄ and evaporated. The resulting crude material was purified through silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 25% ethyl acetate:hexane to afford title compound 229. ¹HNMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ: ¹HNMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃): 9.41 (s, 1H), 8.65 (s, 1H), 8.11 (s, 1H), 7.60 (d, 1H), 7.44 (m, 3H), 7.34 (m, 2H), 7.18 (m, 1H), MS m/z=328.8 (M+H)⁺.

Preparation of Example 115 3-(2-methoxyphenyl)-5-(5-methylfuran-2-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (119) Step 1:

A solution of 115 (150 mg, 0.314 mmol) and 116 (47 mg, 0.314 mmol) in acetonitrile (7 mL) was taken into a sealed tube, Cs₂CO₃ (204 mg, 0.628 mmol) added, and degassed for 15 min. To the RM was added Pd(dppf)Cl₂ DCM (0.012 g, 0.01572 mmol) and degassed again for 15 min, and stirred for 4 hr at 90° C. After 2 hr, the TLC confirmed the reaction and the RM allowed to cool to rt. The crude material was taken in to DCM (100 mL) and filtered through celite. The resulting crude material was purified via silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 5% ethyl acetate:hexane to afford compound 117.

Step 2:

A solution of 117 (0.075 g, 0.164 mmol.) and 118 (0.034 g, 0.1641 mmol) in 5 mL acetonitrile in a sealed tube was added Cs₂CO₃ (0.04 g, 0.628 mmol), and degassed for 15 min in presence of Pd(PPh₃)₄. The resulting RM was stirred overnight at 90° C., allowed to cool to rt and taken in to DCM (100 mL) and filtered through celite. The resulting oil was purified via silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 10% ethyl acetate:hexane to afford compound 119.

Step 3:

To a solution of 119 (0.070 g, 0.1528 mmol) in MeOH (5 mL) and H₂O (5 mL) was added K₂CO₃ and the RM stirred overnight at 70° C. The resulting RM was allowed to cool and evaporated completely and extracted in to DCM (50 mL) followed by water wash for two times. Organic layer was dried with Na₂SO₄ and evaporated. The crude product was purified by silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 25% ethyl acetate:hexane to afford compound 120. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ: 8.95 (s, 1H), 8.64 (s, 1H), 8.28 (d, 1H), 7.61 (m, 2H), 7.33 (m, 1H), 7.12 (m, 2H), 6.53 (d, 1H), 6.06 (d, 1H), 3.88 (s, 3H), 2.38 (s, 3H). MS m/z 304.91 [M+H]⁺.

Preparation of Example 118 2-(4-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-3-yl)phenol (161)

Compound 161: ¹HNMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ: 9.41 (bs, 1H), 8.26 (bs, 1H), 7.67 (m, 2H), 7.52 (m, 4H), 7.32 (m, 2H), 7.01 (m, 1H), 6.96 (m, 2H), MS m/z ESI: 278.8 (M+H)⁺.

Preparation of Example 120 3-(3-fluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-4-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (145)

Compound 145: ¹HNMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ: 9.43 (1s, 1H) 8.37 (d, 1H), 8.36 (m, 1H), 7.15 (d, 1H), 7.14 (m, 1H), 6.94 (m, 3H), 6.93 (m, 2H), 3.53 (s, 3H), MS m/z: 324.0 (M+H)⁺.

Preparation of Example 121 3-(3,5-difluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-4-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (149)

Compound 149: ¹HNMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ: 9.8 (b, 1H), 8.39 (d, 1H), 7.48 (s, 1H) 7.15 (m, 2H) 7.0 (m, 1H), 6.7 (m, 1H), 6.7 (m, 1H), 6.43 (m, 1H), 3.52 (m, 3H), MS m/z ESI: +342.9 (M+H)⁺.

Preparation of Example 122 2-fluoro-6-(5-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-3-yl)phenol (128)

Step 1:

A solution of 115 (150 mg, 0.314 mmol.) and 121 (49 mg, 0.3144 mmol) was dissolved in acetonitrile (100 mL) in a sealed tube and was charged with Cs₂CO₃ (204 mg, 0.628 mmol). The resulting RM was degassed for 15 min. To this RM was added Pd(dppf)Cl₂ DCM (12 mg, 0.0157 mmol) and degassed again for 15 min. RM was stirred for 4 hr at 90° C. After 4 hr and TLC monitoring confirms the consumption of SM, the RM was cooled to rt and diluted with DCM (100 mL) and filtered through celite. The resulting crude material was purified through silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 5% ethyl acetate in hexane afforded the compound 122.

Step 2:

A solution of 122 (125 mg, 0.271 mmol) and 22 (34 mg, 0.27 mmol) was dissolved in acetonitrile (5 mL) in a sealed tube. To this RM was added Cs₂CO₃ (176 mg, 0.542 mmol) and subjected to degassing for 15 min. The catalyst Pd(PPh₃)₄ (15 mg, 0.0135 mmol) was added and degassed again for 15 min. The resulting RM was stirred overnight at 90° C. After TLC with the Rf changes from the SM confirmed the completion of the reaction, the contents were cooled to rt and diluted with DCM (100 mL) and filtered through celite. The resulting crude material was purified from silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 10% ethyl acetate:hexane to afford compound 123.

Step 3:

Compound 123 (50 mg, 0.105 mmol) in MeOH (10 mL) and H₂O (5 mL) was added K₂CO₃ (36 mg, 0.262 mmol) and the RM was stirred overnight at 70° C. After completion of the reaction from TLC, the solvent MeOH was evaporated completely and the crude material was diluted with DCM (50 mL) followed by water wash for two times and the organic layer was dried with Na₂SO₄ and evaporated. The resulting crude compound was purified from silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 25% ethyl acetate:hexane to afford the compound 128. ¹HNMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃): 10.24 (s, 1H), 8.55 (s, 1H), 8.33 (d, 1H), 7.67 (s, 1H), 7.43 (m, 3H), 7.1 (d, 1H), 7.09 (m, 1H), 6.96 (m, 1H), 5.34 (s, 1H), MS m/z: 310.8 (M+H)⁺.

Preparation of Example 123 2-(5-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-3-yl)phenol (132)

Step 1:

A solution of 115 (150 mg, 0.314 mmol.) and 129 (43 mg, 0.314 mmol) was dissolved in acetonitrile (10 mL) in a sealed tube and charged with Cs₂CO₃ (204 mg, 0.628 mmol). The resulting RM was degassed for 15 min. To this RM was added Pd(dppf)Cl₂ DCM (12 mg, 0.0157 mmol) and degassed again for 15 min. RM was stirred for 4 hr at 90° C. After 4 hr and TLC monitoring confirmed the consumption of SM, the contents of reaction was cooled to rt and diluted with DCM (100 mL) and filtered through celite. The resulting crude material was purified through silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 5% ethyl acetate in hexane to afford the compound 130.

Step 2:

A solution of 130 (100 mg, 0.25 mmol) and 22 (34 mg, 0.27 mmol) was dissolved in acetonitrile (5 mL) in a sealed tube. To this RM was added Cs₂CO₃ (147 mg, 0.542 mmol) and degassed for 15 min. The catalyst Pd(PPh₃)₄ (13 mg, 0.0122 mmol) was added and degassed again for 15 min. The resulting RM was stirred overnight at 90° C. After TLC with the Rf changes from the SM confirmed the completion of the reaction, the contents were cooled to rt and diluted with DCM (100 mL) and filtered through celite. The resulting crude material was purified from silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 10% ethyl acetate:hexane to afford compound 131.

Step 3:

Compound 131 (60 mg, 0.131 mmol) in MeOH (10 mL) and H₂O (5 mL) was added K₂CO₃ (45 mg, 0.38 mmol) and the RM was stirred overnight at 70° C. After completion of the reaction from TLC, the solvent MeOH was evaporated completely and the crude material was diluted with DCM (50 mL) followed by water wash for two times and the organic layer was dried with Na₂SO₄ and evaporated. The resulting crude compound was purified from silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 25% ethyl acetate:hexane to afford the compound 132. ¹HNMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ: 11.80 (s, 1H), 9.53 (s, 1H), 8.62 (d, 1H), 8.30 (d, 1H), 7.87 (m, 1H), 7.74 (d, 2H), 7.6 (m, 3H), 7.13 (m, 1H), 6.93 (m, 2H). MS m/z: 292.7 (M+H)⁺.

Preparation of Example 124 2,4-difluoro-6-(5-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-3-yl)phenol (153)

Compound 153: ¹HNMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ: 12.0 (s, 1H), 8.64 (d, 1H), 8.31 (d, 1H), 7.90 (m, 1H), 7.84 (s, 1H), 7.65 (m, 2H), 7.22 (m, 1H), 7.1 (m, 1H), MS m/z ESI: 328.8. (M+H)⁺.

Preparation of Example 125 3-(3-fluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-5-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (124)

Step 1:

To a solution of 115 (0.150 g, 0.314 mmol.) and 121 (0.049 g, 0.314 mmol) in a sealed tube was dissolved acetonitrile (7 mL) and then Cs₂CO₃ (0.204 g, 0.628 mmol) was charged. The resulting RM was degassed for 15 min. To this RM was added Pd(dppf)Cl₂ DCM (0.012 g, 0.0157 mmol) and degassed again for 15 min. The resulting RM was stirred for 2 hr at 90° C. After 4 hr, TLC monitoring confirmed the consumption of SMs and the RM was cooled to rt and diluted with DCM (100 mL) and filtered through celite. The resulting crude material was purified via silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 5% ethyl acetate in hexane to afford compound 122.

Step 2:

A solution of 122 (0.100 g, 0.210 mmol) and 22 (0.027 g, 0.210 mmol) was dissolved in acetonitrile (5 mL) in a sealed tube. To this RM, Cs₂CO₃ (0.137 g, 0.421 mmol) was added and degassed for 15 min. The catalyst Pd(PPh₃)₄ (0.012 g, 0.010 mmol) was added and degassed again for 15 min. The resulting RM was stirred overnight at 90° C. After TLC showed completion of changes from the SM, the RM was allowed to cool to rt. DCM (100 mL) was added and filtered through celite. The resulting oil was purified via silica gel chromatography at a gradient of 10% ethyl acetate:hexane to afford compound 123.

Step 3:

To Compound 123 (0.050 g, 0.104 mmol) in MeOH (10 mL) and H₂O (5 mL) was added K₂CO₃ (0.035 g, 0.260 mmol) and the RM stirred overnight at 70° C. After completion of the reaction from TLC, the resulting contents were evaporated of methanol completely and diluted with DCM (50 mL) followed by water wash for two times and the organic layer was dried with Na₂SO₄ and evaporated. The resulting crude was purified via silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 25% ethyl acetate:hexane to afford compound 124. ¹HNMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃): 9.26 (s, 1H), 8.63 (s, 1H), 8.31 (d, 1H), 7.69 (d, 1H), 7.48 (d, 1H), 7.44 d, 2H), 7.38 (m, 1H), 7.11 (m, 2H), 3.75 (s, 3H). MS m/z: 324.8 (M+H)⁺.

Preparation of Example 126 3-(3,5-difluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-5-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (157)

Compound 157: ¹HNMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ: 12.14, (t, 1H), 6.8 (m, 1H), 8.32 (m, 1H), 7.87 (m, 2H), 7.65 (m, 2H), 7.31 (m, 2H), 3.61 (m, 3H), MS m/z ESI: 342.8 (M+H)⁺.

Preparation of Example 128 2-fluoro-6-(5-(5-methylfuran-2-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-3-yl)phenol (136)

Compound 136: ¹HNMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ: 10.03 (s, 1H), 8.61 (d, 1H), 8.31 (d, 1H), 7.65 (s, 1H), 7.34 (m, 1H), 7.12 (m, 1H), 6.99 (m, 1H), 6.54 (d, 1H), 6.07 (d, 1H), 2.13 (s, 3H), MS m/z: 308.8 (M+H)⁺.

Preparation of Example 129 3-(2-chloro-3-fluorophenyl)-5-(5-methylfuran-2-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (163)

Compound 163: ¹HNMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ: 9.99 (S, 1H), 8.16 (d, 1H), 7.62 (d, 1H), 7.36 (m, 2H), 7.19 (m, 1H), 7.56 (d, 1H), 6.08 (m, 1H), MS m/z ESI: 326.9 (M+H)⁺.

Preparation of Example 131 3-(2-chloro-3-fluorophenyl)-5-(4-methylthiophen-2-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (141)

Compound 141: ¹HNMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ: 9.08 (s, 1H), 8.62 (s, 1H), 8.09 (s, 1H), 7.59 (d, 1H), 7.34 (m, 2H), 7.32 (m, 1H), 7.12 (s, 1H), 6.88 (t, 1H) 2.30 (s, 3H), MS m/z: 342.7 (M+H)⁺.

Preparation of Example 133 4-((5-(3-(2-chloro-3-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-5-yl)thiophen-2-yl)methyl)morpholine (263) Step 1:

To a solution of 227 (100 mg, 0.208 mmol) and 236 (47 mg, 0.208 mmol), in acetonitrile (7 mL) was added cesium carbonate (135 mg, 0.416 mmol). The RM was degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min. Pd(dppf)Cl₂ (8 mg, 0.01042 mmol) was added to the reaction. The RM was again degassed and purged with nitrogen for another 5 min, and heated to 80° C. in a sealed tube overnight. The reaction was allowed to cool to rt and diluted with chloroform. The organic layer was concentrated to get the crude product, which was purified through flash chromatography by using 100-200 mesh silica gel. The compound was eluted at 40% ethyl acetate in hexane as half white colored solid compound 262.

Step 2:

A solution of 262 (60 mg, 0.103 mmol) in methanol (20 mL) and water (5 mL) was added potassium carbonate (42 mg, 0.3092 mmol). The reaction was heated to 60° C. overnight. The solvent was completely distilled off and the remainder diluted with water (25 mL) and extracted with chloroform twice (2×25 mL). The combined organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate, filtered and concentrated to get the crude material, which was purified through flash chromatography by using 100-200 mesh silica gel. The compound was eluted at 60% ethyl acetate in hexane as pale yellow solid compound 263. ¹HNMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃): 9.42 (bs, 1H), 8.62 (d, 1H), 8.07 (d, 1H), 7.60 (d, 1H), 7.32 (m, 2H), 7.17 (m, 2H), 6.90 (d, 1H), 4.05 (m, 4H), 3.74 (m, 6H), 3.44 (m, 4H), MS-ES+426.01.

Preparation of Example 135 3-(3-(2-chloro-3-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-5-yl)-N,N-dimethylbenzenesulfonamide (231)

Compound 232: ¹HNMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ: 9.86 (s, 1H), 8.63 (d, 1H), 8.13 (d, 1H), 8.01 (s, 1H), 7.85 (d, 1H), 7.77 (m, 1H), 7.65 (m, 2H), 7.35 (m, 2H), 7.19 (m, 1H), 2.76 (s, 6H), MS m/z=329.9 (M+H)⁺.

Preparation of Example 138 3-(3-chloro-2-fluorophenyl)-5-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (165)

Compound 165: ¹HNMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ: 9.71 (m, 1H), 8.66 (d, 1H), 8.27 (s, 1H), 7.67 (s, 1H), 7.58 (m, 1H), 7.5 (m, 1H), 7.49 (m, 2H), 7.45 (m, 1H), 7.19 (t, 1H), MS m/z ESI: 328.8 (M+H)⁺.

Preparation of Example 139 3-(2-chlorophenyl)-5-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (169)

Compound 169: ¹HNMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ: 9.7 (S, 1H), 8.65 (d, 1H), 8.13 (d, 1H), 7.6 (d, 1H), 7.54 (m, 2H), 7.46 (m, 1H), 7.43 (m, 2H), 7.42 (m, 2H), MS m/z ESI: 310.8 (M+H)⁺.

Preparation of Example 140 3-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-5-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (173)

Compound 173: ¹HNMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ: 9.09 (b, 1H), 8.64 (m, 1H), 8.28 (S, 1H), 7.66 (d, 1H), 7.46-749 (m, 4H), MS m/z ESI: 326.8, (M+H).

Preparation of Example 142 4-((5-(3-(3-fluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-5-yl)thiophen-2-yl)methyl)morpholine (235)

Compound 235: ¹HNMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ: 8.94 (s, 1H), 8.61 (d, 1H), 8.26 (d, 1H), 7.66 (d, 1H), 7.35 (m, 1H), 7.15 (m, 1H), 7.06 (m, 3H), 6.90 (d, 1H), 3.76 (m, 3H), 3.72 (s, 2H), 2.54 (m, 4H), 1.94 (m, 4H), MS m/z=422.1 (M+H)⁺.

Preparation of Example 143 4-((5-(3-(3,5-difluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-5-yl)thiophen-2-yl)methyl)morpholine (238)

Compound 238: ¹HNMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ: 9.26 (bs, 1H), 8.63 (bs, 1H), 8.27 (s, 1H), 7.71 (d, 1H), 7.17 (d, 1H), 7.09 (m, 1H), 6.92 (d, 1H), 6.84 (m, ), 3.75 (m, 5H), 2.55 (bs, 4H), 1.95 (m, 2H), 1.68 (m, 2H), MS m/z=440.1 (M+H)⁺.

Preparation of Example 148 5-(5-chlorothiophen-2-yl)-3-(3-fluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (254)

Compound 254: ¹HNMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ: 9.02 (s, 1H), 8.54 (s, 1H), 8.20 (d, 1H), 7.67 (d, 1H), 7.33 (m, 1H), 7.09 (m, 3H), 6.92 (d, 1H), 3.76 (s, 3H); MS m/z=358.9 (M+H).

Preparation of Example 167 5-(5-chlorothiophen-2-yl)-3-(3,5-difluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (256)

Compound 256: ¹HNMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ: 9.40 (s, H), 8.55 (d, 1H), 8.21 (d, 1H), 7.73 (s, 1H), 7.09 (m, 2H), 6.93 (d, 1H), 6.85 (m, 1H), 3.69 (s, 3H), MS m/z=376.9 (M+H).

Preparation of Example 168 3-(3-fluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-5-(5-methylfuran-2-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (259)

Compound 259: ¹HNMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ: 9.91 (s, 1H), 8.68 (d, 1H), 8.34 (d, 1H), 7.69 (s, 1H), 7.38 (d, 1H), 7.16 (m, 2H), 6.56 (d, 1H), 6.08 (d, 1H), 3.75 (s, 1H), 2.40 (s, 3H), MS m/z=322.9 (M+H).

Preparation of Example 169 3-(3,5-difluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-5-(5-methylfuran-2-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (261)

Compound 261: ¹HNMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ: 9.32 (s, 1H), 8.67 (d, 1H), 8.32 (d, 1H), 7.71 (s, 1H), 7.14 (m, 1H), 6.84 (m, 1H), 6.57 (m, 1H), 6.08 (m, 1H), 3.69 (s, 3H), 2.41 (s, 3H), MS m/z=339.0 (M+H).

Preparation of Example 174 3-(3-fluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-5-(5-(pyrrolidin-1-ylmethyl)thiophen-2-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (266)

Compound 266: ¹HNMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ: 9.19 (bs, 1H), 8.62 (s, 1H), 8.28 (bs, 1H), 7.68 (d, 1H), 7.35 (d, 1H), 7.14 (m, 3H), 7.05 (s, 1H), 3.86 (s, 2H), 3.76 (s, 3H), 2.64 (bs, 4H), 1.84 (bs, 4H), MS-ES+406.1 (M+H).

Preparation of Example 175 3-(3-fluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-5-(5-(piperidin-1-ylmethyl)thiophen-2-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (268)

Compound 268: ¹HNMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ: 9.10 (bs 1H), 8.62 (d, 1H), 8.27 (d, 1H), 7.67 (d, 1H), 7.36 (m, 1H), 7.12 (m, 3H), 6.89 (bs, 1H), 3.76 (m, 3H), 3.71 (m, 2H), 2.48 (m, 4H), 1.62 (m, 4H), 1.45 (m, 2H), MS-ES+422.1 (M+H).

Preparation of Example 176 4-(5-(3-(3-fluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-5-yl)thiazol-2-yl)morpholine (271)

Compound 271: ¹HNMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ: 9.64 (s, 1H), 8.49 (s, 1H), 8.12 (d, 1H), 7.68 (d, 1H), 7.33 (d, 1H), 7.14 (m, 1H), 7.08 (m, 2H), 3.85 (m, 4H), 3.75 (s, 3H), 3.52 (m, 4H), MS-ES+411.0 (M+H).

Preparation of Example 177 3-(3,5-difluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-5-(5-(pyrrolidin-1-ylmethyl)thiophen-2-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (273)

Compound 273: ¹HNMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ: 9.62 (s, 1H), 8.63 (d, 1H), 8.28 (d, 1H), 7.73 (d, 1H), 7.17 (d, 1H), 7.09 (m, 1H), 6.92 (d, 1H), 6.84 (m, 1H), 3.86 (s, 2H), 3.70 (s, 3H), 2.63 (bs, 4H), 1.83 (bs, 4H), MS-ES+426.0 (M+H).

Preparation of Example 178 3-(3,5-difluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-5-(5-(piperidin-1-ylmethyl)thiophen-2-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (275)

Compound 275: ¹HNMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ: 9.49 (bs, 1H), 8.63 (s, 1H), 8.27 (d, 1H), 7.73 (bs, 1H), 7.17 (d, 1H), 7.10 (m, 1H), 6.84 (m, 1H), 6.81 (m, 1H), 4.05 (m, 2H), 3.70 (m, 5H), 3.48 (m, 2H), 2.48 (bs, 4H), 1.92 (m, 2H), MS-ES+440.0 (M+H).

Preparation of Example 179 4-(5-(3-(3,5-difluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-5-yl)thiazol-2-yl)morpholine (277)

Compound 277: ¹HNMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ: 9.43 (s, 1H), 8.51 (d, 1H), 8.12 (d, 1H), 7.72 (d, 1H), 7.42 (s, 1H), 7.08 (m, 1H), 6.84 (m, 1H), 3.84 (m, 4H), 3.69 (s, 3H), 3.53 (m, 4H), MS-ES+429.0 (M+H).

Preparation of Example 180 N-(4-((4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)methyl)phenyl)-4-(thiophen-3-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (240)

Compound 240: ¹HNMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ: 8.61 (s, 1H), 8.32 (s, 1H), 8.09 (s, 1H), 7.80 (m, 3H), 7.60 (m, 1H), 7.36 (d, 1H), 7.15 (m, 2H), 3.77 (s, 3H), 3.01 (s, 3H), 1.39 (s, 9H): MS m/z=468.1 (M+H).

Preparation of Example 181 N-(tert-butyl)-3-(3-(3,5-difluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-5-yl)-N-methylbenzenesulfonamide (242)

Compound 242: ¹HNMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ: 9.55 (s, 1H), 8.62 (s, 1H), 8.31 (s, 1H), 8.08 (s, 1H), 7.79 (m, 3H), 7.60 (t, 1H), 7.10 (m, 1H), 6.85 (m, 1H), 3.70 (s, 3H), 3.02 (s, 3H), 1.39 (s, 9H), MS m/z=486.1 (M+H).

Preparation of Example 182 3-(3-fluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-5-(3-(pyrrolidin-1-ylsulfonyl)phenyl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (245)

Compound 245: ¹HNMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ: 9.25 (s, 1H), 8.61 (s, 1H), 8.31 (d, 1H), 8.08 (d, 1H), 7.82 (m, 2H), 7.72 (d, 1H), 7.63 (t, 1H), 7.36 (m, 1H), 7.11 (m, 2H), 3.76 (s, 3H), 3.30 (m, 4H), 1.79 (m, 4H), MS m/z=452.0 (M+H).

Preparation of Example 183 3-(3,5-difluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-5-(3-(pyrrolidin-1-ylsulfonyl)phenyl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (247)

Compound 247: ¹HNMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ: 9.63 (s, 1H), 8.63 (s, 1H), 8.31 (s, 1H), 8.09 (s, 1H), 7.85 (m, 2H), 7.67 (m, 1H), 7.63 (m, 1H), 7.09 (m, 1H), 6.86 (m, 1H), 3.70 (s, 3H), 3.31 (m, 4H), 1.80 (m, 4H), MS m/z=470.1 (M+H).

Preparation of Example 184 3-(3-(3-fluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-5-yl)-N,N-dimethylbenzenesulfonamide (249)

Compound 249: ¹HNMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ: 9.63 (s, 1H), 8.63 (s, 1H), 8.31 (s, 1H), 8.09 (s, 1H), 7.85 (m, 2H), 7.67 (m, 1H), 7.63 (m, 1H), 7.09 (m, 1H), 6.86 (m, 1H), 3.70 (s, 3H), 3.31 (m, 4H), 1.80 (m, 4H), MS m/z=470.1 (M+H).

Preparation of Example 185 3-(3-(3,5-difluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-5-yl)-N,N-dimethylbenzenesulfonamide (251)

Compound 251: ¹HNMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ: 9.77 (s, 1H), 8.61 (s, 1H), 8.31 (s, 1H), 8.03 (s, 1H), 7.86 (d, 1H), 7.78 (m, 2H), 7.65 (m, 1H), 7.09 (m, 1H), 6.86 (m, 1H), 3.70 (s, 3H), 2.77 (s, 6H), MS m/z=446.13 (M+H).

Preparation of Example 190 3-(3-fluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-5-(1-(piperidin-4-yl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (280)

Compound 280: ¹HNMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ: 9.36 (s, 1H), 8.50 (s, 1H), 8.17 (d, 1H), 7.76 (m, 2H), 7.65 (s, 1H), 7.35 (s, 1H), 7.08 (m, 2H), 4.29 (m, 1H), 4.05 (m, 4H), 3.73 (s, 3H), 3.28 (m, 2H), 2.81 (m, 2H), MS-ES+392.1 (M+H).

Preparation of Example 191 3-(3,5-difluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-5-(1-(piperidin-4-yl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (282)

Compound 282: ¹HNMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ: 12.06 (s, 1H), 8.65 (s, 1H), 8.57 (s, 1H), 8.40 (d, 1H), 8.30 (d, 1H), 8.20 (s, 1H), 7.82 (d, 1H), 7.25 (m, 2H), 4.50 (m, 1H), 3.60 (s, 3H), 3.09 (m, 2H), 2.23 (m, 4H), MS-ES+410.1 (M+H).

Preparation of Example 192 2-(5-(5-(morpholinomethyl)thiophen-2-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-3-yl)phenol (286)

Step 1:

To a solution of 115 (150 mg, 0.314 mmol) and (2-hydroxyphenyl) boronic acid 283 (43 mg, 0.314 mmol) in acetonitrile (5 mL) was added cesium carbonate (204 mg, 0.628 mmol). The resulting reaction was degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min. Pd (dppf) C12 (12 mg, 0.0157 mmol) was added to the reaction and the reaction was again degassed and purged with nitrogen for another 5 min. The reaction was heated to 80° C. in a sealed tube overnight. After completion, the reaction was allowed to cool to rt and diluted with chloroform. The organic layer was concentrated to get the crude, which was purified through flash chromatography by using 100-200 mesh silica gel. The compound was eluted at 30% ethyl acetate in hexane as half white coloured solid compound 2-(5-bromo-1-tosyl-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-3-yl)phenol 284.

Step 2:

To a solution of compound 284 (100 mg, 0.225 mmol) and 236 (51 mg, 0.225 mmol) in acetonitrile (5 mL) was added cesium carbonate (146 mg, 0.4451 mmol). The reaction was degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min. Pd (dppf) Cl₂ (9 mg, 0.01127 mmol) was added to the reaction, which was again degassed and purged with nitrogen for another 5 min. The reaction was heated to 80° C. in a sealed tube overnight. The reaction was allowed to cool to rt and diluted with chloroform. The organic layer was concentrated to get the crude, which was purified through flash chromatography by using 100-200 mesh silica gel. The compound was eluted at 60% ethyl acetate in hexane as half-white coloured solid compound 285.

Step 3:

To a solution of 285 (50 mg, 0.0916 mmol) in methanol (20 mL) and water (5 mL) was added potassium carbonate (37 mg, 0.274 mmol). The reaction was heated to 60° C. overnight. The solvent was completely distilled off and the remainder diluted with water (25 mL) and extracted with chloroform twice (2×25 mL). The combined organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate, filtered, and concentrated to get the crude, which was purified through flash chromatography by using neutral alumina. The compound was eluted at 0.5% methanol in dichloromethane as pale yellow solid compound 2-(5-(5-(morpholinomethyl)thiophen-2-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-3-yl)phenol 286. ¹H NMR (CDCl₃) δ: 9.33 (bs, 1H), 8.63 (bs, 1H), 8.11 (d, 1H), 7.52 (d, 1H), 7.41 (m, 2H), 7.30 (m, 1H), 7.12 (m, 1H), 7.07 (m, 2H), 6.90 (d, 1H), 3.76 (m, 6H), 2.53 (m, 4H) and MS m/z=392 (M+H).

Preparation of Example 193 2-fluoro-6-(5-(5-(morpholinomethyl)thiophen-2-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-3-yl)phenol (290)

Step 1:

To a solution of 288 (100 mg, 0.216 mmol) and 236 (49 mg, 0.216 mmol) in acetonitrile (7 mL) was added cesium carbonate (141 mg, 0.433 mmol). The reaction was degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min. Pd(dppf)Cl₂. (8 mg, 0.108 mmol) was added to the RM, which was again degassed and purged with nitrogen for another 5 min. The RM was heated to 80° C. in a sealed tube overnight. The reaction was allowed to cool to rt and diluted with chloroform. The organic layer was concentrated to get the crude product, which was purified through flash chromatography by using 100-200 mesh silica gel. The compound was eluted at 42% ethyl acetate in hexane as half white colored solid compound 289.

Step 2:

To a solution of 289 (50 mg, 0.0887 mmol) in methanol (15 mL) and water (5 mL) was added potassium carbonate (36 mg, 0.266 mmol). The RM was heated to 60° C. overnight. The solvent was completely distilled and the RM diluted with water (25 mL) and extracted with chloroform twice (2×25 mL). The combined organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate, filtered and concentrated to get the crude compound, which was purified through flash chromatography by using 100-200 mesh silica gel. The compound was eluted at 65% ethyl acetate in hexane as pale yellow solid compound 290. ¹HNMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃): 12.00 (bs, 1H), 9.62 (bs, 1H), 8.55 (d, 1H), 8.17 (d, 1H), 7.77 (d, 1H), 7.35 (m, 2H), 7.12 (m, 1H), 6.97 (d, 1H), 6.89 (m, 1H), 3.67 (bs, 2H), 3.57 (m, 4H), 2.43 (m, 4H); MS-ES+408.8

Preparation of Example 194 4-((5-(3-(2,2-difluorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-4-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-5-yl)thiophen-2-yl)methyl)morpholine (294)

Step 1:

To a solution of 115 (150 mg, 0.314 mmol) and 291 (63 mg, 0.314 mmol) in acetonitrile (5 mL) was added cesium carbonate (204 mg, 0.628 mmol). The RM was degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min. Pd(dppf)Cl₂ (12 mg, 0.0157 mmol) was added and the RM was again degassed and purged with nitrogen for another 5 min. The RM was heated to 80° C. in a sealed tube overnight and then allowed to cool to rt and diluted with chloroform. The organic layer was concentrated to get the crude product, which was purified through flash chromatography by using 100-200 mesh silica gel. The compound was eluted at 6% ethyl acetate in hexane as half white colored solid compound 292.

Step 2:

To a solution of 292 (100 mg, 0.197 mmol) and 236 (44 mg, 0.197 mmol) in acetonitrile (7 mL) was added cesium carbonate (128 mg, 0.394 mmol). The RM was degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min. Pd(dppf)Cl₂ (8 mg, 0.00985 mmol) was added, and the RM was again degassed and purged with nitrogen for another 5 min, then heated to 80° C. in a sealed tube overnight. The RM was allowed to cool to rt and diluted with chloroform. The organic layer was concentrated to get the crude product, which was purified through flash chromatography by using 100-200 mesh silica gel. The compound was eluted at 40% ethyl acetate in hexane as half white colored solid compound 293.

Step 3:

To a solution of 293 (60 mg, 0.9836 mmol) in methanol (20 mL) and water (8 mL) was added potassium carbonate (40 mg, 0.295 mmol). The RM was heated to 60° C. overnight. The solvent was completely distilled off and the remainder diluted with water (25 mL) and extracted with chloroform twice (2×25 mL). The combined organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate, filtered and concentrated to get the crude compound, which was purified through flash chromatography by using 100-200 mesh silica gel. The compound was eluted at 60% ethyl acetate in hexane as pale yellow solid compound 294. ¹HNMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃): 9.75 (s, 1H), 8.66 (d, 1H), 8.39 (d, 1H), 7.81 (d, 1H), 7.49 (d, 1H), 7.20 (m, 2H), 7.00 (d, 1H), 6.93 (d, 1H), 3.74 (m, 6H), 2.55 (m, 4H) MS-ES+456.1

Preparation of Example 195 4-(5-(3-(2,2-difluorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-4-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-5-yl)thiazol-2-yl)morpholine (296)

Step 1:

To a solution of 292 (100 mg, 0.197 mmol) and 269 (42 mg, 0.197 mmol) in acetonitrile (5 mL) was added cesium carbonate (128 mg, 0.394 mmol). The RM was degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min. Pd(dppf)Cl₂ (8 mg, 0.00985 mmol) was added and the RM was again degassed and purged with nitrogen for another 5 min. The RM was heated to 80° C. in a sealed tube overnight, then allowed to cool to rt and diluted with chloroform. The organic layer was concentrated to get the crude product, which was purified through flash chromatography by using 100-200 mesh silica gel. The compound was eluted at 40% ethyl acetate in hexane as half white colored solid compound 295.

Step 2:

To a solution of 295 (60 mg, 0.1005 mmol) in methanol (20 mL) and water (5 mL) was added potassium carbonate (41 mg, 0.3016 mmol). The RM was heated to 60° C. overnight. The solvent was completely distilled off and the remainder diluted with water (25 mL) and extracted with chloroform twice (2×25 mL). The combined organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate, filtered and concentrated to get the crude compound. The crude was purified through flash chromatography by using 100-200 mesh silica gel. The compound was eluted at 70% ethyl acetate in hexane as pale yellow solid compound 296. ¹HNMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃): 9.51 (bs, 1H), 8.52 (d, 1H), 8.23 (d, 1H), 7.77 (d, 1H), 7.44 (m, 2H), 7.20 (t, 1H), 7.00 (d, 1H), 3.84 (m, 4H), 3.53 (m, 4H). MS-ES+443.09

Preparation of Example 196 N-(tertbutyl)-3-(3-(2,2-difluorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-4-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-5-yl)-N-methylbenzene-sulfonamide (298)

Step 1:

To a solution of compound 292 (100 mg, 0.1971 mmol) and 178 (0.53 mg, 0.197 mol) in acetonitrile (5 mL) was added cesium carbonate (128 mg, 0.3942 mmol). The reaction was degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min and charged with Pd(dppf)Cl₂ (8 mg, 0.009856 mmol). The reaction was again degassed and purged with nitrogen for another 5 min. The reaction was heated to 80° C. in a sealed tube overnight, allowed to cool to rt, and diluted with chloroform. The organic layer was concentrated to get the crude. The crude was purified through flash chromatography by using 100-200 mesh silica gel. The compound was eluted at 35% ethyl acetate in hexane as half white coloured solid compound 297.

Step 2:

To a solution of 297 (70 mg, 0.10707 mmol) in methanol (20 mL) and water (5 mL) was added potassium carbonate (44 mg, 0.3212 mmol). The reaction was heated to 60° C. overnight. The solvent was completely distilled off and the remainder diluted with water (25 mL) and extracted with chloroform twice (2×25 mL). The combined organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate, filtered and concentrated to get the crude, which was purified through flash chromatography by using neutral alumina. The compound was eluted at 2% methanol in chloroform as half white solid 298. ¹H NMR (CDCl₃) δ: 9.66 (bs, 1H), 8.64 (bs, 1H), 8.41 (d, 1H), 8.10 (m, 1H), 7.83 (m, 3H), 7.59 (m, 1H), 7.49 (m, 1H), 7.21 (m, 1H), 7.01 (m, 1H), 3.02 (s, 3H), 1.39 (s, 9H) and MS m/z=500.1 (M+H).

Preparation of Example 197 3-(2,2-difluorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-4-yl)-5-(5-(pyrrolidin-1-ylmethyl)thiophen-2-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (300)

Step 1:

To a solution of compound 292 (100 mg, 0.1971 mmol) and 264 (57 mg, 0.1971 mmol) in acetonitrile (5 mL) was added cesium carbonate (128 mg, 0.3942 mmol). The reaction was degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min. Pd (dppf) Cl₂ (8 mg, 0.00985 mmol) was added to the reaction, which was again degassed and purged with nitrogen for another 5 min. The reaction was heated to 80° C. in a sealed tube overnight, allowed to cool to rt and diluted with chloroform. The organic layer was concentrated to get the crude, which was purified through flash chromatography by using 100-200 mesh silica gel. Eluting at 40% ethyl acetate in hexane gave a half white coloured solid 299.

Step 2:

To a solution of 299 (60 mg, 0.101 mmol) in methanol (20 mL) and water (5 mL) was added potassium carbonate (41 mg, 0,303 mmol). The reaction was heated to 60° C. overnight. The solvent was completely distilled off and the remainder diluted with water (25 mL), and extracted with chloroform twice (2×25 mL). The combined organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate, filtered, and concentrated to get the crude, which was purified through flash chromatography by using neutral alumina. The compound was eluted at 0.5% methanol in chloroform as pale brown solid compound 300. ¹H NMR (CDCl₃) δ: 9.50 (bs, 1H), 8.65 (d, 1H), 8.39 (d, 1H), 7.79 (d, 1H), 7.49 (dd, 1H), 7.20 (m, 2H), 6.99 (dd, 1H), 6.92 (d, 1H), 3.86 (s, 2H), 2.63 (m, 4H), 1.83 (m, 4H) and MS m/z=440.0 (M+H).

Preparation of Example 198 3-(2,2-difluorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-4-yl)-5-(5-(piperidin-1-ylmethyl)thiophen-2-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (302)

Step 1:

To a solution of compound 292 (100 mg, 0.1971 mmol) and 264 (0.53 mg, 0.197 mmol) in acetonitrile (5 mL) was added cesium carbonate (128 mg, 0.3942 mmol). The reaction was degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min and Pd (dppf) Cl₂ (8 mg, 0.009856 mmol) was added to the reaction, which was again degassed and purged with nitrogen for another 5 min. The reaction was heated to 80° C. in a sealed tube overnight. The reaction was allowed to cool to rt and diluted with chloroform. The organic layer was concentrated to get the crude, which was purified through flash chromatography by using 100-200 mesh silica gel. The compound was eluted at 40% ethyl acetate in hexane as half white coloured solid 301.

Step 2:

To a solution of 301 (60 mg, 0.0987 mmol) in methanol (20 mL) and water (5 mL) was added potassium carbonate (40 mg, 0.2963 mmol). The reaction was heated to 60° C. overnight. The solvent was completely distilled off, the remainder diluted with water (25 mL), and extracted with chloroform twice (2×25 mL). The combined organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate filtered and concentrated to get the crude, which was purified through flash chromatography by using neutral alumina. The compound was eluted at 1.5% methanol in chloroform as pale yellow solid 302. ¹H NMR (CDCl₃) δ: 9.53 (bs, 1H), 8.66 (d, 1H), 8.39 (d, 1H), 7.79 (d, 1H), 7.49 (d, 1H), 7.20 (m, 2H), 7.00 (d, 1H), 6.90 (d, 1H), 3.71 (s, 2H), 2.48 (bs, 4H), 1.63 (m, 4H), 1.45 (m, 2H) and MS m/z=454.1 (M+H).

Preparation of Example 199 4-(4-(3-(2,2-difluorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-4-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-5-yl)thiazol-2-yl)morpholine (306)

Step 1:

To a solution of 292 (400 mg, 0.788 mmol) in DMF was added potassium acetate (154 mg, 1.576 mmol) and bispinacalatodiborane (400 mg, 1.576 mmol). The reaction mixture was degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min. Pd (pph3)₂Cl₂ (27 mg, 0.03942 mmol) was added and again degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min. The reaction was heated to 100° C. for 2 h. After completion of the reaction, the RM was diluted with chloroform and washed with cold water followed by Brine solution. The organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate and evaporated to get the crude, which was triturated with Hexane to afford a brown solid 3-(2,2-difluorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-4-yl)-5-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-1-tosyl-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 303 taken up for next step without further purification.

Step 2:

To a solution of 303 (438 mg, 0.786 mmol) and 304 (196 mg, 0.786 mmol) in acetonitrile (10 mL) was added cesium carbonate (512 mg, 0.157 mmol). The reaction was degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min. Pd (dppf) Cl₂ (32 mg, 0.0393 mmol) was added to the reaction, which was again degassed and purged with nitrogen for another 5 min. The reaction was heated to 80° C. in a sealed tube overnight. The reaction was allowed to cool to rt and diluted with chloroform. The organic layer was concentrated to get the crude, which was purified through flash chromatography by using 100-200 mesh silica gel. The compound was eluted at 40% ethyl acetate in hexane as half white coloured solid 305.

Step 3:

To a solution of 305 (200 mg, 0.335 mmol) in methanol (20 mL) and water (5 mL) was added potassium carbonate (138 mg, 1.01005 mmol). The reaction was heated to 60° C. overnight. The solvent was completely distilled off and the remainder diluted with water (25 mL) and extracted with chloroform twice (2×25 mL). The combined organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate, filtered and concentrated to get the crude, which was purified through flash chromatography by using 100-200 mesh silica gel. The compound was eluted at 5% methanol in chloroform as pale yellow solid 4-(4-(3-(2,2-difluorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-4-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-5-yl)thiazol-2-yl)morpholine 306. ¹H NMR (CDCl₃) δ: 12.30 (s, 1H), 8.87 (d, 1H), 8.67 (d, 1H, 7.95 (d, 1H), 7.61 (m, 1H), 7.41 (s, 1H), 7.31 (m, 2H), 3.73 (m, 4H), 3.45 (m, 4H) and MS m/z=443.0 (M+H).

Preparation of Example 200 (4-((5-(3-(2,2-difluorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-5-yl)thiophen-2-yl)methyl)morpholine (309)

Step 1:

To a solution of 307 (100 mg, and 0.197 mmol) and 236 (60 mg, 0.197 mmol) in acetonitrile (5 mL) was added cesium carbonate (128 mg, 0.3942 mmol). The reaction was degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min. Pd (dppf) Cl₂ (8 mg, 0.00985 mmol) was added to the reaction, which was again degassed and purged with nitrogen for another 5 min. The reaction was heated to 80° C. in a sealed tube overnight, allowed to cool to rt, and diluted with chloroform. The organic layer was concentrated to get the crude, which was purified through flash chromatography by using 100-200 mesh silica gel. The compound was eluted at 50% ethyl acetate in hexane as half white coloured solid 308.

Step 2:

To a solution of 308 (70 mg, 0.1148 mmol) in methanol (20 mL) and water (5 mL) was added potassium carbonate (47 mg, 0.344 mmol). The reaction was heated to 60° C. overnight. The solvent was completely distilled off and the remainder diluted with water (25 mL) and extracted with chloroform twice (2×25 mL). The combined organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate, filtered and concentrated to get the crude, which was purified through flash chromatography by using neutral alumina. The compound was eluted at 2% methanol in dichloromethane as pale yellow solid 4-((5-(3-(2,2-difluorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-5-yl)thiophen-2-yl)methyl)morpholine 309. ¹H NMR (CDCl₃) δ: 9.13 (s, 1H), 8.63 (d, 1H), 8.25 (d, 1H), 7.45 (d, 1H), 7.32 (m, 2H), 7.15 (m, 2H), 6.92 (d, 1H), 3.75 (m, 4H), 3.73 (m, 2H), 2.55 (m, 4H) and MS m/z=454.1 (M+H).

Preparation of Example 201 4-(5-(3-(2,2-difluorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-5-yl)thiazol-2-yl)morpholine (311)

Step 1:

A solution of 307 (100 mg, 0.1971 mmol) and 269 (58 mg, 0.01971 mmol) in acetonitrile (5 mL) was added cesium carbonate (128 mg, 0.3942 mmol). The reaction was degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min. Pd (dppf) Cl₂ (8 mg, 0.009856 mmol) was added to the reaction, which was again degassed and purged with nitrogen for another 5 min. The reaction was heated to 80° C. in a sealed tube overnight, allowed to cool to rt and diluted with chloroform. The organic layer was concentrated to get the crude, which was purified through flash chromatography by using 100-200 mesh silica gel. The compound was eluted at 30% ethyl acetate in hexane as half white coloured solid 310.

Step 2:

To a solution of 310 (60 mg, 0.1005 mmol) in methanol (20 mL) and water (5 mL) was added potassium carbonate (41 mg, 0.30169 mmol). The reaction was heated to 60° C. overnight. The solvent was completely distilled off and the remainder diluted with water (25 mL) and extracted with chloroform twice (2×25 mL). The combined organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate, filtered and concentrated to get the crude, which was purified through flash chromatography by using neutral alumina. The compound was eluted at 70% ethyl acetate in hexane as a half white solid 4-(5-(3-(2,2-difluorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-5-yl)thiazol-2-yl)morpholine 311. ¹H NMR (CDCl₃) δ: 9.19 (s, 1H), 8.51 (s, 1H), 8.09 (d, 1H), 7.45 (m, 2H), 7.30 (m, 2H), 7.15 (d, 1H), 3.84 (m, 4H), 3.53 (m, 4H) and MS m/z=443.0 (M+H).

Preparation of Example 202 N-(tert-butyl)-3-(3-(2,2-difluorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl) 1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-5-yl)-N-methylbenzenesulfonamide (313)

Step 1:

To a solution of 307 (100 mg, 0.1971 mmol) and 178 (53 mg, 0.1971 mmol) in acetonitrile (5 mL) was added cesium carbonate (128 mg, 0.3942 mmol). The reaction was degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min. Pd (dppf) Cl₂ (8 mg, 0.009856 mmol) was added to the reaction, which was again degassed and purged with nitrogen for another 5 min. The reaction was heated to 80° C. in a sealed tube overnight, allowed to cool to rt and diluted with chloroform. The organic layer was concentrated to get the crude, which was purified through flash chromatography by using 100-200 mesh silica gel. The compound was eluted at 46% ethyl acetate in hexane as half white coloured solid 313.

Step 2:

To a solution of 313 (70 mg, 0.10708 mmol) in methanol (20 mL) and water (5 mL) was added potassium carbonate (44 mg, 0.3212 mmol). The reaction was heated to 60° C. overnight. The solvent was completely distilled off and the remainder diluted with water (25 mL) and extracted with chloroform twice (2×25 mL). The combined organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate, filtered and concentrated to get the crude, which was purified through flash chromatography by using 100-200 mesh silica gel. The compound was eluted at 1.5% methanol in chloroform as pale yellow solid N-(tert-butyl)-3-(3-(2,2-difluorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-5-yl)-N methylbenzene-sulphonamide 313. ¹H NMR (CDCl₃) δ: 9.44 (s, 1H), 8.61 (d, 1H), 8.29 (d, 1H), 8.08 (d, 1H), 7.81 (m, 2H), 7.60 (t, 1H), 7.52 (m, 1H), 7.34 (m, 2H), 7.16 (d, 1H), 3.01 (s, 3H), 1.39 (s, 9H) and MS ES+500.1.

Preparation of Example 203 3-(2,2-difluorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)-5-(5-(pyrrolidin-1-ylmethyl)thiophen-2-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (315)

Step 1:

To a solution of 292 (100 mg, 0.0001971 mmol) and 264 (58 mg, 0.1971 mmol) in acetonitrile (5 mL) was added cesium carbonate (128 mg, 0.3942 mmol). The reaction was degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min and Pd (dppf) Cl₂ DCM (8 mg, 0.00985 mmol) was added to the reaction, which was again degassed and purged with nitrogen for another 5 min. The reaction was heated to 80° C. in a sealed tube overnight, allowed to cool to rt and diluted with chloroform. The organic layer was concentrated to get the crude, which was purified through flash chromatography by using 100-200 mesh silica gel. The compound was eluted at 36% ethyl acetate in hexane as half white coloured solid compound 314.

Step 2:

To a solution of 314 (60 mg, 0.101 mml) in methanol (20 mL) and water (5 mL) was added potassium carbonate (41 mg, 0.303 mmol). The reaction was heated to 60° C. overnight. The solvent was completely distilled off and the remainder diluted with water (25 mL) and extracted with chloroform twice (2×25 mL). The combined organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate, filtered and concentrated to get the crude, which was purified through flash chromatography by using 100-200 mesh silica gel. The compound was eluted at 3% Methanol in chloroform as half white solid 3-(2,2-difluorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)-5-(5-(pyrrolidin-1-ylmethyl)thiophen-2-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 315. ¹H NMR (CDCl₃) δ: 9.27 (s, 1H), 8.63 (d, 1H), 8.26 (d, 1H) 7.45 (d, 1H), 7.34 (m, 2H), 7.16 (m, 2H), 6.91 (d, 1H), 3.85 (s, 2H), 2.62 (bs, 4H), 1.83 (bs, 4H) MS ES+440.0.

Preparation of Example 204 3-(2,2-difluorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)-5-(5-(piperidin-1-ylmethyl)thiophen-2-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (318)

Step 1:

To a solution of 307 (100 mg, 0.1971 mmol) and 316 (60 mg, 0.1971 mmol) in acetonitrile (5 mL) was added cesium carbonate (128 mg, 0.3942 mmol). The reaction was degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min. Pd (dppf) Cl₂ (8 mg, 0.00985 mmol) was added to the reaction, which was again degassed and purged with nitrogen for another 5 min. The reaction was heated to 80° C. in a sealed tube overnight, allowed to cool to rt and diluted with chloroform. The organic layer was concentrated to get the crude, which was purified through flash chromatography by using 100-200 mesh silica gel. The compound was eluted at 45% ethyl acetate in hexane as half white coloured solid 317.

Step 2:

To a solution of 317 (60 mg, 0.0987 mmol) in methanol (20 mL) and water (5 mL) was added potassium carbonate (40 mg, 0.2962 mmol). The reaction was heated to 60° C. overnight. The solvent was completely distilled off and the remainder diluted with water (25 mL) and extracted with chloroform twice (2×25 mL). The combined organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate, filtered and concentrated to get the crude. The crude was purified through flash chromatography by using neutral alumina. The compound was eluted at 0.5% methanol in dichloromethane as pale yellow solid 3-(2,2-difluorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)-5-(5-(piperidin-1-ylmethyl)thiophen-2-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 318. ¹H NMR (CDCl₃) δ: 9.29 (s, 1H), 8.63 (d, 1H), 8.26 (d, 1H), 7.45 (d, 1H), 7.32 (m, 2H), 7.15 (m, 2H), 6.89 (d, 1H), 3.70 (s, 2H), 2.47 (s, 4H), 1.61 (m, 4H), 1.25 (m, 2H) and MS ES+454.1.

Preparation of Example 205 4-(4-(3-(2,2-difluorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-5-yl)thiazol-2-yl)morpholine (321)

Step 1:

To a solution of 307 (400 mg, 0.788 mmol) in DMF was added potassium acetate (154 mg, 1.576 mmol) and bispinacalatodiborane (400 mg, 1.576 mmol). The reaction mixture was degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min. Pd (pph3)₂ Cl₂ (27 mg, 0.03942 mmol) was added and again degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min. The reaction was heated to 100° C. for 2 h. After completion of the reaction the RM was diluted with chloroform and washed with cold water followed by Brine solution. The organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate and evaporated to get the crude, which was triturated with Hexane to afford brown solid 319. The solid itself proceeded for next step without further purification.

Step 2:

To a solution of 319 (438 mg, 0.786 mmol) and 304 (196 mg, 0.786 mmol) in acetonitrile (100 mL) was added cesium carbonate (512 mg, 0.157 mmol). The reaction was degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min. Pd (dppf) Cl₂ (32 mg, 0.0393 mmol) was added to the reaction, which was again degassed and purged with nitrogen for another 5 min. The reaction was heated to 80° C. in a sealed tube overnight, allowed to cool to rt and diluted with chloroform. The organic layer was concentrated to get the crude, which was purified through flash chromatography by using 100-200 mesh silica gel. The compound was eluted at 40% ethyl acetate in hexane as half white coloured solid 320.

Step 3:

To a solution of 320 (200 mg, 0.335 mmol) in methanol (20 mL) and water (5 mL) was added potassium carbonate (138 mg, 1.01005 mmol). The reaction was heated to 60° C. overnight. The solvent was completely distilled off and the remainder diluted with water (25 mL) and extracted with chloroform twice (2×25 mL). The combined organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate, filtered and concentrated to get the crude, which was purified through flash chromatography by using 100-200 mesh silica gel. The compound was eluted at 5% methanol in chloroform as pale yellow solid 4-(4-(3-(2,2-difluorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-5-yl)thiazol-2-yl)morpholine 321. ¹H NMR (CDCl₃) δ: 10.05 (s, 1H), 8.84 (s, 1H), 8.53 (s, 1H), 7.44 (d, 1H), 7.34 (d, 3H), 7.14 (d, 1H), 6.83 (s, 1H), 3.85 (t, 4H), 3.55 (t, 4H) and MS ES+443.00.

Preparation of Example 206 3-(2,2-difluorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)-5-(1-(piperidin-4-yl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (324)

Step 1:

To a solution of 307 (100 mg, 0.1971 mmol) and 278 (74 mg, 0.1971 mmol) in acetonitrile (5 mL) was added cesium carbonate (128 mg, 0.3942 mmol). The reaction was degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min and Pd (dppf) Cl₂ (8 mg, 0.00985 mmol) was added to the reaction, which was again degassed and purged with nitrogen for another 5 min. The reaction was heated to 80° C. in a sealed tube overnight, allowed to cool to rt and diluted with chloroform. The organic layer was concentrated to get the crude, which was purified through flash chromatography by using 100-200 mesh silica gel. The compound was eluted at 40% ethyl acetate in hexane as half white coloured solid 322.

Step 2:

To a solution of 322 (70 mg, 0.1033 mmol) in methanol (20 mL) and water (5 mL) was added potassium carbonate (42 mg, 0.31009 mmol). The reaction was heated to 60° C. overnight. The solvent was completely distilled off and the remainder diluted with water (25 mL) and extracted with chloroform twice (2×25 mL). The combined organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate, filtered and concentrated to get the crude, which was purified through flash chromatography by using 100-200 mesh silica gel. The compound was eluted at 70% ethyl acetate in Hexane as pale yellow solid 323.

Step 3:

A solution of 323 (0.050 mg, 0.0955 mmol) in CHCl₃ (20 mL) was taken and added TFA (5 mL) at rt. The reaction mixture was stirred for 2 h at rt. After confirmation of TLC, the reaction mixture evaporated TFA completely then taken in CHCl₃ and washed with Na₂CO₃ solution followed by water wash. Organic layer was dried with Na₂SO₄ and evaporated. The resulting crude was purified via silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 3% methanol in chloroform to afford pale brown solid 3-(2,2-difluorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)-5-(1-(piperidin-4-yl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 324. ¹H NMR (CDCl₃) δ: 11.94 (s, 1H), 8.55 (d, 1H), 8.40 (s, 1H), 8.34 (s, 1H), 7.99 (s, 1H), 7.89 (s, 1H), 7.79 (s, 1H), 7.59 (d, 1H), 7.44 (d, 1H), 4.17 (m, 1H), 3.04 (m, 2H), 2.57 (m, 2H), 1.98 (m, 2H), 1.81 (m, 2H) and MS ES+424.0.

Preparation of Example 207 4-(4-(3-(3-fluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-5-yl)thiazol-2-yl)morpholine (327)

Step 1:

To a solution of 122 (400 mg, 0.8415 mmol) in DMF was added potassium acetate (165 mg, 1.683 mmol) and bispinacalatodiborane (427 mg, 1.683 mmol). The reaction mixture was degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min and Pd(pph3)₂Cl₂ (29 mg, 0.0427 mmol) was added, again degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min. The reaction was heated to 100° C. for 2 h. After completion of the reaction, the RM was diluted with chloroform and washed with cold water followed by brine solution. The organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate and evaporated to get the crude, which was triturated with hexane to afford brown solid. The solid itself was used in the next step without further purification.

Step 2:

To a solution of 325 (441 mg, 0.841 mmol) and 304 (209 mg, 0.841 mmol) in acetonitrile (10 mL) was added cesium carbonate (547 mg, 1.681 mmol). The reaction was degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min. Pd(dppf)Cl₂ DCM (34 mg, 0.04203 mmol) was added to the reaction, which was again degassed and purged with nitrogen for another 5 min. The reaction was heated to 80° C. in a sealed tube overnight, allowed to cool to rt, and diluted with chloroform. The organic layer was concentrated to get the crude, which was purified through flash chromatography by using 100-200 mesh silica gel. The compound was eluted at 40% ethyl acetate in hexane as half white coloured solid 326.

Step 3:

To a solution of 326 (200 mg, 0.335 mmol) in methanol (20 mL) and water (5 mL) was added potassium carbonate (138 mg, 1.0056 mml). The reaction was heated to 60° C. overnight. The solvent was completely distilled off and the remainder diluted with water (25 mL) and extracted with chloroform twice (2×25 mL). The combined organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate, filtered and concentrated to get the crude, which was purified through flash chromatography by using 100-200 mesh silica gel. The compound was eluted at 5% methanol in chloroform as pale yellow solid 4-(4-(3-(3-fluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-5-yl)thiazol-2-yl)morpholine 327. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ: 9.52 (s, 1H), 8.86 (s, 1H), 8.54 (s, 1H), 7.68 (s, 1H), 7.38 (d, 1H), 7.07 (m, 2H), 6.82 (s, 1H), 3.85 (t, 4H), 3.75 (s, 3H), 3.55 (t, 4H) and MS ES+411.0.

Preparation of Example 208 4-(4-(3-(3,5-difluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-5-yl)thiazol-2-yl)morpholine (329)

Step 1:

To a solution of 155 (40 mg, 0.08108 mmol) and 269 (24 mg, 0.08108 mmol) in acetonitrile (5 mL) was added cesium carbonate (52 mg, 0.161 mmol). The reaction was degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min. Pd(dppf)Cl₂ (3 mg, 0.04054 mmol) was added to the reaction, which was again degassed and purged with nitrogen for another 5 min. The reaction was heated to 80° C. in a sealed tube overnight, allowed to cool to rt, and diluted with chloroform. The organic layer was concentrated to get the crude, which was purified through flash chromatography by using 100-200 mesh silica gel. The compound was eluted at 40% ethyl acetate in hexane as half white coloured solid 328.

Step 2:

To a solution of 328 (25 mg, 0.0429 mmol) in methanol (20 mL) and water (5 mL) was added potassium carbonate (17 mg, 0.107 mmol). The reaction was heated to 60° C. overnight. The solvent was completely distilled off and the remainder diluted with water (25 mL) and extracted with chloroform twice (2×25 mL). The combined organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate, filtered and concentrated to get the crude, which was purified through flash chromatography by using neutral alumina. The compound was eluted at 1.5% methanol in chloroform as pale yellow solid 4-(4-(3-(3,5-difluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-5-yl)thiazol-2-yl)morpholine 329. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ: 9.46 (s, 1H), 8.87 (s, 1H), 8.54 (s, 1H), 7.73 (s, 1H), 7.14 (s, 1H), 6.84 (m, 2H), 3.85 (m, 4H), 3.69 (s, 3H), 3.57 (m, 4H) and MS ES+429.0.

Preparation of Example 209 3-(2,2-difluorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-4-yl)-5-(1-(piperidin-4-yl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (332)

Step 1:

To a solution of 292 (100 mg, 0.1971 mmol) and 278 (74 mg, 0.1971 mmol) in acetonitrile (5 mL) was added cesium carbonate (128 mg, 0.3942 mmol). The reaction was degassed and purged with nitrogen for 10 min. Pd(dppf)Cl₂ (8 mg, 0.00985 mmol) was added to the reaction, which was again degassed and purged with nitrogen for another 5 min. The reaction was heated to 80° C. in a sealed tube overnight, allowed to cool to rt, and diluted with chloroform. The organic layer was concentrated to get the crude, which was purified through flash chromatography by using 100-200 mesh silica gel. The compound was eluted at 40% ethyl acetate in hexane as half white coloured solid 330.

Step 2:

To a solution of 330 (70 mg, 0.1033 mmol) in methanol (20 mL) and water (5 mL) was added potassium carbonate (42 mg, 0.31009 mmol). The reaction was heated to 60° C. overnight. The solvent was completely distilled off and the remainder diluted with water (25 mL) and extracted with chloroform twice (2×25 mL). The combined organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate, filtered and concentrated to get the crude, which was purified through flash chromatography by using 100-200 mesh silica gel. The compound was eluted at 70% ethyl acetate in hexane as pale yellow solid 331.

Step 3:

A solution of 331 (0.050 gm, 0.0955 mmol) in CHCl₃ (20 mL) was taken and added TFA (5 mL) at rt. The reaction mixture was stirred for 2 hr at rt. After TLC comfirmation, the RM was evaporated TFA completely then taken in CHCl₃ and washed with Na₂CO₃ solution followed by water wash. Organic layer was dried with Na₂SO₄ and evaporated. The resulting crude was purified via silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 3% methanol in chloroform to afford pale brown solid 3-(2,2-difluorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-4-yl)-5-(1-(piperidin-4-yl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 332. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ: 9.90 (s, 1H), 8.59 (d, 1H), 8.29 (d, 1H), 7.89 (s, 1H), 7.84 (d, 1H), 7.77 (d, 1H), 7.49 (dd, 1H), 7.18 (t, 1H), 7.00 (dd, 1H), 4.29 (m, 1H), 3.29 (d, 2H), 2.80 (m, 2H), 2.21 (m, 2H), 2.03 (m, 2H) and MS ES+424.0.

Preparation of Example 212 3-(3,5-difluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-5-(1-(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (334)

Step 1:

A solution of 281 (300 mg, 0.451 mmol) in CHCl₃ (20 mL) was taken and added TFA (5 mL) at rt. The reaction mixture was stirred for 2 h at rt. After TLC comfirmation, RM evaporated TFA completely, then taken in CHCl₃ and washed with Na₂CO₃ solution followed by water wash. Organic layer was dried with Na₂SO₄ and evaporated. The resulting crude was purified via silica gel chromatography using a gradient of 3% methanol in chloroform to afford pale brown solid 282.

Step 2:

A solution of 282 (150 mg, 0.266 mmol) in acetonitrile was taken and add potassium carbonate (73 mg, 0.5322 mmol) and methyl iodide (56 mg, 0.399 mmol). The RM was stirred at 80° C. overnight. After completion of the reaction the RM was diluted with chloroform and filtered off the solids. The organic layer was evaporated to dryness. The resulting crude was purified via silica gel chromatography using 4% methanol in chloroform to afford off white solid 333.

Step 3:

To a solution of 333 (0.1731 mmol) in methanol (20 mL) and water (5 mL) was added potassium carbonate (71 mg, 0.5193 mmol). The reaction was heated to 60° C. overnight. The solvent was completely distilled off and the remainder diluted with water (25 mL) and extracted with chloroform twice (2×25 mL). The combined organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate, filtered and concentrated to get the crude, which was purified through flash chromatography by using 100-200 mesh silica gel. The compound was eluted at 5% methanol in chloroform as pale yellow solid 3-(3,5-difluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-5-(1-(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 334. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO) δ: 12.08 (s, 1H), 8.57 (d, 1H), 8.43 (s, 1H), 8.18 (d, 1H), 8.02 (s, 1H), 7.82 (d, 1H), 7.23 (m, 2H), 4.46 (m, 1H), 3.55 (m, 7H), 3.17 (d, 6H), 2.32 (m, 4H) and MS ES+424.10.

Preparation of Example 214 3-(3,5-difluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-5-(1-(1-(methylsulfonyl)piperidin-4-yl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (336)

Step 1:

To a solution of 282 (100 mg, 0.244 mmol) in DCM was added triethylamine (49 mg, 0.4887 mmol). Methanesulfonyl chloride 335 (41 mg, 0.3665 mmol) was added to the reaction and stirred for 2 h at rt. The reaction mixture was diluted with dichloromethane and washed with water twice. The organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate and concentrated to get the crude, which was purified by flash column using 100-200 mesh silica gel. The compound was eluted at 2% methanol in chloroform as off white coloured solid 3-(3,5-difluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-5-(1-(1-(methylsulfonyl)piperidin-4-yl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 336. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO) δ: 12.05 (s, 1H), 8.55 (d, 1H), 8.30 (s, 1H), 8.19 (d, 1H), 7.97 (s, 1H), 7.82 (d, 1H), 7.24 (m, 2H), 4.33 (m, 1H), 3.65 (d, 2H), 3.60 (s, 3H), 2.94, (m, 2H), 2.92 (s, 3H), 2.03 (m, 2H), 1.98 (m, 2H) and MS ES+488.0.

Preparation of Example 215 3-(3,5-difluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-5-(1-(1-(ethylsulfonyl)piperidin-4-yl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (338)

Step 1:

To a solution of 282 (100 mg, 0.244 mmol) in DCM was added triethylamine (49 mg, 0.4887 mmol). Ethane sulfonyl chloride 337 (47 mg, 0.3665 mmol) was added to the reaction and stirred it for 2 h at rt. The reaction mixture was diluted with dichloromethane and washed with water twice. The organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate and concentrated to get the crude, which was purified by flash column using 100-200 mesh silica gel. The compound was eluted at 2% methanol in chloroform as off white coloured solid 3-(3,5-difluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-5-(1-(1-(ethylsulfonyl)piperidin-4-yl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 338. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ: 9.58 (s, 1H), 8.52 (d, 1H), 8.17 (d, 1H), 7.84 (s, 1H), 7.72 (m, 2H), 7.09 (m, 1H), 6.82 (m, 1H), 4.31 (m, 1H), 3.96 (m, 2H), 3.68 (s, 3H), 3.06 (m, 2H), 3.00 (m, 3H), 2.29 (m, 2H), 2.14 (m, 2H), 1.40 (m, 5H), 1.25 (m, 5H) and MS ES+502.1.

Preparation of Example 216 3-(3,5-difluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-5-(1-(1-(propylsulfonyl)piperidin-4-yl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (340)

Step 1:

To a solution of 282 (100 mg, 0.244 mmol) in DCM was added triethylamine (49 mg, 0.4887 mmol). Propane sulfonyl chloride 339 (52 mg, 0.366 mmol) was added to the reaction and stirred for 2 h at rt. The reaction mixture was diluted with dichloromethane and washed with water twice. The organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate and concentrated to get the crude, which was purified by flash column using 100-200 mesh silica gel. The compound was eluted at 2% methanol in chloroform as off white coloured solid 3-(3,5-difluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-5-(1-(1-(propylsulfonyl)piperidin-4-yl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 340. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ: 9.68 (s, 1H), 8.53 (d, 1H), 8.17 (d, 1H), 7.84 (s, 1H), 7.73 (m, 2H), 7.09 (m, 1H), 6.82 (m, 1H), 4.31 (m, 1H), 3.95 (m, 2H), 3.68 (d, 3H), 3.01 (m, 2H), 2.94 (m, 2H), 2.36 (m, 2H), 2.14 (m, 2H), 1.86 (m, 2H), 1.06 (m, 3H) and MS ES+516.1.

Preparation of Example 220 3-(2,2-difluorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)-5-(1-(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (341)

To a solution of 324 (50 mg, 0.1182 mmol) in DCM was added triethylamine (17.9 mg, 0.236 mmol). Methyl iodide (18.3 mg, 0.130 mmol) was added to the reaction and stirred for 2 h at rt. The reaction mixture was diluted with dichloromethane and washed with water twice. The organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate and concentrated to get the crude, which was purified by flash column using 100-200 mesh silica gel. The compound was eluted at 2% methanol in chloroform as off white coloured solid 3-(2,2-difluorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)-5-(1-(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 341.

Preparation of Example 221 3-(2,2-difluorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)-5-(1-(1-(methylsulfonyl)piperidin-4-yl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (343)

Step 1:

To a solution of 324 (50 mg, 0.1182 mmol) in DCM was added triethylamine (17.9 mg, 0.1773 mmol). Methane sulfonyl chloride 342 (13.5 mg, 0.1182 mmol) was added to the reaction and stirred for 2 h at rt. The reaction mixture was diluted with dichloromethane and washed with water twice. The organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate and concentrated to get the crude, which was purified by flash column using 100-200 mesh silica gel. The compound was eluted at 2% methanol in chloroform as off white coloured solid 3-(2,2-difluorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)-5-(1-(1-(methylsulfonyl)piperidin-4-yl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 343. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO) δ: 11.94 (s, 1H), 8.55 (d, 1H), 8.39 (m, 2H), 8.03 (s, 1H), 7.88 (d, 1H), 7.78 (d, 1H), 7.58 (m, 1H), 7.44 (d, 1H), 4.31 (m, 1H), 3.66 (m, 2H), 2.95 (s, 3H), 2.16 (m, 2H), 2.01 (m, 2H) and MS ES+502.1.

Preparation of Example 222 3-(2,2-difluorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)-5-(1-(1-(ethylsulfonyl)piperidin-4-yl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (344)

Step 1:

To a solution of 324 (50 mg, 0.1182 mmol) in DCM was added triethylamine (17.9 mg, 0.1771 mmol). Ethane sulfonyl chloride 337 (15 mg, 0.1182 mmol) was added to the reaction and stirred for 2 h at rt. The reaction mixture was diluted with dichloromethane and washed with water twice. The organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate and concentrated to get the crude, which was purified by flash column using 100-200 mesh silica gel. The compound was eluted at 2% methanol in chloroform to give off white coloured solid 3-(2,2-difluorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)-5-(1-(1-(ethylsulfonyl)piperidin-4-yl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 344. ¹HNMR (400 MHz, DMSO) δ: 11.95 (s, 1H), 8.55 (d, 1H), 8.39 (m, 2H), 8.02 (s, 1H), 7.88 (d, 1H), 7.78 (d, 1H), 7.58 (m, 1H, 7.44 (d, 1H), 4.33 (m, 1H), 3.71 (m, 2H), 3.04 (m, 4H), 2.14 (m, 2H), 1.97 (m, 2H), 1.21 (m, 4H) and Ms ES+516.1.

Preparation of Example 223 3-(2,2-difluorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)-5-(1-(1-(propylsulfonyl)piperidin-4-yl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (345)

Step 1:

To a solution of 324 (50 mg, 0.1182 mmol) in DCM was added triethylamine (17.9 mg, 0.1773 mmol) and propane sulfonyl chloride 339 (16.7 mg, 0.1182 mmol) and stirred for 2 h at rt. The RM was diluted with dichloromethane and washed with water twice. The organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate and concentrated to get the crude, which was purified by flash column using 100-200 mesh silica gel. The compound was eluted at 2% Methanol in chloroform as off white coloured solid 345. ¹HNMR (400 MHz, DMSO) δ: 11.95 (s, 1H), 8.55 (d, 1H), 8.39 (m, 2H), 8.03 (s, 1H), 7.88 (d, 1H), 7.78 (d, 1H), 7.58 (m, 1H), 7.44 (d, 1H), 4.35 (m, 1H), 3.69 (m, 2H), 3.03 (m, 4H), 2.14 (m, 2H), 1.97 (m, 2H), 1.70 (m, 2H), 1.00 (m, 3H) and MS ES+530.1.

Preparation of Example 226 2-(4-(4-(3-(3,5-difluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-5-yl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)piperidin-1-yl)ethanol (347)

Step 1:

To a solution of 282 (50 mg, 0.122 mmol) in acetone was added potassium carbonate (25 mg, 0.244 mmol) and 2-bromo ethanol (18.3 mg, 0.146 mmol) and stirred for 12 h at 60° C. The reaction was filtered through celite bed and washed with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was concentrated to get the crude, which was purified by neutral alumina and the compound was eluted at 2% methanol in chloroform as half white coloured solid 2-(4-(4-(3-(3,5-difluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-5-yl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)piperidin-1-yl)ethanol 347. ¹HNMR (400 MHz, DMSO) δ: 12.04 (s, 1H), 8.54 (d, 1H), 8.31 (s, 1H), 8.18 (d, 1H), 7.93 (s, 1H), 7.81 (d, 1H), 7.22 (m, 2H), 4.39 (m, 1H), 4.10 (m, 1H), 4.00 (m, 1H), 3.60 (s, 3H), 3.50 (m, 2H), 2.96 (d, 2H), 2.42 (m, 2H), 2.13 (m, 2H), 1.99 (m, 3H), 1.16 (t, 1H) and MS ES+454.0.

Preparation of Example 227 2-(4-(4-(3-(2,2-difluorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)-1 H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-5-yl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)piperidin-1-yl)ethanol (348)

Step 1:

To a solution of 324 (50 mg, 0.118 mmol) in acetone was added potassium carbonate (32 mg, 0.236 mmol) and 2-bromo ethanol (17.7 mg, 0.141 mmol), and stirred for 12 h at 60° C. The reaction was filtered through celite bed and washed with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was concentrated to get the crude, which was purified by neutral alumina and the compound was eluted at 2% methanol in chloroform as half white coloured solid 2-(4-(4-(3-(2,2-difluorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-5-yl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)piperidin-1-yl)ethanol 348. ¹HNMR (400 MHz, DMSO) δ: 11.93 (s, 1H), 8.54 (d, 1H), 8.38 (m, 2H), 7.99 (s, 1H), 7.88 (d, 1H), 7.78 (d, 1H), 7.58 (m, 1H), 7.43 (d, 1H), 4.39 (m, 1H), 4.11 (m, 1H, 3.50 (m, 2H), 2.97 (d, 2H), 2.43 (m, 2H), 2.14 (m, 2H), 1.96 (m, 4H) and MS ES+468.0.

Preparation of Example 228 3-(3-fluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-5-(5-(1-(piperidin-1-yl)ethyl)thiophen-2-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (349)

Step 1:

To a solution of 267 (50 mg, 0.386 mmol) in THF was added n-butyl lithium (11 mg, 0.173 mmol). Methyl iodide (18.3 mg, 0.129 mmol) was added to the reaction and stirred for 2 h at −30° C. The RM was quenched with ammonium chloride solution and stirred for 15 min. The aqueous phase was extracted twice with ethyl acetate. The resulting organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate and concentrated to get the crude, which was purified by flash column using 100-200 mesh silica gel. The compound was eluted at 2% methanol in chloroform as off white coloured solid 268.

Step 2:

To a solution of 368 (30 mg, 0.0508 mmol) in methanol (20 mL) and water (5 mL) was added potassium carbonate (21 mg, 0.152 mmol). The reaction was heated to 60° C. overnight. The solvent was completely distilled off and the remainder diluted with water (25 mL) and extracted with chloroform twice (2×25 mL). The combined organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate, filtered and concentrated to get the crude, which was purified through flash chromatography by using neutral alumina. The compound was eluted at 5% methanol in chloroform as pale yellow solid (10 mg) compound 3-(3-fluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)-5-(5-(1-(piperidin-1-yl)ethyl)thiophen-2-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 349.

Pharmaceutical Salts

Hydrochloric acid salts of the foregoing compounds were prepared by solubilizing the compound in a minimum of ethanol and a solution of ethanolic HCl 20% was added drop wise and the mixture stirred for 1 hour followed by addition of diethyl ether. A precipitated off-white solid hydrochloride was separated by filtration, washer with diethyl ether and dried. In certain embodiments, the invention contemplates the treatment of diseases or patients using a compound, or a prodrug, tautomeric, an isomeric, pharmaceutically acceptable salt, N-oxide, or stereoisomeric form thereof, having a structure of Formula I, IA and IB. Pharmaceutically acceptable salts are derivatives of the claimed compounds wherein the parent compound is modified by making acid or base salts thereof. Examples of pharmaceutically acceptable salts include, but are not limited to organic acid salts of basic residues such as amines; alkali or organic salts of acidic residues such as carboxylic acids. The pharmaceutically acceptable salts include the standard non-toxic salts or the quaternary ammonium salts of the parent compound formed, for example, from non-toxic inorganic or organic acids. For example, such non-toxic salts include those derived from inorganic acids such as hydrochloric, hydrobromic, sulfuric, sulfamic, phosphoric, nitric and the like; and the salts prepared from organic acids such as acetic, propionic, succinic, glycolic, stearic, lactic, malic, tartaric, citric, ascorbic, pamoic, maleic, hydroxymaleic, phenylacetic, glutamic, benzoic, salicylic, sulfanilic, 2-acetoxybenzoic, fumaric, toluenesulfonic, methanesulfonic, ethane disulfonic, oxalic and isethionic salts. The pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the present invention can be synthesized from the parent compound which contains a basic or acidic moiety by established chemical methods. Such salts can be prepared by reacting free acid or base forms of these compounds with a stoichiometric amount of the appropriate base or acid in water or in an organic solvent, or in a mixture of the two; generally, nonaqueous media like ether, EtOAc, ethanol, isopropanol, or acetonitrile are preferred. Lists of suitable salts are found in Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences. 18^(th) ed., Mack Publishing Company, Easton, Pa., 1990, p. 1445.

ADDITIONAL EXAMPLES Usage Method

The subject matter disclosed herein relates to the substituted 1H-Pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine and 1H-Pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine derivatives as inhibitors of SIK1 (SNFILK), SIK2 (SNFILK, QIK) and SIK3 (QSK). Pharmaceutical compositions containing the Formula I, IA and IB compounds and methods of using the compounds or compositions to treat various types of diseases or conditions mediated by SIK family isoform (SIKI, SIK2 and SIK3) such as for example, disease states associated with abnormal cell growth such as cancer, stroke, obesity and type II diabetes. Additionally these compounds and compositions containing the compounds are employed to treat ovarian and breast cancers. In addition, these compounds are important future therapeutic agents for the treatment of lung, prostate and testicular tumours cancers. Methods of making the compounds and pharmaceutical salts thereof are also described herein.

The in vivo efficacy of 1H-Pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine and 1H-Pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine derivatives in an established human ovarian xenograft growth inhibition experiments conducted is described and in combination with taxane and paclitaxel drugs. The potent and selective 2 SIK2 inhibitors were administered orally in dose escalation in vivo experiments starting from 20, 40, 60 and 80 mg/Kg after 2 weeks of sub-cutaneous SKOV3 ovarian cancer cells injection into 32 female nu/nu mice.

In Vitro Inhibition Assay SIK2 Kinase Assay

Procedure: Enzyme was incubated with substrate peptide in reaction buffer in the presence and absence of test compounds or Staurosporine. All additions were done on ice, followed by the addition of ATP mix. Wells were uniformly mixed using an Eppendorff plate shaker and incubated at 30° C. for 20 min, and stopped by the addition of 5 μL of 3% phosphoric acid. Volume was increased to 100 μL by adding 0.8% phosphoric acid which was then transferred to PC filter mats (Millipore), pre-equilibrated with 70% ethanol and water. Plates were washed thrice with 100 μL 0.8% phosphoric acid and dried for an hour at 60° C. 100 μL scintillation fluid was added into each well and reading taken in Perkin Elmer TOPCOUNT beta counter. The data analysis was performed by averaging the duplicate top count readings for each standard, negative, positive control (enzyme control) and samples and subtracting the average negative control from each reading which results in corrected values. A validation EC₅₀ curve was generated by plotting CPM for each Staurosporine concentration on y-axis against the Log concentration of Staurosporine (nM) on the x-axis followed by a best fit curve through the points.

% Inhibition=((Enzyme Control−Compound Treated)/Enzyme Control)×100

Coefficient of Variance (% CV) between replicates: The % CV values between the replicates were mostly within the acceptable limits of a radiometric experiment. Z′ factor evaluation: The value of Z′ factor was found to be 0.8 for SIK2 and 0.9 was derived for others.

All the compounds were tested in 10-dose IC₅₀ mode with 3 fold serial dilution starting at 100 μM. The control compound Staurosporine was tested in 10 dose IC₅₀ with 3 fold serial dilution starting at 20 μM. The reactions were carried out at 10 μM ATP for SIK2 and the results shown in FIG. 1. Referring to FIG. 1, SIK2 inhibitor examples: Panel A: 135 (▪), 142 (Δ) and Panel B: 133 (▪) and 168 (Δ).

General Protein Kinase Assay Methodology Employed for Selected Kinases

In vitro profiling of the 337 member kinase panel was performed at Reaction Biology Corporation using the “HotSpot” assay platform. Briefly, specific kinase/substrate pairs along with required cofactors were prepared in reaction buffer; 20 mM Hepes (pH 7.5), 10 mMmgC12, 1 mM EGTA, 0.02% Brij35, 0.02 mg/ml BSA, 0.1 mM Na3VO4, 2 mM DTT, 1% DMSO. Compounds were delivered into the reaction, followed ˜20 min later by addition of a mixture of ATP (Sigma) and 33P ATP (PerkinElmer) to a final concentration of 10 μM. Reactions were carried out at 25° C. for 120 min, followed by spotting of the reactions onto P81 ion exchange filter paper (Whatman). Unbound phosphate was removed by extensive washing of filters in 0.75% phosphoric acid. After subtraction of background derived from control reactions containing inactive enzyme, kinase activity data were expressed as the percent remaining kinase activity in test samples compared to vehicle (dimethyl sulfoxide) reactions. IC₅₀ values and curve fits were obtained using Prism (GraphPad Software). Kinome tree representations were prepared using Kinome Mapper (http://www.reactionbiology.com/apps/kinome/mapper/LaunchKinome.htm).

TABLE 4 List of Compounds and Corresponding three isoforms of SIK family* EX. SIK2 (QIK) SIK1 SIK3 (QSK) 1 ** * * 2 ** * * 5 ** * *** 6 ** ** * 7 ** ND ND 17 ** ** ** 20 * ND ND 22 * ND ND 23 ** ND ND 24 ** ND ND 25 * ND ND 26 ** ND ND 28 ** ND ND 29 ** ND ND 30 * ND ND 36 ** ** ND 37 ** ** ND 47 ** ND ND 87 ** * ND 94 * ND ND 95 * * * 96 * * * 97 * * * 98 * * * 99 * ND ND 100 * ND ND 101 ** ND ND 113 ** ND ND 114 *** ** * 115 *** ** * 116 ** * * 120 *** ** ** 123 ** ** ** 124 ** ** ** 125 *** * ND 126 * ND ND 128 *** ** ** 132 ** ND ND 133 *** * ** 134 ** ** * 135 *** ** ** 136 *** ** ** 137 ** ND ND 138 *** ** ** 139 * ND ND 140 * ND ND 141 *** * ** 142 *** * *** 168 *** * * 174 *** * ** 175 *** * ** 176 *** * ** 177 *** * ** 178 *** * ** 179 *** * ** 180 *** * ** 181 *** * ** 182 *** * ** 183 *** * ** 184 *** * ** 185 *** * ** 191 *** ** ** 192 *** ** ** 193 *** ** ** 196 *** ** *** 197 *** ** *** 198 *** ** *** 199 *** ** ** 200 *** ** *** 201 * * * 202 *** ** *** 203 *** * * 204 *** ** *** 205 *** ** *** 206 *** ** *** 207 *** ** *** 208 *** ** *** 209 *** *** *** 210 *** ** *** 211 *** ** *** 212 *** ** *** 213 *** ** *** 214 ** * ** 215 ** * ** 216 ** * ** 217 *** ** *** 218 *** ** *** 219 *** ** *** 220 ** * * 221 * * * 222 * * * 223 * * * 224 *** ** *** 225 *** ** *** 226 *** ** *** 227 *** ** *** 228 ND ND ND *Kinase Inhibition Result for Selected Compounds *** <0.1 μM, ** >0.1 μM, * >1 μM ND = Not Determined

Protein Kinase Selectivity Profiler

Selected compounds were tested against 299 protein kinases+17 additional preview kinases in single dose duplicate mode at a concentration of 1 μM). A control compound was tested in 10-dose IC₅₀ mode with 3-fold serial dilution starting at 20 μM. Reactions were carried out at 10 μM ATP. Data pages include raw data, % Enzyme activity (relative to DMSO controls), and curve fits.

Cell Culture Models of Cancer Determining 50% Inhibition Concentration (IC₅₀) of 3 Compounds on 2 Human Tumor Cell Lines

CellTiter-Glo (CTG) (Product No.: G7572, Promega. Store CellTiter-Glo buffer and CellTiter-Glo substrate at −20° C.), the following protocol is recommended for the preparation of CTG reagent. Thaw the CellTiter-Glo Buffer, and equilibrate to rt prior to use. For convenience the CellTiter-Glo buffer may be thawed and stored at rt for up to 48 hr prior to use. Equilibrate the lyophilized CellTiter-Glo substrate to rt prior to use. Transfer 100 mL of CellTiter-Glo buffer into the amber bottle containing CellTiter-Glo substrate to reconstitute the lyophilized enzyme/substrate mixture. This forms the CellTiter-Glo reagent. Mix by gently vortexing, swirling or inverting the contents to obtain a homogeneous solution. The CellTiter-Glo substrate should go into solution easily in less than 1 minute. Aliquot and store the CTG reagent at −20° C. freezer for long term storage.

Cytotoxicity and IC₅₀ Determination

Day 1: The cells will be harvested during the logarithmic growth period and counted with hemocytometer. The cell viability should be over 98% by trypan blue exclusion. Adjust cell solution to the appropriate concentration with respective medium according the seeding density. Add 90 μl cell suspensions to 96-well plates; the final cell seeding density is 5×10³ cells/90 μl/well for OVCAR-3, 5×10³ cells/90 μl/well for SK-OV-3. Incubate the assay plate for 24 hours at 37° C. in a humidified, 5% CO₂ atmosphere. Day 2: Prepare serial solution of test articles with DMSO then dilute with PBS to prepare 10× injection solution. Prepare 10× positive drug injection solution with PBS (see appendix 1). Dispense 10 μL drug injection solution in each well. The plates will be cultured for another 72 h, and then measured by means of MTS assay or CTG assay. Day 5: Thaw the MTS Solution and the PMS Solution, just before addition to the culture plate containing cells, mix PMS Solution with MTS Solution at 1:20 ratio immediately, the final volume was based on the actual requirement. Gently swirl the tube to ensure complete mixing of the combined MTS/PMS solution. Pipet 20 μL of the combined MTS/PMS solution into the assay wells in one 96 well plate. Incubate the plate for 1-4 h at 37° C. in a humidified, 5% CO₂ atmosphere, record the absorbance at 490 nm using SpectraMax. Thaw CTG reagent and equilibrate to rt, pipet 25 μL to the assay wells in another 96 well plate, shake for 2 min with the plate shaker, and incubate for 10 min at dark place, then record luminescence reading using Envision.

Data Analysis

The data will be displayed graphically using GraphPad Prism 5.0 software. In order to calculate IC₅₀, a dose-responsive curve will be fitted using nonlinear regression model with a sigmoidal dose response. The IC₅₀ will be automatically produced by GraphPad Prism 5.0. FIG. 2 displays two such plots of SIK2 inhibitor (191, 206) examples tested in SK-OV-3 and OVCAR3 cell lines with Cisplatin as control. The SK-OV-3 is on the left and the OVCAR3 is on the right.

Survival rate is calculated with the formula of Value_(sample)/Value_(vehicle control)*100% for CTG assay, and calculated with the formula of (Value_(sample)−Value_(blank control))/(Value_(vehicle control)−Value_(blank control))*100%

Effects of the Test Compounds on the SIK2-Expressed SKOv3, OVCAR3, ES-2 And HEY Cells

Test compound at various concentrations are added in duplicate and the cells were incubated for 72 h. After incubation, CellTiter-Glo® Reagent are added to each test well and mixed for 2 min on an orbital shaker. The plates are shortly centrifuged and incubated at rt for additional 10 min to stabilize the luminescent signal and the luminescence signals are recorded on Pherastar Plus. The cell viability after 72 h compound treatment was assayed. 1H-Pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine and 1H-Pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine series of compounds and its analogues were tested on panel of ovarian cancer cell lines where 1H-Pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine series inhibited SKOv3 (1.2 μM), OVCAR-3 (0.7 μM), HEY 0.07 μM), ES-2 (1.2 μM) (FIGS. 2 b 1-3) and COV434, COV504, EFO-27, HO-8910, OV56, OV90, OVCAR-4, OVISE, OVSAHO, OVTOKO, SW626, TOV-112D and TOV-21G cells inhibited by 1H-Pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine series with an IC₅₀ between 0.5 to 3.0 μM.

Functional Kinase Assay and the Onset of SIK2 Inhibition:

The functional assays was conducted in order to examine the phosphorylation of SIK2 at Thr175 that is required for kinase activity and downstream targets on treatment with 1H-Pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine and 1H-Pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine derivatives. In SKOv3, OVCAR-3, HEY cells the inhibition of phosphorylation of SIK2 at Thr175 and Ser186 monitored after the 1 h treatment with 1H-Pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine and 1H-Pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine derivatives. The treatment with 1H-Pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine and 1H-Pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine derivatives results in inhibition of SIK2 kinase activity will examined from ovarian cancer cell lines by western blot. Levels of phospho-SIK2 relative to total-SIK2 upon exposure to 1H-Pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine and 1H-Pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine derivatives was determined. The experimental details involves 10 thousand SKOV3ip ovarian carcinoma cells plated in 6 cm plates and will be allowed to adhere overnight. All plates treated with demecolcine for 6 h, cells were collected released in to new media containing 1H-Pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine and 1H-Pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine derivatives at 1 h at rt. The cell lysates will be used in Western blot analysis.

Effects of 1H-Pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine and 1H-Pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine Derivatives on Ovarian Carcinoma Proliferation and Apoptosis:

As a part of cellular efficacy and possible mechanisms causing the tumor growth inhibition evidenced in the 1H-Pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine and 1H-Pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine derivatives experiments, we further examined the effects on tumor cell proliferation by calculating the proliferative index after immunohistochemistry on tumors collected at necropsy from all efficacy experiments. In the SKOv3 model, the proliferation index for animals treated with vehicle, 1H-Pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine and 1H-Pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine derivatives alone and in combination with paclitaxel and monitor the proliferative indices. Further to gain additional insight into downstream effects of 1H-Pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine and 1H-Pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine derivatives, we will conduct the expression profile studies on SKOv3, OVCAR-3, HEY tumors harvested from either vehicle- or 1H-Pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine and 1H-Pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine derivatives treated animals.

In Vivo Models of SIK2

SKOV3 ovarian cancer cells injected sub-cutaneous into 32 female nu/nu mice of approximately and four groups of 8 mice observed with twice weekly measurements and weekly weights. Treatment with SIK2 inhibitors when progressive growth is observed at 7-14 days. In separate experiments, each of two SIK2 inhibitors 1H-Pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine derivatives delivered daily by gavage in 3 different concentrations (20, 40 and 80 mg/kg) in a volume of 2 mL. Vehicle will be administered for 4th group by gavage. When the control xenografts have grown to 1.5 cm in diameter, all mice will be sacrificed, tumors weighed and tumor tissue cryopreserved and fixed for routine and EM studies and the duration of time required ˜4 to 6 weeks. The 1H-Pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine compounds had significant antitumor effects as a single agent over combination with taxol.

Efficacy of 1H-Pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine Derivatives in nu/nu SKOv3 Xenograft Mice:

We examined the growth-inhibitory effect of 1H-Pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine derivatives in-vivo employing an i.p. xenograft model in which nu/nu mice were inoculated i.p. with sensitive cell line SKOv3 cells. One week after inoculation, mice were randomized into six treatment groups receiving vehicle, 1H-Pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine derivatives 30, 60 mg/kg, taxol 10 mg/kg and 1H-Pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine plus taxol. Drug treatment was well tolerated except i.p. treatment second group, with no apparent toxicity throughout the study. At the end of an experiment, all mice were sacrificed for tumor volume, weight and each mice examined and recorded at autopsy. The two 1H-Pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine compounds and taxol groups all inhibited the abdominal tumor growth and tumor cell dissemination (reduced tumor numbers) (FIG. 5 a-c). Taken together, these findings indicates that two 1H-Pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine compounds, taxol had significant antitumor effects and compound as a single agent with the ability not only to inhibit ovarian tumor growth, but also inhibits dissemination of tumor cells in vivo.

The effect of 1H-Pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine compounds on SKOv3 induced orthotopic murine model:

Dose-finding experiments initiated by injecting SKOV3ip1 (SKOV3ip1 cells were collected from cultures using either 0.25% trypsin-EDTA (Life Technologies) on the cell line) tumor cells i.p. (2.5×10⁵) into athymic female mice. 19 days after tumor cell orthotopic inoculation and when i.p. tumors were palpable, then the mice randomized into 6 dosage groups: 0 mg (vehicle alone, group 1), 20 and 40 mg/kg (groups 2, 3) received 1H-Pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine compound i.p QD for 3 days (M/W/F), 60 and 80 mg/kg (groups 4, 5) received 1H-Pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine compound p.o BID for 3 days (M/W/F) and 100 mg/kg group received 1H-Pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine compound+Taxol p.o BID for 3 days (M/W/F). BID (twice daily doses) of inhibitor or vehicle were administered by p.o 12 h apart and the treatment continued until the vehicle-treated animals showed significant tumor burden (for a total of 4 to 6 weeks) and terminate the study at the end of 4 or 6^(th) week and sacrifice animals (mice were sacrificed at 24, 48, and 72 h after the final i.p/p.o) and tumors were harvested for tumor growth inhibition percent and immunohistochemistry to see the effect of each animal in the group and all tumor nodules were collected, counted, and weighed at necropsy. In order to establish the optimal dose and frequency of dosing to effectively inhibit SIK2 in-vivo, these dose-finding experimental samples from orthotopic murine models and using functional assay we at first investigated the SIK2 expression profiling in control group mice and inhibition of phosphorylation of SIK2 by 1H-Pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine compound and Taxol. Additionally, we performed quantitative RT-PCR, Western blot, and immunocytology experiments to identify overexpression of SIK2 in control groups against treatment groups along with SIK2 inhibition of transcription factor CREB via phosphorylation of its cofactor TORC2/CRTC2 as a biological indicator of SIK2 kinase activity. Further characterized the effects of SIK2 kinase inhibition on tumor growth inhibition, examined the tumor nodule formation. 1H-Pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine compound, taxol had significant antitumor effects and compound as a single agent, with the ability not only to inhibit ovarian tumor growth, but also inhibits dissemination of tumor cells in vivo.

The Effect of 1H-Pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine Compound on OVCAR-3 Induced Orthotopic Murine Model:

Dose-finding experiments initiated by injecting OVCAR-3 (OVCAR-3 cells were collected from cultures using either 0.1% EDTA (Life Technologies) on the cell line) tumor cells i.p. (2.5×10⁵) into athymic female mice. Similar study design protocols and analysis performed as described under SKOv3 orthotopic murine experiments.

Pharmacokinetics/ADME/Tox:

The objective of this study was to investigate the bio-availability and pharmacokinetics of a 1H-Pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine compound in male Sprague Dawley rats. A total of 6 male rats were used in the study. The study was performed using parallel design (n=3) with serial sampling, as summarized in the Table 5:

TABLE 5 Dose Dose volume Strength Route Group # No. of rats (mg/kg) (mL/kg) (mg/mL) IV^(a) 1 3 5 2.5 2 PO^(b) 2 3 20 10 2 ^(a)Ethyl alcohol (5% v/v), Polyethylene glycol-300 (50% v/v), Propylene glycol (20% v/v) and water for injection q.s. ^(b)Ethyl alcohol (5% v/v), Polyethylene glycol-300 (50% v/v), Propylene glycol (20% v/v) and Milli-Q ® water q.s. 1H-Pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine compound is orally bioavailable with % F is >20, T_(max) (h) is 6 and T_(1/2) (h) is 5.

1H-Pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine compound had solubility at pH 3 is 380 μg/mL, in SGF/SIF its stability is over 120 min (half-life), P-gp substrate classification is negative. It has no hERG inhibition (IC₅₀>10 μM) and the P450 IC₅₀ for 1A2, 2C19, 2C9, 2D6>10 μM. 1H-Pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine compound hepatocytes clearance is 9.12 (C_(1-nt) mL/min/g liver) and in microsomes is 8 (C_(int) mL/min/g liver).

Dose formulations were prepared on the day of doing. Blood samples were collected at 0.083 (only IV), 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8 and 24 h post-dose. At each time point, approximately 0.2 mL of blood was withdrawn from each cannulated rat through jugular vein and transferred to a pre-labeled microfuge tube containing 20 μL of 200 mM K₂EDTA permL of blood. Following collection of blood sample, equal volume of heparinized saline was flushed into jugular vein of rat. The blood samples were centrifuged at 5000 g for 5 minutes at 4±2° C. The plasma was separated within 30 min of scheduled time and stored below −60° C. until bio-analysis. The plasma samples were analyzed for 114 using a fit-for purpose liquid chromatographic tandem mass spectrometric detection (LC-MS/MS) method with a lower limit of quantification of 2.21 ng/mL. The pharmacokinetic parameters for compound 114 were calculated using the non-compartmental analysis tool of validated WinNonlin® software (Version 5.2).

TABLE 6 Rat PK: The pharmacokinetic profiles of test compound 114 following intravenous bolus administration and oral gavage in male Sprague Dawley rats. Route T_(max) C_(max) AUC_(last) AUC_(inf) CL V_(ss) T_(1/2) F ^(a) (Dose) (h) (ng/mL) (ng · h/mL) (ng · h/mL) (mL/min/kg) (L/kg) (h) (%) IV NA 3849.91 ^(b) ± 2599.10 ± 2617.38 ± 33.42 ± 1.61 ± 0.54 ± — (5 mg/kg) 710.44 636.93 647.47 9.57 0.28 0.05 PO 0.25 ^(c) 852.56 ± 1583.84 ± 1599.77 ± NA NA NA 15 (20 mg/kg) (0.25-0.5) 83.61 179.45 182.86 ^(a) AUC_(inf) and nominal doses were used for bioavailability (% F) calculation; ^(b) concentration at time zero; ^(c) T_(max) is represented as median (range)

Structural Homology Modeling—Salt Inducible Kinase 2 (SIK2)

The compounds of Formula I, IA and IB provided in Tables 1-3 were designed using a structural homology model of SIK2 and its mutant form of SIK2. The homology model of structural model of the kinase domain of SIK2 was constructed using Salt Inducible Kinase 2 (SIK2) domain region sequence (11-336) from the full length protein sequence NP_(—)9056006 (FIG. 3).

Referring to FIG. 3, Structure based sequence alignment in Clustal W of the catalytic protein kinase domains of SIK1 (SNFILK), SIK2 (SNFILK, QIK), SIK3 (QSK), AMPK and MARK2. Amino acid residue annotation were identical residues (*), highly conserved residues (:), and similar residues (.) The active site residues highlighted in yellow and the gatekeeper residues in turquoise and the DFG residues shown in yellow.

Sequence search with in the RCSB provided the 2 homologues X-ray crystal structure templates with ˜52% sequence identity and ˜65% sequence similarities was considered as starting point for multiple sequence alignment using Clustal W alignment (FIG. 4) and homology modeling. The Swiss-Model was applied in sequence alignment, model building, loop prediction and refinement. With the application of FFDD™ (Fragment-Field Drug Design) workflow design strategy, the final models of SIK2 shown in FIG. 4 were utilized and served as template for designing claimed compounds. Based on the 3-D profile scoring the structural template chosen from PDB database and were both MARK2 and AMP-activated protein kianse (AMPK) crystal structures (PDB ID: 2ROI and 3AQV). Several models were built and refined to check the 3D profile and are shown in FIG. 4.

Referring to FIG. 4, the homology model of SIK2 in complex with one of the lead inhibitor is shown. The critical active site residues shown in color-by-atom in stick representations. The inhibitor binding site depicted in surface in complex with SIK2. Compound belongs to 1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine structural class claimed.

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Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2004, 31;     217(1-2), 109-112. 

What is claimed is:
 1. A compound having the structure according to Formulas I, IA or IB:

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein: X is N or CH; L¹ is H, F; or L¹ is thienyl, phenyl, pyrrolyl, pyridyl,

piperazinyl,

any of which is optionally substituted with 1-3 substituents, each substituent independently selected from halo, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, piperazinyl, methylpiperazinyl,

Q is a direct bond, thienyl, thiazolyl, phenyl, furanyl,

piperazinyl, or pyrazolyl; R¹ is each H, halo, —CN, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy,

Z is a direct bond, thienyl, thiazolyl, phenyl,

furanyl, piperazinyl, or pyrazolyl; R² is each independently H, halo, —CN, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy,

n is 0, 1, or 2; and m is 0, 1, or 2; provided that the compound is not a compound selected from

and further provided that at least one of L¹, R¹, and R² is not H.
 2. A compound according to claim 1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein the compound is described by Formula IA, and X is CH.
 3. A compound according to claim 2, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein L¹ is H or F.
 4. A compound according to claim 2, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein L¹ is phenyl optionally substituted with 1-3 substituents, each substituent independently selected from halo, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, piperazinyl, methylpiperazinyl,


5. A compound according to claim 2, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein L₁ is pyridyl optionally substituted with 1-3 substituents, each substituent independently selected from halo, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, piperazinyl, methylpiperazinyl,


6. A compound according to claim 2, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein L¹ is

optionally substituted with 1-3 substituents, each substituent independently selected from halo, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, piperazinyl, methylpiperazinyl,


7. A compound according to claim 2, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein L¹ is piperazinyl optionally substituted with 1-3 substituents, each substituent independently selected from halo, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, piperazinyl, methylpiperazinyl,


8. A compound according to claim 2, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein L¹ is

optionally substituted with 1-3 substituents, each substituent independently selected from halo, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, piperazinyl, methylpiperazinyl,


9. A compound according to claim 2 comprising a compound selected from

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
 10. A compound according to claim 1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein the compound is described by Formula IA, and X is N.
 11. A compound according to claim 10, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein L¹ is H.
 12. A compound according to claim 10, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein L¹ is phenyl optionally substituted with 1-3 substituents, each substituent independently selected from halo, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, piperazinyl, methylpiperazinyl,


13. A compound according to claim 10, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein L¹ is pyridyl optionally substituted with 1-3 substituents, each substituent independently selected from halo, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, piperazinyl, methylpiperazinyl,


14. A compound according to claim 10, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein L¹ is

optionally substituted with 1-3 substituents, each substituent independently selected from halo, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, piperazinyl, methylpiperazinyl,


15. A compound according to claim 10, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein L¹ is

optionally substituted with 1-3 substituents, each substituent independently selected from halo, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, piperazinyl, methylpiperazinyl,


16. A compound according to claim 10, comprising a compound selected from

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
 17. A compound according to claim 1, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein the compound is described by Formula IB, and X is CH.
 18. A compound according to claim 17, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein L¹ is phenyl optionally substituted with 1-3 substituents, each substituent independently selected from halo, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, piperazinyl, methylpiperazinyl,


19. A compound according to claim 17, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein L¹ is pyridyl optionally substituted with 1-3 substituents, each substituent independently selected from halo, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, piperazinyl, methylpiperazinyl,


20. A compound according to claim 17, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein L¹ is

optionally substituted with 1-3 substituents, each substituent independently selected from halo, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, piperazinyl, methylpiperazinyl,


21. A compound according to claim 17 comprising a compound selected from

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof;
 22. A method of treating cancer or hyperproliferative disorders, stroke, obesity, or type II diabetes by administering an effective amount of a compound according to Formulas I, IA or IB:

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein: X is N or CH; L¹ is H, F; or L¹ is thienyl, phenyl, pyrrolyl, pyridyl,

piperazinyl,

any of which is optionally substituted with 1-3 substituents, each substituent independently selected from halo, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, piperazinyl, methylpiperazinyl,

Q is a direct bond, thienyl, thiazolyl, phenyl,

furanyl, piperazinyl, or pyrazolyl; R¹ is each H, halo, —CN, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy,

Z is a direct bond, thienyl, thiazolyl, phenyl,

furanyl, piperazinyl, or pyrazolyl; R² is each independently H, halo, —CN, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₄alkoxy,

n is 0, 1, or 2; and m is 0, 1, or 2; provided that at least one of L¹, R¹, and R² is not H
 23. The method of claim 22, wherein the cancer is of colon, breast, stomach, prostate, pancreas, or ovarian tissue.
 24. The method of claim 22, wherein the cancer or hyperproliferative disorder is lung cancer, NSCLC (non small cell lung cancer), oat-cell cancer, bone cancer, pancreatic cancer, skin cancer, dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, cancer of the head and neck, cutaneous or intraocular melanoma, uterine cancer, ovarian cancer, colo-rectal cancer, cancer of the anal region, stomach cancer, colon cancer, breast cancer, gynecologic tumors (e.g., uterine sarcomas, carcinoma of the fallopian tubes, carcinoma of the endometrium, carcinoma of the cervix, carcinoma of the vagina or carcinoma of the vulva), Hodgkin's Disease, hepatocellular cancer, cancer of the esophagus, cancer of the small intestine, cancer of the endocrine system (e.g., cancer of the thyroid, pancreas, parathyroid or adrenal glands), sarcomas of soft tissues, cancer of the urethra, cancer of the penis, prostate cancer (particularly hormone-refractory), chronic or acute leukemia, solid tumors of childhood, hypereosinophilia, lymphocytic lymphomas, cancer of the bladder, cancer of the kidney or ureter, renal cell carcinoma, carcinoma of the renal pelvis, pediatric malignancy, neoplasms of the central nervous system, primary CNS lymphoma, spinal axis tumors, medulloblastoma, brain stem gliomas, pituitary adenomas, Barrett's esophagus, pre-malignant syndrome, neoplastic cutaneous disease, psoriasis, mycoses fungoides, benign prostatic hypertrophy, diabetic retinopathy, retinal ischemia, and retinal neovascularization, hepatic cirrhosis, angiogenesis, cardiovascular disease, atherosclerosis, immunological disease, autoimmune disease, or renal. 